The impact assessment of cage aquaculture on benthic communities along the south eastern Black Sea

The present study was conducted to examine the impact of cage aquaculture on benthic communities in coastal areas (depth 25 to 50 m) from fish farming operations located along the southeastern Black Sea (Ordu-Perşembe, Trabzon-Yomra and Rize central). Sampling was conducted seasonally from April 2007 to 2009. Sediment samples were taken using Ekman Grab (box core- 0.04 m2). Temperature, salinity, and water velocity were periodically measured to determine influencing sedimentary organic matter in the sediment, oxygenation, and anoxic conditions. In addition, grain size of sediment, organic carbon content, and distribution of benthic communities were investigated. In order to determine benthic impact of fish farms on the region, Shannon – Wiener diversity index (H’), AMBI (AZTI Marine Biotic Index) and M-AMBI (Multivariate- Marine Biotic Index) indices were used. Results of current study showed that benthic zone ecological quality of stations with number 01, 02, 03, and 04 at Ordu-Perşembefish-farming habitat was found to be very low. In autumn 2008, there were 3 species which belonged to Capitella capitata (844 individuals/m2), Capitella sp. (133 individuals/m2), and Heteromastus filliformis (311 individuals/m2) at OP-01 station. In addition, the impact of Trabzon-Yomra fish-farming activity on benthic communities was low. The degree of exposure for Rize fish-farming area in all seasons was quite low, which was not a significant negative impact

A research on the sensitivity of European chub to some pesticides

The aim of this study was to investigate the sensitivity of European chub (Leuciscus cephalus, Linnaeus, 1758), a natural freshwater fish species, to a synthetic pyrethroid (deltamethrin), a carbamate insecticide (carbaryl), and an organophosphorus pesticide (malathion). This fish species was taken from Iyidere stream (Trabzon-Turkey) for bioassay experiments. The 96-h LC50 values for European chub were estimated, and their variations for each pesticide discussed. While carbaryl and malathion were less toxic than deltamethrin for European chub, the most toxic pesticide was deltamethrin (LC50: 5.34 ?gL-1), whereas those of carbaryl and malathion were 8.66 mg L-1 and 1.81 mg L-1, respectively. © by PSP

Effects of water hardness and temperature on the acute toxicity of mercuric chloride on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

PubMed: 22033427In this study, the toxicity of mercuric chloride (HgCl2), an important pollutant threatening water resources for many years, and the effects of water temperature and hardness on the toxicity in cultured rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (4.79 ± 0.16 g; 7.38 ± 0.24 cm; mean ± SD) were investigated at different temperatures (12 and 17°C) and hardness concentrations (35, 70 and 120 mg l-1 as calcium carbonate, CaCO 3). For this purpose, the acute toxicity tests were performed by 96-h static tests in different water temperatures and water hardness concentrations. For acute toxicity tests, solutions ranging from 0.4 to 1.2 mg l-1 were used at 12°C and solutions ranging from 0.4 to 1.0 mg l-1 at 17°C. The LC50 values of HgCl2 that killed 50% of rainbow trout within 96 h in the hardness concentrations of 35, 70 and 120 mg l-1 CaCO3 were calculated using probit analysis, and were found to be 0.725, 0.788, 0.855 mg l-1 at 12°C and 0.670, 0.741, 0.787 mg l-1 at 17°C, respectively. Consequently, the toxicity of HgCl2 on rainbow trout decreased when the temperature decreased from 17 to 12°C. Toxicity increased when the hardness decreased from 120 to 35 mg l-1 CaCO3. In contrast to temperature, water hardness presents a negative effect on the toxicity of HgCl2. © The Author(s) 2011.2009103011The study was supported by Rize University, Research Project Fund (Project No: 2009103011)

Trace element content in marine algae species from the Black Sea, Turkey

Trace element content of marine algae species collected from the Black Sea coasts were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy after microwave digestion. Trace element content in marine algae species were 1.70-17.1 mu g/g for copper, 3.64-64.8 mu g/g for zinc, 9.98-285 mu g/g for manganese, 99-3,949 mu g/g for iron, 0.50-11.6 mu g/g for chromium, 0.27-36.2 mu g/g for nickel, 11-694 mu g/kg for selenium, 0.50-44.6 mu g/kg for cadmium, 1.54-3,969 mu g/kg for lead, 1.56-81.9 mu g/kg for cobalt. While iron was the highest trace element concentration, cadmium was the lowest in samples. Most of the analyzed samples were edible. The samples are consumed for human diet in several countries

Firtina Deresi (Rize)'nin Fiziko-Kimyasal açıdan su kalitesinin belirlenmesi

In this study, purposing to determine water quality of Firtina Stream located in between Ardeşen and Çamlihemşin, Rize at Eastern Black Sea Region was investigated. The study was carried out between May, 2006 and April, 2008. During the study, the water samples were taken periodically from seven chosen stations in every month. The measured data were given as following (minimum, maximum and average): pH(6.88-7.61-7.16±0.0121), total dissolved solids (TDS)(14.20-42.10-28.28±0.43 ppm), bicarbonate (HCO-3) (36.60-122.00-66.88±1.05 mg/L), carbon dioxide (CO2)(0.88-4.10-2.28±0.05 mg/L), biochemical oxygen demand (BOI5)(0.60-4.40-1.85±0.05 mg/L), calcium (Ca++)(6.01-16.03-9.86±0.16 mg/L), magnesium (Mg++)(0.01-5.59-1.89±0.09 mg/L), total hardness (17.00-47.00-32.29±0.49 mg/L), nitrite nitrogen (NO-2-N)(UDL-0.0083-0.0012±0.0001 mg/L), nitrate nitrogen (NO-3-N)(0.0001-5.47-1.36±0.0873 mg/L), ammonium nitrogen (NH+ 4-N)(0.0006-0.0140-0.0048±0.0002 mg/L), phosphate phosphorus (PO-34-P)(UDL-0.42-0.12±0.0084 mg/L), total suspended solids (0.60-78.30-11.37±1.21 mg/L), alkalinity (10.00-85.00-46.04±1.20 mg/L), water temperature (4.00-18.96-10.53±0.40°C), dissolved oxygen (8.17-13.78-10.71±0.11 mg/L), dissolved oxygen saturation (75.20-82.50-79.54±1.97 %), turbidity (0.27-57.03-9.89±0.90 NTU) and conductivity (19.50-85.26-54.77±1.04 ?S/cm). When the all physical and chemical characteristics of Firtina Stream were examined according to the inland water quality standards declared in water pollution law, it is obvious that the river has a high water quality standard (Class 1) except for phosphorus and suitable for purposing human consumption. Thus, it can be said that Firtina Stream water can be used not only for drinking purpose by disinfecting it, but also for recreational aims, aquacultures and other aims

Flow and turbulence measurements in a diagonal brush fish pass: A field study

BAW;Schnabel Engineering7th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures, ISHS 2018 -- 15 May 2018 through 18 May 2018 -- -- 139327This study aims to investigate flow and turbulence structure of a diagonal brush fish passage which has been constructed at the existing Small Hydropower Plant (SHP) on İyidere River on the East Black Sea Coast of Turkey. The flow and turbulence characteristics of diagonal brush fish pass were investigated in a 1.1 m wide rectangular flume with a bed slope of 10% for Reynolds and Froude numbers ranging between 3.45x104-2.4x105 and 0.15-0.16, respectively. By taking into account dynamic upstream water levels (H=101.20 m to H=102.05 m) of fish pass structure throughout the year, the vertical velocity profiles of different flow regions have been obtained by using Nivus instrument, whereas the turbulence quantities were gathered by measuring the three-dimensional instantaneous velocity fields using Micro acoustic Doppler velocimeter. The flow data was grouped for four different relative submergence of bristles. Thus, the analysis is done based on a physical basis and focus on the most important hydraulic parameters of velocity field, turbulence, and flow depth for fish passage design. The main findings of this study can be summarized as follows: (i) a significant proportion of energy dissipation (>50%) takes place in the brush plates with the vibration and bending of bristles, (ii) turbulent kinetic energy seems to be considerably lower for a same dissipated power in brush fish pass than other conventional fish passes (vertical slot and nature type), (iii) the turbulence intensities in the lateral velocity component were an important contributor to turbulence, and (iv) when the bristles are submerged, the maximum turbulent kinetic energy value is tripled. The flow is quasi-uniform and in subcritical regime which provides different migration corridors with typical hydraulic conditions and, very important for the fish, these corridors continue through the complete fish pass. The results from this study would be useful to fish-pass designers. © 2018 7th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures, ISHS. All rights reserved.National Council for Scientific Research 315M019This work is supported by the Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey under Scientific and Technological Research Projects Funding Program (1001 TUBITAK) grant with agreement number 315M019

The impact assessment of cage aquaculture on benthic communities along the south eastern Black Sea

The present study was conducted to examine the impact of cage aquaculture on benthic communities in coastal areas (depth 25 to 50 m) from fish farming operations located along the southeastern Black Sea (Ordu-Perembe, Trabzon-Yomra and Rize central). Sampling was conducted seasonally from April 2007 to 2009. Sediment samples were taken using Ekman Grab (box core- 0.04 m2). Temperature, salinity, and water velocity were periodically measured to determine influencing sedimentary organic matter in the sediment, oxygenation, and anoxic conditions. In addition, grain size of sediment, organic carbon content, and distribution of benthic communities were investigated. In order to determine benthic impact of fish farms on the region, Shannon - Wiener diversity index (H'), AMBI (AZTI Marine Biotic Index) and M-AMBI (Multivariate- Marine Biotic Index) indices were used. Results of current study showed that benthic zone ecological quality of stations with number 01, 02, 03, and 04 at Ordu-Perembefish-farming habitat was found to be very low. In autumn 2008, there were 3 species which belonged to Capitella capitata (844 individuals/m2), Capitella sp. (133 individuals/m2), and Heteromastus filliformis (311 individuals/m2) at OP-01 station. In addition, the impact of Trabzon-Yomra fish-farming activity on benthic communities was low. The degree of exposure for Rize fish-farming area in all seasons was quite low, which was not a significant negative impact

Image Analysis Based Fish Tail Beat Frequency Estimation for Fishway Efficiency

European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO) -- SEP 03-07, 2018 -- Rome, ITALYToreyin, Behcet Ugur/0000-0003-4406-2783WOS: 000455614900360In this paper, we propose image analysis based methods for estimating fish tail beat frequency, which is an indicator of fish energy consumption at fish passage structures. For this purpose, average magnitude difference and autocorrelation function based periodicity detection techniques are utilized. Actual fish images are acquired using a visible range camera installed in a brush type fish pass in Ikizdere River, near Rize, Turkey, which is very rich in biodiversity. Results show that image analysis based periodicity detection methods can be used for fishway efficiency evaluation purposes. To the best of authors' knowledge, this is the first study that automatically estimates fish tail beat frequency using image analysis. the findings of this study are expected to have implications for fish monitoring and fishway design.European Assoc Signal Processing, IEEE Signal Processing Soc, ROMA TRE Univ Degli Studi, MathWorks, Amazon DevicesScientific and Technical Research Council of TurkeyTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [315M019]; Istanbul Technical University Scientific Research Project Program (BAP) [MGA-2017-40964]This work is supported in part by the Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey under Scientific and Technological Research Projects Funding Program (1001 TUBITAK) grant with agreement number 315M019 and Istanbul Technical University Scientific Research Project Program (BAP) grant with agreement number MGA-2017-40964. We thank Tanju Mutlu and Cuneyt Kaya for their help during the field study

Effects of preservation methods on the ? 13c and ? 15n signatures in muscle tissues of two freshwater fish species

Stable isotope is a powerful method for characterizing flows of energy through ecosystems. The power of this method, however, may be affected by preservation methods of the samples. We investigated the effects of four common preservatives (salt, formalin, and ethanol and freezing [control] and preservation duration (six and three months) on ? 15N and ? 13C values of two freshwater fish species, Perca fluviatilis (perch) and Blicca bjoerkna (silver bream). Six-month preservation caused little enrichment in ? 15N of both species compared to three month but had almost the same effects on ? 13C values of both species as in three-month preservation. All methods caused significant shifts (enrichment) in ? 15N of both species, and the effects in general were greater in perch (range: 0.28‰-2.19 ‰) than in bream (range: 0.31‰-1.29‰), which suggested that preservative induced shifts in ? 15N was species-specific. The methods caused little enrichment (ethanol-range: 0.03‰-0.26 ‰ bream and 0.30‰-0.48 ‰ perch and salt: 0.18 ‰ perch three month) and depletion (salt-range: 0.03 ‰0.13‰ bream and 0.13‰ perch six month) in ? 13C. Of the preservatives, however formalin had significant but consistent effects on ? 13C in both species (-1.27‰ and -1.25‰) for the entire preservation duration. Preservation-induced shifts in ? 13C were consistent in direction and magnitude for both species. The results suggested that ethanol and salt could be used without correction factor and formalin with correction factor for preservation of samples solely in ? 13C studies.. For the studies requiring use of carbon and nitrogen together, however, ethanol at least six month in preservation may be suitable for storing samples when considering detection of changes less than 2 ‰ is required in ecological applications. © by PSP