Magnetocatalytic Adiabatic Spin Torque Orbital Transformations for Novel Chemical and Catalytic Reaction Dynamics: The Little Effect

In this manuscript the theory and phenomena associated with the Little Effect are introduced as the spin induced orbital dynamics of confined fermions under strong magnetic and thermal environments. This Little Effect is considered in details for the electron transfer reactions associated with redox processes of Cu-Ag alloy within deionized water and for the orbital dynamics during the iron catalyzed covalent bond rearrangements associated with amorphous carbon conversion to diamond. Furthermore, prolong extreme conditions of 74,000 amps, 403 V, strong Lorentz compression, and thermal stresses upon this Cu-Ag- H2O system on the basis of the Little Effect of high spin, thermally induced orbital dynamics are predicted and demonstrated to cause the magnetically organized reverse beta, electron capture, proton capture and neutron capture processes for various infrequent pycnonuclear transmutations within the Cu-Ag coil. The general experimental verification and the broad implications of this Little Effect on chemistry are demonstrated within these two ideal systems: an ionic case and a molecular case. The Little Effect is contrasted with the Hedvall Effect as a dynamical phenomenon causing the kinematics of the Hedvall Effect. The compatibility of the Little Effect with the Woodward-Hoffmann Rule is demonstrated. The Little Effect provides greater understanding of order in systems far from equilibrium. The implications of the Little Effect for other interesting phenomena such as ferromagnetism, unconventional magnetism, superparamagnetism, superconductivity, and pycnonuclear effects are concluded

JSC flight experiment recommendation in support of Space Station robotic operations

The man-tended configuration (MTC) of Space Station Freedom (SSF) provides a unique opportunity to move robotic systems from the laboratory into the mainstream space program. Restricted crew access due to the Shuttle's flight rate, as well as constrained on-orbit stay time, reduces the productivity of a facility dependent on astronauts to perform useful work. A natural tendency toward robotics to perform maintenance and routine tasks will be seen in efforts to increase SSF usefulness. This tendency will provide the foothold for deploying space robots. This paper outlines a flight experiment that will capitalize on the investment in robotic technology made by NASA over the past ten years. The flight experiment described herein provides the technology demonstration necessary for taking advantage of the expected opportunity at MTC. As a context to this flight experiment, a broader view of the strategy developed at the JSC is required. The JSC is building toward MTC by developing a ground-based SSF emulation funded jointly by internal funds, NASA/Code R, and NASA/Code M. The purpose of this ground-based Station is to provide a platform whereby technology originally developed at JPL, LaRC, and GSFC can be integrated into a near flight-like condition. For instance, the Automated Robotic Maintenance of Space Station (ARMSS) project integrates flat targets, surface inspection, and other JPL technologies into a Station analogy for evaluation. Also, ARMSS provides the experimental platform for the Capaciflector from GSPC to be evaluated for its usefulness in performing ORU change out or other tasks where proximity detection is required. The use and enhancement of these ground-based SSF models are planned for use through FY-93. The experimental data gathered from tests in these facilities will provide the basis for the technology content of the proposed flight experiment

Automated Real-Time Testing (ARTT) for Embedded Control Systems (ECS)

Developing real-time automated test systems for embedded control systems has been a real problem. Some engineers and scientists have used customized software and hardware as a solution, which can be very expensive and time consuming to develop. We have discovered how to integrate a suite of commercially available off-the-shelf software tools and hardware to develop a scalable test platform that is capable of performing complete black-box testing for a dual-channel real-time Embedded-PLC-based control system (www.aps.anl.gov). We will discuss how the Vali/Test Pro testing methodology was implemented to structure testing for a personnel safety system with large quantities of requirements and test cases. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. W-31-109-Eng-38.Comment: 6 pages, 8 figures, ICALEPCS 2001, Poster Sessio

Determining whether mate-searching males use directional information from female signals in Umbonia crassicornis

Abstract only availableVibrational communication is widespread in insect social and ecological interactions. In fact, it has been estimated that thousands of insect species use vibrational signals as a primary source of communication. During many interactions, such as courtship and predator encounters, it is necessary for individuals to locate the source of the vibrational signal. Although localization of this sort is important, the mechanisms that small insects use to locate the source of the vibrational signal are not known. We are studying mate localization in thornbug treehoppers, Umbonia crassicornis. These are small sap-feeding insects in which mate-searching males produce vibrational signals that are transmitted along the stems and leaves of their host plant during courtship. First, the male produces a vibrational signal that is detected by the female. The female responds with her own vibration, creating a duet which is repeated until the male reaches the female. We hypothesize that the female's vibrational signals provide directional information to searching males. In order to test this hypothesis, we recorded the routes traveled and decisions made by mate-searching males as well as audio of the male-female duets. Our preliminary data suggest that female signals do influence the paths that males take to find females. Our results will guide future research on the actual mechanisms used by treehoppers to determine the direction of a substrate vibration and will continue to provide important insights into insect social behavior, ecology, and evolution.NSF Undergraduate Mentoring in Environmental Biolog

Letter from Reginald J. B. Page to Senator Langer Regarding Federal Funding for Road Construction, December 17, 1952

This letter, dated December 17, 1952, from Lt. Col. Reginald J. B. Page of the United States (US) Army Corp of Engineers, Garrison District, to US Senator William Langer, makes reference to Langer\u27s letter of December 10, in which Langer enclosed a copy of a resolution prepared by the McKenzie Country, ND Board of Commissioners, in which the Commissioners asked that a proposed road connecting the Fort Berthold Reservation to Highway no. 23 be constructed at federal expense. In his reply, Page explains that, because the proposed road lies outside the boundaries of the reservation, he has no funding or authority to include such a road in the Fort Berthold road construction project. See also: Letter from Senator Langer to Reginald J. B. Page Regarding Federal Funding for Road Construction, December 10, 1952https://commons.und.edu/langer-papers/1786/thumbnail.jp

Charge storage characteristics of ultra-small Pt nanoparticle embedded GaAs based non-volatile memory

Charge storage characteristics of ultra-small Pt nanoparticle embedded devices were characterized by capacitance-voltage measurements. A unique tilt target sputtering configuration was employed to produce highly homogenous nanoparticle arrays. Pt nanoparticle devices with sizes ranging from ∼0.7 to 1.34 nm and particle densities of ∼3.3–5.9 × 1012 cm−2 were embedded between atomic layer deposited and e-beam evaporated tunneling and blocking Al2O3 layers. These GaAs-based non-volatile memory devices demonstrate maximum memory windows equivalent to 6.5 V. Retention characteristics show that over 80% charged electrons were retained after 105 s, which is promising for device applications

Determining whether mate-searching males use directional information from female signals in Umbonia crassicornis

Abstract only availableVibrational communication is widespread in insect social and ecological interactions. In fact, it has been estimated that thousands of insect species use vibrational signals as a primary source of communication. During many interactions, such as courtship and predator encounters, it is necessary for individuals to locate the source of the vibrational signal. Although localization of this sort is important, the mechanisms that small insects use to locate the source of the vibrational signal are not known. We are studying mate localization in thornbug treehoppers, Umbonia crassicornis (Hemiptera: Membracidae). These are small sap-feeding insects in which mate-searching males produce vibrational signals that are transmitted along the stems and leaves of their host plant during courtship. First, the male produces a vibrational signal that is detected by the female. The female responds with her own vibration, creating a duet which is repeated until the male reaches the female. We hypothesize that the female's vibrational signals provide directional information to searching males. In order to test this hypothesis, we recorded the routes traveled and decisions made by mate-searching males as well as audio of the male-female duets. Our preliminary data suggest that female signals do influence the paths that males take to find females. Our results will guide future research on the actual mechanisms used by treehoppers to determine the direction of a substrate vibration and will continue to provide important insights into insect social behavior, ecology, and evolution.NSF Undergraduate Mentoring in Environmental Biolog