2,864 research outputs found
Parameterization of absorption-line profiles
Mathematical models for parametrization of absorption-line profile
Stimulated Raman adiabatic passage analogs in classical physics
Stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) is a well established technique
for producing coherent population transfer in a three-state quantum system. We
here exploit the resemblance between the Schrodinger equation for such a
quantum system and the Newton equation of motion for a classical system
undergoing torque to discuss several classical analogs of STIRAP, notably the
motion of a moving charged particle subject to the Lorentz force of a
quasistatic magnetic field, the orientation of a magnetic moment in a slowly
varying magnetic field, the Coriolis effect and the inertial frame dragging
effect. Like STIRAP, those phenomena occur for counterintuitively ordered field
pulses and are robustly insensitive to small changes in the interaction
properties
Phase shifts in nonresonant coherent excitation
Far-off-resonant pulsed laser fields produce negligible excitation between
two atomic states but may induce considerable phase shifts. The acquired phases
are usually calculated by using the adiabatic-elimination approximation. We
analyze the accuracy of this approximation and derive the conditions for its
applicability to the calculation of the phases. We account for various sources
of imperfections, ranging from higher terms in the adiabatic-elimination
expansion and irreversible population loss to couplings to additional states.
We find that, as far as the phase shifts are concerned, the adiabatic
elimination is accurate only for a very large detuning. We show that the
adiabatic approximation is a far more accurate method for evaluating the phase
shifts, with a vast domain of validity; the accuracy is further enhanced by
superadiabatic corrections, which reduce the error well below .
Moreover, owing to the effect of adiabatic population return, the adiabatic and
superadiabatic approximations allow one to calculate the phase shifts even for
a moderately large detuning, and even when the peak Rabi frequency is larger
than the detuning; in these regimes the adiabatic elimination is completely
inapplicable. We also derive several exact expressions for the phases using
exactly soluble two-state and three-state analytical models.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figure
Dark-State Polaritons for multi-component and stationary light fields
We present a general scheme to determine the loss-free adiabatic
eigensolutions (dark-state polaritons) of the interaction of multiple probe
laser beams with a coherently driven atomic ensemble under conditions of
electromagnetically induced transparency. To this end we generalize the
Morris-Shore transformation to linearized Heisenberg-Langevin equations
describing the coupled light-matter system in the weak excitation limit. For
the simple lambda-type coupling scheme the generalized Morris-Shore
transformation reproduces the dark-state polariton solutions of slow light.
Here we treat a closed-loop dual-V scheme wherein two counter-propagating
control fields generate a quasi stationary pattern of two counter-propagating
probe fields -- so-called stationary light. We show that contrary to previous
predictions,there exists a single unique dark-state polariton; it obeys a
simple propagation equation.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figure
Coherent population transfer beyond the adiabatic limit: generalized matched pulses and higher-order trapping states
We show that the physical mechanism of population transfer in a 3-level
system with a closed loop of coherent couplings (loop-STIRAP) is not equivalent
to an adiabatic rotation of the dark-state of the Hamiltonian but coresponds to
a rotation of a higher-order trapping state in a generalized adiabatic basis.
The concept of generalized adiabatic basis sets is used as a constructive tool
to design pulse sequences for stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) which
give maximum population transfer also under conditions when the usual condition
of adiabaticty is only poorly fulfilled. Under certain conditions for the
pulses (generalized matched pulses) there exists a higher-order trapping state,
which is an exact constant of motion and analytic solutions for the atomic
dynamics can be derived.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figure
Extension of the Morris-Shore transformation to multilevel ladders
We describe situations in which chains of N degenerate quantum energy levels,
coupled by time-dependent external fields, can be replaced by independent sets
of chains of length N, N-1,...,2 and sets of uncoupled single states. The
transformation is a generalization of the two-level Morris-Shore transformation
[J.R. Morris and B.W. Shore, Phys. Rev. A 27, 906 (1983)]. We illustrate the
procedure with examples of three-level chains
Preparation of nondegenerate coherent superpositions in a three-state ladder system assisted by Stark Shifts
We propose a technique to prepare coherent superpositions of two
nondegenerate quantum states in a three-state ladder system, driven by two
simultaneous fields near resonance with an intermediate state. The technique,
of potential application to enhancement of nonlinear processes, uses adiabatic
passage assisted by dynamic Stark shifts induced by a third laser field. The
method offers significant advantages over alternative techniques: (\i) it does
not require laser pulses of specific shape and duration and (\ii) it requires
less intense fields than schemes based on two-photon excitation with
non-resonant intermediate states. We discuss possible experimental
implementation for enhancement of frequency conversion in mercury atoms.Comment: 22 pages, 8 figures, 1 table, submitted to PHys. Rev.
Photoionization Suppression by Continuum Coherence: Experiment and Theory
We present experimental and theoretical results of a detailed study of
laser-induced continuum structures (LICS) in the photoionization continuum of
helium out of the metastable state 2s . The continuum dressing with a
1064 nm laser, couples the same region of the continuum to the {4s }
state. The experimental data, presented for a range of intensities, show
pronounced ionization suppression (by as much as 70% with respect to the
far-from-resonance value) as well as enhancement, in a Beutler-Fano resonance
profile. This ionization suppression is a clear indication of population
trapping mediated by coupling to a contiuum. We present experimental results
demonstrating the effect of pulse delay upon the LICS, and for the behavior of
LICS for both weak and strong probe pulses. Simulations based upon numerical
solution of the Schr\"{o}dinger equation model the experimental results. The
atomic parameters (Rabi frequencies and Stark shifts) are calculated using a
simple model-potential method for the computation of the needed wavefunctions.
The simulations of the LICS profiles are in excellent agreement with
experiment. We also present an analytic formulation of pulsed LICS. We show
that in the case of a probe pulse shorter than the dressing one the LICS
profile is the convolution of the power spectra of the probe pulse with the
usual Fano profile of stationary LICS. We discuss some consequences of
deviation from steady-state theory.Comment: 29 pages, 17 figures, accepted to PR
Analysis of Absorption Profiles of Autoionizing Lines
Scattering theory parameterization of absorption cross sections, and profiles of autoionizing spectral line
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