Feminist Perspective of Cross-gender Power Relation in Caryl Churchill's Top Girls

Top Girls, one of Caryl Churchill's most popular plays, describes the lives of six female characters coming from different centuries. Each of them has their own story to tell, as they have all been victimized by the patriarchal system in the century when they live and have resisted the system with different strategies. They either employ roles that are traditionally reserved for men or they adopt the archetypically feminine qualities. Despite their resistance and success, they find themselves unhappy and unsatisfied over their achievements. Thus this raises the question of the effectiveness of the feminist movement

Wideband, high efficiency optical modulator requires less than 10 watts drive power

Wideband optical modulation system operates with less than 10-watts drive power. It consists of an optical modulator and transistorized driver that combines small cross-section potassium dideuterium phosphate crystals with laser beam-condensing optics. Optical modulation systems may serve importantly in future space wideband communication systems

Investigating the Presence of Regional Economic Growth Convergence in the Philippines using Kalman Filter

This paper investigates the presence of stochastic and dynamic convergence of the 14 regional economies in the Philippines in terms of per capita Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) using regional panel data from 1988 to 2007. Stochastic convergence, which indicates convergence of regions in the long-run, is tested using Levin, Lin & Chu (LLC) and Im, Pesaran & Shin (IPS) panel unit root tests. The presence of convergence, on one hand, indicates that the economically laggard regions are gaining on the economically better-performing regions with respect to per capita GRDP. On the other hand, the lack of convergence indicates a need to reevaluate existing regional and national economic policies on development. Dynamic convergence reveals several convergence characteristics of individual regions over time. Dynamic convergence is determined by the time-varying parameter (TVP) model derived using the Kalman Filter. The paper proceeds to examine the individual convergence behavior of each region based on the value of the estimate of the parameter of the TVP. The results show that out of the 14 regions studied, seven regions are found to converge towards the average of the national per capita GDP growth rate over 1988 to 2007 while six regions lag behind the average of the national per capita GDP growth rate over the same period. No region converges towards the economic growth rate of National Capital Region, the lead region used in the study.Panel Unit Root Test, Time-varying Parameter (TVP) Model, Kalman Filter, Stochastic Convergence, Dynamic Convergence

Tracking East Asia's Recovery from the Capital Account Crisis: Analysis, Evidence and Policy Implications

The strong recovery of the five crisis-affected countries of East Asia between 1999 and 2000 has revived the debate on the causes of the 1997 financial crisis. Initially there had been an emerging consensus that the crisis had originated from the capital account. However, some analysts see the faster-than-expected recovery as a vindication of IMF policy prescriptions, which tended to treat the crisis as a problem with the current account. This paper shows that the capital account interpretation is still relevant and that the recovery process is being dominated by factors directly related to the 1997 crisis

Wideband high efficiency optical modulator Final report, 15 Feb. 1966 - 15 Mar. 1967

Design of wideband high efficiency optical modulation system tested over 100-MHz ban

Assessing the marginal dollar value losses to an estuarine ecosystem from an aggressive alien invasive crab

This paper reports on a case study to establish dollar values for loss of biodiversity in the New Zealand coastal marine environment. The study uses the European Shore Crab (Carcinas maenas) as the example alien invasive species and the Pauatahanui Inlet, Wellington, New Zealand, as the ecosystem representative of the coastal marine environment. Choice modelling is the stated preference tool used to elicit marginal dollar values for these various attributes of the inlet. Reallocation of existing government expenditure is used as the payment mechanism. Results indicate a wide range of dollar values for the marginal losses to the environment, with no clear trend on a distance-decay relationship. The probability distributions of the dollar values of the environmental attributes tended to have a concentration around the median with very wide tails, especially on the high side. This indicates that most people generally agreed on a dollar value, but a very few individuals expressed extremely high values. The study concludes that the dollar values for loss of biodiversity and other environmental attributes do provide useful information to decision makers, but considerable caution needs to be exercised when applying these values in benefit cost studies. Marginal rate of substitution estimates between environmental attributes will be useful for estimating money values for attributes identified given future work estimates a statistically significant money value for one

Lateral dimerization is required for the homophilic binding activity of C-cadherin

Regulation of cadherin-mediated adhesion can occur rapidly at the cell surface. To understand the mechanism underlying cadherin regulation, it is essential to elucidate the hemophilic binding mechanism that underlies all cadherin-mediated functions. Therefore, we have investigated the structural and functional properties of the extracellular segment of Xenopus C-cadherin using a purified, recombinant protein (CEC 1-5). CEC 1-5 supported adhesion of CHO cells expressing C-cadherin. The extracellular segment was also capable of mediating aggregation of microspheres. Chemical cross-linking and gel filtration revealed that CEC 1-5 formed dimers in the presence as well as absence of calcium. Analysis of the functional activity of purified dimers and monomers demonstrated that dimers retained substantially greater homophilic binding activity than monomers. These results demonstrate that lateral dimerization is necessary for hemophilic binding between cadherin extracellular segments and suggest multiple potential mechanisms for the regulation of cadherin activity

Financial and Monetary Cooperation in ASEAN

One result of the 1997 East Asian financial crisis was greater awareness of the need for closer financial and monetary cooperation. This paper makes an inventory of the institutional developments in this area in East Asia, with emphasis on Southeast Asia. The major issues that must resolve include: (i) whether the participation should be limited to ASEAN or expanded to include the whole East Asia region; (ii) the sequencing of activities; and (iii)the institutions that must be consolidated or established to carry out these activities. Since financial and monetary integration remain a distant goal, efforts must focus on monetary and financial cooperationparticularly the latter, mainly in terms of harmonization of standardsthat will facilitate greater trade and investment integration and enhance financial stability in the region