High-quality genome sequence and description of Paenibacillus dakarensis sp. nov.

AbstractStrain FF9T was isolated in Dakar (Senegal) from a blood-culture taken from a 16-month-old child. MALDI-TOF analysis did not allow for identification. After sequencing, strain FF9T exhibited 98.18% similarity with the 16SrRNA sequence of Paenibacillus uliginis. A polyphasic study of phenotypic and genomic analyses showed that strain FF9T is Gram variable, catalase-positive, and presents a genome of 4,569,428 bp (one chromosome but no plasmid) with 4,427genes (4,352 protein-coding and 75 RNA genes (including 3 rRNA operons). The G+C content is 45.7%. On the basis of these genomic and phenotypic data analyses, we propose the creation of Paenibacillus dakarensis strain FF9T

Noncontiguous finished genome sequence and description of Weeksella massiliensis sp. nov.

Strain FF8T (= CSUR P860 = DSM 28259) was isolated in Dakar, Senegal, from the urine of a 65-year-old man with acute cystitis. This strain shows a similarity of sequence of 16S rRNA of 98.38% with Weeksella virosa, and its GenBank accession numbers are HG931340 and CCMH00000000. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis had a poor score, ranging from 1.32 to 1.56, that did not allow identification of the bacterium. Using a polyphasic study made of phenotypic and genomic analyses, strain FF8T was a Gram-negative, aerobic rod and a member of the family Flavobacteriaceae. The sequenced genome is 2 562 781 bp with one chromosome but no plasmid. It exhibits a G + C content of 35.9% and contains 2390 protein-coding and 56 RNA genes, including a complete rRNA operon. On the basis of these data, we propose the creation of Weeksella massiliensis sp. nov

Identification of atypical El Tor V-cholerae O1 Ogawa hosting SXT element in Senegal, Africa

International audienceVibrio cholerae O1 is the causative agent of cholera with classical and El Tor, two well-established biotypes. In last 20 years, hybrid strains of classical and El Tor and variant El Tor which carry classical ctxB have emerged worldwide. In 2004-2005, Senegal experienced major cholera epidemic with a number of cases totalling more than 31719 with approximately 458 fatal outcomes (CFR, 1.44%). In this retrospective study, fifty isolates out of a total of 403 V. cholerae biotype El Tor serovar Ogawa isolates from all areas in Senegal during the 2004-2005 cholera outbreak were randomly selected. Isolates were characterized using phenotypic and genotypic methods. The analysis of antibiotic resistance patterns revealed the predominance of the S-Su-TCY-Tsu phenotype (90% of isolates). The molecular characterization of antibiotic resistance revealed the presence of the SXT element, a self-transmissible chromosomally integrating element in all isolates. Most of V. cholerae isolates had an intact virulence cassette (86%) (ctx, zot, ace genes). All isolates tested gave amplification with primers for classical CT, and 10/50 (20%) of isolates carried classical and El Tor ctxB. The study reveals the presence of atypical V. cholerae O1 El Tor during cholera outbreak in Senegal in 2004-2005

Noncontiguous finished genome sequence and description of Necropsobacter massiliensis sp. nov.

Strain FF6T was isolated from the cervical abscess of a 4-year-old Senegalese boy, in Dakar, Senegal. MALDI-TOF MS did not provide any identification. This strain exhibited a 95.17% 16S rRNA sequence identity with Necropsobacter rosorum. Using a polyphasic study including phenotypic and genomic analyses, strain FF6T was an aero-anaerobic Gram-negative cocobacillus, oxidase positive, and exhibited a genome of 2,493,927 bp (1 chromosome but no plasmid) with a G+C content of 46.2% that coded 2,309 protein-coding and 53 RNA genes. On the basis of these data, we propose the creation of Necropsobacter massiliensis sp. nov

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry: A Powerful Tool for Clinical Microbiology at Hopital Principal de Dakar, Senegal (West Africa)

Our team in Europe has developed the routine clinical laboratory identification of microorganisms by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS). To evaluate the utility of MALDI-TOF MS in tropical Africa in collaboration with local teams, we installed an apparatus in the Hopital Principal de Dakar (Senegal), performed routine identification of isolates, and confirmed or completed their identification in France. In the case of discordance or a lack of identification, molecular biology was performed. Overall, 153/191(80.1%) and 174/191(91.1%) isolates yielded an accurate and concordant identification for the species and genus, respectively, with the 2 different MALDI-TOF MSs in Dakar and Marseille. The 10 most common bacteria, representing 94.2% of all bacteria routinely identified in the laboratory in Dakar (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Streptococcus agalactiae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Enterobacter cloacae, Enterococcus faecalis, and Staphylococcus epidermidis) were accurately identified with the MALDI-TOF MS in Dakar. The most frequent misidentification in Dakar was at the species level for Achromobacter xylosoxidans, which was inaccurately identified as Achromobacter denitrificans, and the bacteria absent from the database, such as Exiguobacterium aurientacum or Kytococcus schroeteri, could not be identified. A few difficulties were observed with MALDI-TOF MS for Bacillus sp. or oral streptococci. 16S rRNA sequencing identified a novel bacterium, "Necropsobacter massiliensis." The robust identification of microorganisms by MALDI-TOF MS in Dakar and Marseille demonstrates that MALDI-TOF MS can be used as a first-line tool in clinical microbiology laboratories in tropical countries

Identification of Atypical El TorV. cholerae O1 Ogawa Hosting SXT Element in Senegal, Africa

Vibrio cholerae O1 is the causative agent of cholera with classical and El Tor, two well-established biotypes. In last 20 years, hybrid strains of classical and El Tor and variant El Tor which carry classical ctxB have emerged worldwide. In 2004–2005, Senegal experienced major cholera epidemic with a number of cases totalling more than 31719 with approximately 458 fatal outcomes (CFR, 1.44%). In this retrospective study, fifty isolates out of a total of 403 V. cholerae biotype El Tor serovar Ogawa isolates from all areas in Senegal during the 2004–2005 cholera outbreak were randomly selected. Isolates were characterized using phenotypic and genotypic methods. The analysis of antibiotic resistance patterns revealed the predominance of the S-Su-TCY-Tsu phenotype (90% of isolates). The molecular characterization of antibiotic resistance revealed the presence of the SXT element, a self-transmissible chromosomally integrating element in all isolates. Most of V. cholerae isolates had an intact virulence cassette (86%) (ctx, zot, ace genes). All isolates tested gave amplification with primers for classical CT, and 10/50 (20%) of isolates carried classical and El Tor ctxB. The study reveals the presence of atypical V. cholerae O1 El Tor during cholera outbreak in Senegal in 2004–2005

Tools to support self-regulated learning in online environments: literature review

Las habilidades de aprendizaje autorregulado (SRL) son especialmente importantes en los Cursos en línea abiertos masivos (MOOC), donde la orientación de los maestros es escasa, y los estudiantes deben participar en su proceso de aprendizaje tratando de tener éxito y alcanzar sus objetivos de aprendizaje. Sin embargo, desarrollar estrategias de SRL es difícil para los alumnos dada la autonomía que se requiere en este tipo de cursos. Para apoyar a los estudiantes en este proceso, los investigadores han propuesto una variedad de herramientas diseñadas para apoyar ciertos aspectos de la autorregulación en entornos de aprendizaje en línea. Sin embargo, existe una falta de estudio para comprender cuáles son los puntos en común y las diferencias en términos de diseño, cuáles son los resultados en términos del efecto sobre la autorregulación de los alumnos y cuáles podrían aplicarse en los MOOC. Esas son las preguntas que deberían explorarse más a fondo. En este artículo presentamos una revisión sistemática de la literatura donde se analizaron 22 herramientas diseñadas para soportar SRL en entornos en línea. Nuestros hallazgos indican que: (1) la mayoría de los estudios no evalúan el efecto sobre las estrategias de SRL de los alumnos; (2) el uso de visualizaciones interactivas tiene un efecto positivo en la motivación de los alumnos; (3) el uso del componente de comparación social tiene un efecto positivo en el compromiso y la gestión del tiempo; y (4) faltan modelos para relacionar la actividad de los alumnos con las herramientas con las estrategias de SRL. Finalmente, presentamos las lecciones aprendidas para guiar a la comunidad en la implementación de herramientas para apoyar las estrategias de SRL en los MOOC. © 2018, Springer Nature Switzerland AG. (1) la mayoría de los estudios no evalúan el efecto sobre las estrategias de SRL de los alumnos; (2) el uso de visualizaciones interactivas tiene un efecto positivo en la motivación de los alumnos; (3) el uso del componente de comparación social tiene un efecto positivo en el compromiso y la gestión del tiempo; y (4) faltan modelos para relacionar la actividad de los alumnos con las herramientas con las estrategias de SRL. Finalmente, presentamos las lecciones aprendidas para guiar a la comunidad en la implementación de herramientas para apoyar las estrategias de SRL en los MOOC. © 2018, Springer Nature Switzerland AG. (1) la mayoría de los estudios no evalúan el efecto sobre las estrategias de SRL de los alumnos; (2) el uso de visualizaciones interactivas tiene un efecto positivo en la motivación de los alumnos; (3) el uso del componente de comparación social tiene un efecto positivo en el compromiso y la gestión del tiempo; y (4) faltan modelos para relacionar la actividad de los alumnos con las herramientas con las estrategias de SRL. Finalmente, presentamos las lecciones aprendidas para guiar a la comunidad en la implementación de herramientas para apoyar las estrategias de SRL en los MOOC. © 2018, Springer Nature Switzerland AG. y (4) faltan modelos para relacionar la actividad de los alumnos con las herramientas con las estrategias de SRL. Finalmente, presentamos las lecciones aprendidas para guiar a la comunidad en la implementación de herramientas para apoyar las estrategias de SRL en los MOOC. © 2018, Springer Nature Switzerland AG. y (4) faltan modelos para relacionar la actividad de los alumnos con las herramientas con las estrategias de SRL. Finalmente, presentamos las lecciones aprendidas para guiar a la comunidad en la implementación de herramientas para apoyar las estrategias de SRL en los MOOC.Self-regulated learning (SRL) skills are especially important in Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), where teacher guidance is scarce, and learners must engage in their learning process trying to succeed and achieve their learning goals. However, developing SRL strategies is difficult for learners given the autonomy that is required in this kind of courses. In order to support learners on this process, researchers have proposed a variety of tools designed to support certain aspects of self-regulation in online learning environments. Nevertheless, there is a lack of study to understand what the commonalities and differences in terms of design are, what the results in terms of the effect on learners’ self-regulation are and which of them could be applied in MOOCs. Those are the questions that should be further explored. In this paper we present a systematic literature review where 22 tools designed to …Leed