Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase and Ca2+-calmodulin stimulate the formation of polyphosphoinositjdes in a sarcoplasmic reticulum preparation of rabbit heart

AbstractA rabbit heart membrane fraction enriched in sarcoplasmic reticulum was incubated in a reaction mixture containing [γ-32P]ATP. The catalytic subunit of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase enhanced the 32P-labelling of both phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate. Ca2+-calmodulin also increased the 32P-incorporation into both polyphosphoinositides. Upon SDS gel-electrophoretic analysis of the membrane proteins, phospholamban was found to be concurrently phosphorylated by the exogenous catalytic subunit as well as by an endogenous Ca2+-calmodulm-dependent protein kinase

EFFECT OF FERTILIZERS ON THE YIELD, PROTEIN CONTENT AND AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF WINTER CEREALS

The effect of different fertilizers (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) and their combinations on the yield, raw protein content and amino acid composition were studied in field experiments. The levels of treatment were 200 kg/ha for nitrogen, 500-1000 kg/ha for phosphorus and potassium. Winter rye, triticale and wheat cultivar were grown in two subsequent years. Nitrogen fertilization in all cases increased the yield of grains and the raw protein content. The increase reached about 50% in average comparing with control samples grown without adding nitrogen fertilizers. Although there are significant differences between the different cereals studied, it can be generally stated that the increase in protein content is connected with a decrease in the essential to non-essential amino acid ratio. The decrease is higher if only nitrogen fertilizer is used and moderate if a combined treatment with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is applied

ABCC6 is a basolateral plasma membrane protein

RATIONALE:: ABCC6 plays a crucial role in ectopic calcification; mutations of the gene cause pseudoxanthoma elasticum and general arterial calcification of infancy. To elucidate the role of ABCC6 in cellular physiology and disease, it is crucial to establish the exact subcellular localization of the native ABCC6 protein. OBJECTIVE:: In a recent article in Circulation Research, ABCC6 was reported to localize to the mitochondria-associated membrane and not the plasma membrane. As the suggested mitochondrial localization is inconsistent with published data and the presumed role of ABCC6, we performed experiments to determine the cellular localization of ABCC6 in its physiological environment. METHODS AND RESULTS:: We performed immunofluorescent labeling of frozen mouse and human liver sections, as well as primary hepatocytes. We used several different antibodies recognizing human and mouse ABCC6. Our results unequivocally show that ABCC6 is in the basolateral membrane of hepatocytes and is not associated with the mitochondria, mitochondria-associated membrane, or the endoplasmic reticulum. CONCLUSIONS:: Our findings support the model that ABCC6 is in the basolateral membrane, mediating the sinusoidal efflux of a metabolite from the hepatocytes to systemic circulation. © 2013 American Heart Association, Inc

Resonant scattering of positronium as a quasifree electron

In order to clarify the physics underlying the observations of the electronlike behavior of positronium (Ps) and its resonant scattering from CO2, we have measured the Ps+N2 total cross section and found it also to exhibit significant structure. Analysis of the resonances reveals that Ps is distorted in the collisions and classical trajectory Monte Carlo calculations indicate that the electron is on average closer to the target than the positron, which may in turn bind resonantly to the ensuing temporary negative ion. This description of the nature of Ps resonances agrees with long-standing theoretical predictions

Interoperable AI: Evolutionary Race Towards Sustainable Knowledge Sharing

Article and Supplementary MaterialInternational audienceThe advancement and deployment of artificial intelligent agents brought numerous benefits in knowledge and data gathering and processing. However, one of the key challenges in deploying such agents in an open environment like the Web is their interoperability as they currently mostly run in silos. In this paper we report on a simulation and evaluation based on evolutionary agent-based modelling to empirically test how sustainable different strategies are for knowledge sharing in open multi-agent systems (MAS). Our results show the importance of translation-based approaches and the need for incentives to support these

Ionization of small molecules induced byH+, He+, andN+projectiles: Comparison of experiment with quantum and classical calculations

We report the energy and angular distribution of ejected electrons from CH$_4$ and H$_{2}$O molecules impacted by 1 MeV H$^+$, He$^+$ and 650 keV N$^+$ ions. Spectra were measured at different observation angles, from 2 eV to 2000 eV. The obtained absolute double-differential-electron-emission cross sections (DDCS) were compared with the results of CTMC and CDW-EIS calculations. For the bare H+ projectile both theories show remarkable agreement with the experiment at all observed angles and energies. The CTMC results are in similarly good agreement with the DDCS spectra obtained for impact by dressed He$^+$ and N$^+$ ions, where screening effects and electron loss from the projectile gain importance. The CDW-EIS calculations slightly overestimate the electron loss for 1 MeV He$^+$ impact, and overestimate both the target and projectile ionization at low emitted electron energies for 650 keV N$^+$ impact. The contribution of multiple electron scattering by the projectile and target centers (Fermi-shuttle) dominates the N$^+$-impact spectra at higher electron energies, and it is well reproduced by the non-perturbative CTMC calculations. The contributions of different processes in medium velocity collisions of dressed ions with molecules are determined

The influence of long chain polyunsaturate supplementation on docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid in baboon neonate central nervous system

BACKGROUND: Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (ARA) are major components of the cerebral cortex and visual system, where they play a critical role in neural development. We quantitatively mapped fatty acids in 26 regions of the four-week-old breastfed baboon CNS, and studied the influence of dietary DHA and ARA supplementation and prematurity on CNS DHA and ARA concentrations. METHODS: Baboons were randomized into a breastfed (B) and four formula-fed groups: term, no DHA/ARA (T-); term, DHA/ARA supplemented (T+); preterm, no DHA/ARA (P-); preterm and DHA/ARA supplemented (P+). At four weeks adjusted age, brains were dissected and total fatty acids analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. RESULTS: DHA and ARA are rich in many more structures than previously reported. They are most concentrated in structures local to the brain stem and diencephalon, particularly the basal ganglia, limbic regions, thalamus and midbrain, and comparatively lower in white matter. Dietary supplementation increased DHA in all structures but had little influence on ARA concentrations. Supplementation restored DHA concentrations to levels of breastfed neonates in all regions except the cerebral cortex and cerebellum. Prematurity per se did not exert a strong influence on DHA or ARA concentrations. CONCLUSION: 1) DHA and ARA are found in high concentration throughout the primate CNS, particularly in gray matter such as basal ganglia; 2) DHA concentrations drop across most CNS structures in neonates consuming formulas with no DHA, but ARA levels are relatively immune to ARA in the diet; 3) supplementation of infant formula is effective at restoring DHA concentration in structures other than the cerebral cortex. These results will be useful as a guide to future investigations of CNS function in the absence of dietary DHA and ARA

Complete Break Up of Ortho Positronium (Ps)- Hydrogenic ion System

The dynamics of the complete breakup process in an Ortho Ps - He+ system including electron loss to the continuum (ELC) is studied where both the projectile and the target get ionized. The process is essentially a four body problem and the present model takes account of the two centre effect on the electron ejected from the Ps atom which is crucial for a proper description of the ELC phenomena. The calculations are performed in the framework of Coulomb Distorted Eikonal Approximation. The exchange effect between the target and the projectile electron is taken into account in a consistent manner. The proper asymptotic 3-body boundary condition for this ionization process is also satisfied in the present model. A distinct broad ELC peak is noted in the fully differential cross sections (5DCS) for the Ps electron corroborating qualitatively the experiment for the Ps - He system. Both the dynamics of the ELC from the Ps and the ejected electron from the target He+ in the FDCS are studied using coplanar geometry. Interesting features are noted in the FDCS for both the electrons belonging to the target and the projectile.Comment: 14 pages,7 figure