21,705 research outputs found
Generalized contact process with two symmetric absorbing states in two dimensions
We explore the two-dimensional generalized contact process with two absorbing
states by means of large-scale Monte-Carlo simulations. In part of the phase
diagram, an infinitesimal creation rate of active sites between inactive
domains is sufficient to take the system from the inactive phase to the active
phase. The system therefore displays two different nonequilibrium phase
transitions. The critical behavior of the generic transition is compatible with
the generalized voter (GV) universality class, implying that the
symmetry-breaking and absorbing transitions coincide. In contrast, the
transition at zero domain-boundary activation rate is not critical.Comment: 7 pages, 7 eps figures included, final version as publishe
Ultrahigh areal number density solid-state on-chip microsupercapacitors via electrohydrodynamic jet printing
Microsupercapacitors (MSCs) have garnered considerable attention as a promising power source for microelectronics and miniaturized portable/wearable devices. However, their practical application has been hindered by the manufacturing complexity and dimensional limits. Here, we develop a new class of ultrahigh areal number density solid-state MSCs (UHD SS-MSCs) on a chip via electrohydrodynamic (EHD) jet printing. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first study to exploit EHD jet printing in the MSCs. The activated carbon-based electrode inks are EHD jet-printed, creating interdigitated electrodes with fine feature sizes. Subsequently, a drying-free, ultraviolet-cured solid-state gel electrolyte is introduced to ensure electrochemical isolation between the SS-MSCs, enabling dense SS-MSC integration with on-demand (in-series/in-parallel) cell connection on a chip. The resulting on-chip UHD SS-MSCs exhibit exceptional areal number density [36 unit cells integrated on a chip (area = 8.0 mm x 8.2 mm), 54.9 cells cm(-2)] and areal operating voltage (65.9 V cm(-2))
Absorbing-state phase transitions on percolating lattices
We study nonequilibrium phase transitions of reaction-diffusion systems
defined on randomly diluted lattices, focusing on the transition across the
lattice percolation threshold. To develop a theory for this transition, we
combine classical percolation theory with the properties of the supercritical
nonequilibrium system on a finite-size cluster. In the case of the contact
process, the interplay between geometric criticality due to percolation and
dynamical fluctuations of the nonequilibrium system leads to a new universality
class. The critical point is characterized by ultraslow activated dynamical
scaling and accompanied by strong Griffiths singularities. To confirm the
universality of this exotic scaling scenario we also study the generalized
contact process with several (symmetric) absorbing states, and we support our
theory by extensive Monte-Carlo simulations.Comment: 11 pages, 10 eps figures included, final version as publishe
A New SX Phe Star in the Globular Cluster M15
A new SX Phe star (labelled SXP1) found from CCD photometry is the first
to be discovered in the globular cluster M15. It is a blue straggler and is
located 102\arcsec.8 north and 285\arcsec.6 west of the center of M15
\citep{har96}. Mean magnitudes of SXP1 are = 18$\fm$671 and
= 18\fm445. The amplitude of variability of SXP1 is measured to be . From multiple-frequency analysis based on the Fourier
decomposition method, we detect two very closely separated pulsating
frequencies: the primary frequency at c/d for both - and
-bands, and the secondary frequency at c/d for the -band and
24.343 c/d for the -band. This star is the second among known SX Phe stars
found to pulsate with very closely separated frequencies ().
These frequencies may be explained by excitation of nonradial modes; however,
we have an incomplete understanding of this phenomenon in the case of SX Phe
stars with relatively high amplitudes. The metallicity-period and the
variability amplitude-period relations for SXP1 in M15 are found to be
consistent with those for SX Phe stars in other globular clusters.Comment: 15 pages with 6 figures, accepted by the Astronomical Journal
(scheduled May 2001
Beyond domain-specific expertise: Neural signatures of face and spatial working memory in Baduk (Go game) experts
Directional interacting whispering gallery modes in coupled dielectric microdisks
We study the optical interaction in a coupled dielectric microdisks by
investigating the splitting of resonance positions of interacting whispering
gallery modes (WGMs) and their pattern change, depending on the distance
between the microdisks. It is shown that the interaction between the WGMs with
odd parity about y-axis becomes appreciable at a distance less than a
wavelength and causes directional emissions of the resulting interacting WGMs.
The directionality of the interacting WGMs can be understood in terms of an
effective boundary deformation in ray dynamical analysis. We also discuss about
the oscillation of the splitting when the distance is greater than a
wavelength.Comment: 7 pages, 10 figure
Nonequilibrium phase transition on a randomly diluted lattice
We show that the interplay between geometric criticality and dynamical
fluctuations leads to a novel universality class of the contact process on a
randomly diluted lattice. The nonequilibrium phase transition across the
percolation threshold of the lattice is characterized by unconventional
activated (exponential) dynamical scaling and strong Griffiths effects. We
calculate the critical behavior in two and three space dimensions, and we also
relate our results to the recently found infinite-randomness fixed point in the
disordered one-dimensional contact process.Comment: 4 pages, 1 eps figure, final version as publishe
Large-scale Monte Carlo simulations of the isotropic three-dimensional Heisenberg spin glass
We study the Heisenberg spin glass by large-scale Monte Carlo simulations for
sizes up to 32^3, down to temperatures below the transition temperature claimed
in earlier work. The data for the larger sizes show more marginal behavior than
that for the smaller sizes, indicating the lower critical dimension is close
to, and possibly equal to three. We find that the spins and chiralities behave
in a quite similar manner.Comment: 8 pages, 8 figures. Replaced with published versio
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