Implementation of Driver Software of Trailer Module Chip

The aim of the project is to develop a driver software for UJA1076A SBC in embedded C using IAR Embedded Workbench and integrate the driver software with application software of Trailer module. Currently MC33903 system basis chip from Freescale is used in Trailer Module. As an initiative to reduce the material cost for the Trailer module product, a lower price SBC NXP UJA1076A has been used. Also due to the fact that the newly proposed SBC has less number of operating modes and registers to configure, it helps in making the driver software much more simpler, thus reducing the risk of hidden issues in the otherwise complex design and code of the current SBC driver software

SINGLE VERSUS MULTIPLE TRIAL VECTORS IN CLASSICAL DIFFERENTIAL EVOLUTION FOR OPTIMIZING THE QUANTIZATION TABLE IN JPEG BASELINE ALGORITHM

Quantization Table is responsible for compression / quality trade-off in baseline Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) algorithm and therefore it is viewed as an optimization problem. In the literature, it has been found that Classical Differential Evolution (CDE) is a promising algorithm to generate the optimal quantization table. However, the searching capability of CDE could be limited due to generation of single trial vector in an iteration which in turn reduces the convergence speed. This paper studies the performance of CDE by employing multiple trial vectors in a single iteration. An extensive performance analysis has been made between CDE and CDE with multiple trial vectors in terms of Optimization process, accuracy, convergence speed and reliability. The analysis report reveals that CDE with multiple trial vectors improves the convergence speed of CDE and the same is confirmed using a statistical hypothesis test (t-test)

Antidiabetic potential of Lantana aculeata root extract in alloxan-induced diabetic rats

The present study investigates the antidiabetic potential of dried mature roots of Lantana aculeata, a weed belonging to verbenaceae family on biochemical profile in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The effects of an ethanolic extract of the dried mature roots of Lantana aculeata on serum glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, plasma insulin and liver glycogen were examined in control and experimental groups. Lantana aculeata root extract reduced the serum glucose concentration at 24, 48 and 72 hours. To verify the activity sub-chronically, the extract administered orally in the doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg to diabetic rats for 30 days, that significantly reduced the level of glucose, total cholesterol and triglycerides with an increase in insulin and glycogen concentration to near normal levels in a dose-dependent manner. The results indicate that roots of Lantana aculeata possess antidiabetic potential in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The activity might be due to high concentration of oleanolic acid present in the roots

A Context-Responsive LSTM based IoT Enabled E- Healthcare Monitoring System for Arrhythmia Detection

Detecting Arrhythmia, a life-threatening cardiac condition, in real-time is crucial for timely intervention and improved healthcare outcomes. Traditional manual methods for Arrhythmia detection using Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals are error-prone and resource-intensive. To address these limitations, this paper presents an automated system based on the Context Responsive Long Short-Term Memory (CR-LSTM) model for real-time Arrhythmia classification. The system leverages IoT technology to continuously monitor vital signs and effectively combines contextual information with temporal sensor data to accurately discern different types of Arrhythmias. The CR-LSTM model achieves an impressive accuracy of 99.72% in multiclass classification of Arrhythmias, making it a promising solution for dynamic healthcare settings and proactive personalized care

Future Prospects of Large Language Models: Enabling Natural Language Processing in Educational Robotics

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown considerable promise in educational robotics by offering generic knowledge necessary in situations when prior programming is not possible. In general, mobile education robots cannot perform tasks like navigation or localization unless they have a working knowledge of maps. In this letter, we tackle the issue of making LLMs more applicable in the field of mobile education robots by helping them to understand Space Graph, a text-based map description. This study, which focuses on LLMs, is divided into several sections. It explores basic natural language processing (NLP) techniques and highlights how they can help create smooth education discussions. Examining the development of LLMs inside NLP systems, the paper explores the benefits and implementation issues of important models utilized in the education sector. Applications useful in educational discussions are described in depth, ranging from patient-focused tools like diagnosis and treatment recommendations to systems that support education providers. We provide thorough instructions and real-world examples for quick engineering, making LLM-based educational robotics solutions more accessible to novices. We demonstrate how LLM-guided upgrades can be easily included in education robotics applications using tutorial-level examples and structured prompt creation. This survey provides a thorough review and helpful advice for leveraging language models in automation development, acting as a road map for researchers navigating the rapidly changing field of LLM-driven educational robotics

Common Genotypes of Carbapenamase Observed in Members of the Enterobacteriaceae in Tertiary Care Hospital in South India

Carbapenems are the preferred last-line agents for treating multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections frequently observed in hospital environments. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of different genes linked to carbapenemase production in Enterobacteriaceae, utilizing samples obtained from a tertiary healthcare center located in South India. A retrospective investigation included isolates from blood, tracheal aspirate, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), pleural fluid, and mini-BAL from chosen patients, which were inoculated onto blood agar or MacConkey agar and underwent Carba-R testing with the GENE Xpert Carba-R Assay. The study included the various samples sent to the Diagnostic Microbiology Laboratory obtained from all patients between January 2020 to August 2023. The results showed that majority were respiratory samples (31%) followed by blood culture samples (28%) and urine samples (23%). Among the total infections that are culture-positive for Enterobacteriaceae, 10.6% were carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. The most common organisms detected was Klebsiella pneumoniae (83%) followed by Escherichia coli (10%), and other various organisms. Among the genotypes, the OXA-48 genotype (31%) was the most prevalent, followed by the NDM genotype (25%) and the KPC genotype (1.3%) as resistance inducers. Additionally, 37% of isolates exhibited a combination of both OXA-48 and NDM genes, while 13.5% of organisms demonstrated the presence of OXA-48, NDM, and KPC. The results helped conclude that OXA-48 followed by NDM genotype were responsible for inducing resistance in more than 50% of the CROs detected. The results elucidate the diverse levels of resistance-acquiring genotypes, which can enhance the formulation of improved patient treatments

Auditory pre-experience modulates classification of affect intensity: evidence for the evaluation of call salience by a non-human mammal, the bat Megaderma lyra

Abstract Introduction Immediate responses towards emotional utterances in humans are determined by the acoustic structure and perceived relevance, i.e. salience, of the stimuli, and are controlled via a central feedback taking into account acoustic pre-experience. The present study explores whether the evaluation of stimulus salience in the acoustic communication of emotions is specifically human or has precursors in mammals. We created different pre-experiences by habituating bats (Megaderma lyra) to stimuli based on aggression, and response, calls from high or low intensity level agonistic interactions, respectively. Then we presented a test stimulus of opposite affect intensity of the same call type. We compared the modulation of response behaviour by affect intensity between the reciprocal experiments. Results For aggression call stimuli, the bats responded to the dishabituation stimuli independent of affect intensity, emphasising the attention-grabbing function of this call type. For response call stimuli, the bats responded to a high affect intensity test stimulus after experiencing stimuli of low affect intensity, but transferred habituation to a low affect intensity test stimulus after experiencing stimuli of high affect intensity. This transfer of habituation was not due to over-habituation as the bats responded to a frequency-shifted control stimulus. A direct comparison confirmed the asymmetric response behaviour in the reciprocal experiments. Conclusions Thus, the present study provides not only evidence for a discrimination of affect intensity, but also for an evaluation of stimulus salience, suggesting that basic assessment mechanisms involved in the perception of emotion are an ancestral trait in mammals. </jats:sec

Soil zinc dynamics over time on applied organics, bacterial inoculant and zinc fertilizers in calcareous soil of southern India

Bioavailability of zinc was impacted by soil properties, externally applied sources, time, and various fractions of zinc. An experiment was conducted to investigate the bioavailable and other zinc fractions in calcareous soil and the efficiency of organic and inorganic sources on bioavailability with the presence and absence of zinc solubilizing bacteria (ZSB). The sequential extraction procedure followed at every interval of the incubation period for all forms of zinc was studied. Externally added inorganic sources significantly affected all fractions of zinc compared to untreated soils. Among them, ZnSO4 influences all forms of zinc, mainly Ws+Ex (water soluble+exchangeable) and carbonate-bound zinc, whereas Zn-EDTA maintains a high status of bioavailable zinc throughout the experimental period. On the 60th day of incubation, Zn-EDTA and ZnSO4 applied to soil maintained bioavailable zinc content of 3.71 and 2.94 times higher than that of control. Irrespective of sources, the available zinc of Zn fertilizers applied to soils was reduced with an increase in incubation days. Organic and microbial addition effects solely or combined increase the soil zinc content significantly in both fertilized and unfertilized soils. Among two different organic sources, the zinc solubility performance of farmyard manure was higher than that of vermicompost. In untreated soil, residual and carbonate-bound fractions contribute a major portion towards total zinc based on quantity. The bioavailable fraction mainly the Ws+Ex and organically bound fractions were markedly influenced in all treatments

ANALYSIS OF VARIABLE SPEED PFC CHOPPER FED BLDC MOTOR DRIVE

ABSTRACT This paper provides the detailed analysis of the DC-DC chopper fed Brushless DC motor drive used for lowpower applications. The various methods used to improve the power quality at the ac mains with lesser number of components are discussed. The most effective method of power quality improvement is also simulated using MATLAB Simulink. Improved method of speed control by controlling the dc link voltage of Voltage Source Inverter is also discussed with reduced switching losses. The continuous and discontinuous modes of operation of the converters are also discussed based on the improvement in power quality. The performance of the most effective solution is simulated in MATLAB Simulink environment and the obtained results are presented