Cd diffused mesa-substrate buried heterostructure InGaAsP/InP laser

A new type of buried heterostructure InGaAsP/InP lasers grown by a single-step liquid phase epitaxy on Cd diffused mesa substrate is described. These lasers exhibit excellent current and optical confinement. Threshold currents as low as 15 mA are achieved for a laser with a 2-µm-wide active region

A COMPARATIVE CLINICAL STUDY OF BILVA MAJJA CHURNA AND KUSTUMBARI KALKA IN GARBHINI CHARDI W.S.R.TO EMESIS GRAVIDARUM

Pregnancy is a dynamic state, during this period a lot of physiological and hormonal changes take place. These hormonal changes produce different kind of major to minor abnormalities in the pregnant women. Minor disorders are nausea, vomiting, constipation, gastric irritation, hemorrhoids, low back pain etc. Garbhini chardi (nausea and vomiting in pregnancy) is foremost common ailment encountered in clinical practice. If this nausea and vomiting are present in excess then it is called as emesis gravidarum. If not tackled effectively before or in time it may affect woman’s quality of life. The present study is taken up to evaluate clinically the effect of Bilva majja churna with Lajambu (Group-A), and Kustumbari kalka with Tandulodaka mixed with Sharkara (Group-B) and to compare the effect of both groups (15 in each group) of diagnosed patients of Garbhini chardi. Study revealed statistically extremely significant improvement was observed in both groups but on comparing the symptomatic improvement of both groups, it was found that average percentage of relief was higher in Group-A i.e. 71.66%, followed by Group-B i.e., 60.39%. It shows that Bilva majja churna with Lajambu is comparatively better to cure Garbhini chardi than Kustumbari kalka with Tandulodaka mixed with Sharkara

From Euclidean Geometry to Knots and Nets

This document is the Accepted Manuscript of an article accepted for publication in Synthese. Under embargo until 19 September 2018. The final publication is available at Springer via https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-017-1558-x.This paper assumes the success of arguments against the view that informal mathematical proofs secure rational conviction in virtue of their relations with corresponding formal derivations. This assumption entails a need for an alternative account of the logic of informal mathematical proofs. Following examination of case studies by Manders, De Toffoli and Giardino, Leitgeb, Feferman and others, this paper proposes a framework for analysing those informal proofs that appeal to the perception or modification of diagrams or to the inspection or imaginative manipulation of mental models of mathematical phenomena. Proofs relying on diagrams can be rigorous if (a) it is easy to draw a diagram that shares or otherwise indicates the structure of the mathematical object, (b) the information thus displayed is not metrical and (c) it is possible to put the inferences into systematic mathematical relation with other mathematical inferential practices. Proofs that appeal to mental models can be rigorous if the mental models can be externalised as diagrammatic practice that satisfies these three conditions.Peer reviewe

Monolithic Schottky diode imaging arrays at 94 GHz

Monolithic GaAs Schottky diode imaging arrays have been demonstrated at 69 and 94 GHz. In the 94 GHz experiments, the diodes are fabricated by a self-aligning technique on semi-insulating GaAs and are isolated by a combination of a mesa-etch process and proton-bombardment. The series resistance is 20 ω and the estimated capacitance is 15–20 fF. The antennas are planar bow-ties, and power is coupled in through a quartz lens placed on the back of the GaAs substrate. The wafer is lapped to 90 μm thick to eliminate losses to substrate modes. The measured system responsivity is 330 V/W. The 69 GHz diodes are made by a non-self-aligned process, and a silicon substrate lens is used

Detonating Cord for Flux Compression Generation using Electrical Detonator No. 33

The paper highlights the use of electrical detonators for magnetic flux compression generator applications which requires synchronisation of two events with precise time delay of tens of ms and jitter within a few ms. These requirements are generally achieved by exploding bridge wire type detonators which are difficult to develop and are not commercially available. A technique has been developed using commercially available electrical detonator no. 33 to synchronise between peak of seed current in stator coil and detonation of explosive charge in armature. In present experiments, electrical signal generated by self-shorting pin due to bursting of electrical detonator has been used to trigger the capacitor discharge and the detonating cord of known length has been used to incorporate predetermined delay to synchronise the events. It has been demonstrated that using electrical detonator and known length of detonating cord, the two events can be synchronised with predetermined delay between 31 and 251 ms with variation of ± 0.5ms. The technique developed is suitable for defence applications like generation of high power microwaves using explosive driven magnetic flux compression generators.Defence Science Journal, 2011, 61(1), pp.19-24, DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.61.3

Exertional heat stroke in a marathon runner with extensive healed deep burns: a case report

Exertional heat illness typically occurs over hours in younger athletic patients or military recruits who exercise at elevated temperatures for a sufficient period of time to cause the rate of heat production to exceed the capacity of the body to dissipate heat. Since the physiological response to exercise includes cutaneous vasodilation and sweating, any limitation of such a response can cause rapid hyperthermia and thus heat stroke. One such condition is extensive burns healed by cicatrisation of the skin where the scar and grafted skin surface do not have functional sweat glands and are unable to lose heat in response to high temperatures. The authors report one unique case of a female marathon runner with exertional heat stroke who had recovered from deep second and third degree burns over approximately 50% of her body a few years ago

Experiences that \u201creach the heart\u201d. Taking part in a whole body dissection course at the University of Malta

This article summarizes the activities of the four-week whole body dissection course the main authors participated in in August 2016 at the dissection hall of the University of Malta (UoM). Our team comprised 10 second-year medicine students from University of Palermo chosen among who had passed the Human Anatomy exam brilliantly. The need to move to the UoM to take part in such activity derives from the lack of practice approach in Italian schools of medicine, focused mostly on the theoretical studies, neglecting practical experience. The heart dissection reveal itself as a huge opportunity to finally apply our anatomical knowledge, improving it and enabling us to compare images took from books to the actual organ. We had the chance to handle a real heart, to appreciate its weight and consistence. We took part in coronary artery courses focusing on their functions within the heart machinery.This article summarizes the activities of the four-week whole body dissection course the main authors partecipated in August 2016 at the dissection hall of the University of Malta (UoM). Our team comprised 10 second-year medicine students from University of Palermo chosen among who had passed the Human Anatomy exam brilliantly. The need to molve to the UoM to take part in such activity derives from the lack of practice approach in Italian schools of medicine, focused mostly on the theoretical studies, neglecting practical experience. The heart dissection reveal itself as a huge opportunity to finally apply our anatomical knowledge, improving it and enabling us to compare image took from books to the actual organ. We had the chance to handle a real heart, to appreciate its weight and consistence. We took part in coronary artery courses focusing on their functions within the heart machinery

Massive empyema caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae in an adult: A case report

BACKGROUND: Mycoplasma pneumoniae is responsible for more than 20% of community acquired pneumonia cases, and capable of causing upper respiratory illness as well. Complications of M.pneumoniae infections include CNS involvement but other as pericarditis were also reported. The lack of feasible culture methods and under appreciation of the pathogens ability to cause invasive disease leads to reduced number of diagnosed M.pneumoniae related complications. In contrast to many other respiratory pathogens causing pneumonia, M. pneumoniae related severe pleural complications were almost never reported. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a previously healthy 57 years old woman presented with indolent massive right pleural effusion, leukocytosis and elevated ESR. Extensive microbiological evaluation didn't reveal any pathogen in the pus even before antibiotic treatment was started. Surprisingly, M.pneumoniae DNA was detected in the pus from the empyema using PCR designed to detect M.pneumoniae. A serological assay (Serodia-Myco II) using convalescent serum was indeterminate with a titer of 1:80. The patient responded well to a treatment that included right thoracotomy with pleural decortication and a combination of antibiotics and anti-inflammatory medications. CONCLUSION: M.pneumoniae related empyema was never reported before in adult patients and was reported in only a few pediatric patients. In our patient there was no evidence to any common pathogens even before initiating antibiotic treatment. The only pathogen detected was M.pneumoniae. In this patient, serology was not helpful in establishing the diagnosis of M.pneumoniae related diseases, as was suggested before for older patients. We suggest that M.pneumoniae related empyema is probably under-diagnosed complication due to insensitivity of serology in older patients and under use of other diagnosis methods

How to think about informal proofs

This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of the following article: Brendan Larvor, ‘How to think about informal proofs’, Synthese, Vol. 187(2): 715-730, first published online 9 September 2011. The final publication is available at Springer via doi:10.1007/s11229-011-0007-5It is argued in this study that (i) progress in the philosophy of mathematical practice requires a general positive account of informal proof; (ii) the best candidate is to think of informal proofs as arguments that depend on their matter as well as their logical form; (iii) articulating the dependency of informal inferences on their content requires a redefinition of logic as the general study of inferential actions; (iv) it is a decisive advantage of this conception of logic that it accommodates the many mathematical proofs that include actions on objects other than propositions; (v) this conception of logic permits the articulation of project-sized tasks for the philosophy of mathematical practice, thereby supplying a partial characterisation of normal research in the fieldPeer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio