Kedudukan Janda tanpa Memiliki Keturunan dalam Putusnya Perkawinan Jujur Karena Kematian pada Masyarakat Batak Toba Kristen

The right to wealth as inheritance of a husband that should be owned by a widow sometimes not hold to due a widow indeed someone from outside that once presented into husband kinship under marriage reasonable in relation. It is noted the existence of a widow without having any children against inheritance wealth of husband is not assured, so there is no legal surety and it is unfair to widow. In marriage by Christian of Batak Toba people, about the inheritance, the community hold honest marriage in which is highly decided by clanship paternally. The existence of a widow without any children for Batak Toba community in a honest marriage is not referred as heirs against the late husband but in judged of the late her-husband clanship, settled a widow as long as life is allowable with right to have daily necessity, so for the wealth inheritance of her husband could be just as source of daily economy to survive only

Application of Swamp Wild Plant Extracts as a Source of Botanical Insecticides Against Main Pests of Rice in Tidal Swamp Lands Acid Sulphate

Until now, efforts to control plant pests and diseases tend to partner with chemical insecticides. The continuous and unwise use of chemical insecticides will adversely affect the environment and can kill natural enemies, especially parasitoids and predators, cause pest resistance, environmental pollution, and poisoning for pets and users/consumers. To overcome them, it is necessary to find an alternative control that is environmentally friendly, namely by using plant materials as pest and disease controllers, which are called botanical pesticides/insecticides. Plants that have a function as a source of botanical insecticides include swamp wild plants ‘cambai karuk’ (Piper sarmentosum), ‘maya’ (Amarphophallus campanulatus) and ‘sungkai’ (Peronema canescens). It was found FROM this study that the extract of each of the three plant species could be used as ingredients for making botanical insecticides for controlling the main pests of rice (leaf damaging white pest and false white pest) and white rice stem borer in acid sulphate tidal swamp land. The three species of swamp plants could suppress the attack of pests that destroyed rice plants. In rice plants treated with swamp plant extract, the attack rate of leaf damaging pests was 1.65-10.25% and for white rice stem borer, it was 0.95-3.25%. This was lower than those without treatment with an attack rate of leaf damaging pests at 35.25% and rice stem borer at 25.65%. In control with chemical insecticides, the attack rate was 7.92% by leaf damaging pests and 2.45% by stem borers. The application of tested swamp plant extracts was able to significantly reduce dry grain yield loss compared to the control without insecticide/pesticide treatment

Hubungan Penggunaan Kontrasepsi Pil dengan Kejadian Hipertensi pada Wanita Usia 15-49 Tahun di Indonesia Tahun 2013 (Analisis Data Riskesdas 2013)

Prevalensi hipertensi pada wanita cenderung lebih tinggi dibanding laki-laki. Berdasarkan Riskesdas2013, prevalensi hipertensi pada perempuan sebesar 28,8% dan laki-laki 22,8%. Penggunaan kontrasepsipil pada wanita akan mempengaruhi keseimbangan hormonal di tubuh sehingga bisa mengakibatkanpeningkatan tekanan darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan penggunaan kontrasepsi pildengan kejadian hipertensi pada wanita usia 15-49 tahun di Indonesia tahun 2013. Desain Riskesdas2013 adalah cross sectional. Kajian ini memilih sampel wanita usia 15-49 tahun yang menggunakankontrasepsi dengan jumlah 34.755. Data dianalisis dengan univariat, bivariat dan multivariat dengan ujicox regression. Hasil penelitian diperoleh hubungan yang bermakna antara penggunaan kontrasepsipil dengan kejadian hipertensi pada wanita usia 15-49 tahun dengan nilai PR 1,4 (95%CI: 1,31 1,45)setelah dikontrol umur dan IMT. Disimpulkan bahwa kontrasepsi pil merupakan faktor risiko terjadinyahipertensi. Wanita usia 15-49 tahun yang menggunakan kontrasepsi pil berisiko 1,4 kali untuk mengalamihipertensi dibanding mereka yang tidak menggunakan kontrasepsi pil. Sebaiknya tidak menggunakankontrasepsi pil jika pada awal pemeriksaan tekanan darah sudah tinggi dan wanita yang menggunakankontrasepsi pil harus mengontrol tekanan darah sekali tiap 6 bulan

PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI GURU DAN SISWA MELALUI PEMBUATAN WEBSITE SEKOLAH DI PONDOK PESANTREN AL IHSAN PANDEGLANG

Abstract Website is a media tool that can be used by anyone, including educational institutions as a means of official, fast, and accessible communication from anywhere. This community service activity held at the Al-Ihsan Pandeglang Islamic Boarding School has a purpose to improve the abilities and self-development of teachers and students in the world of computers, especially website creation. It is hoped that, after receiving the website creation training, both teachers and students can develop and manage the school's website independently. The problems faced by partners at this time are the absence of specific ICT learning, teachers with limited ICT abilities, students who only have the ability to type, and the absence of an official school website. The implementation method used is assisting in making websites from content to management In this mentoring, pre-test and post-test surveys were also carried out to see the level of knowledge and the effects of the assistance provided. The results of the pre-test and post-test provided showed an increase in knowledge for participants by 29.31% for basic website creation, and an increase of 34.48% for knowledge related to website content. The conclusion is that this assistance is effective in increasing participants' knowledge of the creation and management of website content.  Abstrak Website menjadi sarana media yang dapat dimanfaatkan oleh siapa saja tak terkecuali oleh institusi pendidikan sebagai sarana komunikasi yang resmi, cepat, dan bisa diakses dari mana saja. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang diselenggarakan di lingkungan Pondok Pesantren Al-Ihsan Pandeglang ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan dan pengembangan diri bagi para guru dan siswa dalam dunia komputer khususnya pembuatan website, diharapkan setelah menerima pelatihan pembuatan website, baik guru maupun siswa dapat mengembangkan serta mengelola secara mandiri website milik sekolah. Adapun permasalahan yang dihadapi Mitra saat ini adalah tidak adanya pembelajaran TIK secara khusus, guru dengan kemampuan TIK terbatas, siswa yang hanya memiliki kemampuan mengetik, serta tidak adanya website sekolah secara resmi.Metode pelaksanaan yang digunakan adalah melakukan pendampingan pembuatan website mulai dari konten sampai pengelolaan, dalam pendampingan tersebut dilaksanakan juga survei pre test dan post test untuk melihat sejauh mana tingkat pengetahuan dan efek dari pendampingan yang diberikan. Hasil dari pre test dan post test yang diberikan terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan bagi peserta sebesar 29.31% untuk dasar pembuatan website, dan kenaikan 34,48% untuk pengetahuan terkait konten website. Kesimpulan yang didapatkan adalah pendampingan ini efektif untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan peserta terhadap pembuatan dan pengelolaan konten website

Analisis Efisiensi dan Pengaruh Penggunaan Beberapa Input terhadap Produksi Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.) (Kasus: PT Socfindo Kebun Aek Loba Kec. Aek Kuasan, Kab. Asahan)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan input produksi tenaga kerja dan biaya saprodi terhadap produksi kelapa sawit per hektar, menganalisis efisiensi biaya produksi total yang dicapai oleh kebun, menjelaskan besar kontribusi biaya tenaga kerja terhadap biaya produksi total. Penentuan daerah penelitian ditetapkan secara purposive (secara sengaja), teknik pengumpulan data adalah data sekunder yang bersifat time series. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis Cobb Douglas, analisis efisiensi biaya, dan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa input produksi tenaga kerja dan biaya saprodi berpengaruh nyata terhadap produksi kelapa sawit per hektar dan hanya input tenaga kerja yang secara parsial berpengaruh nyata terhadap produksi kelapa sawit per hektar, efisiensi biaya yang dicapai oleh kebun secara rata-rata dalam lima tahun terakhir lebih besar dari tingkat bunga uang di bank sehingga kegiatan produksi kelapa sawit yang dilakukan kebun dapat dikatakan efisien, dan kontribusi biaya tenaga kerja terhadap biaya produksi total secara rata-rata dalam lima tahun terakhir adalah 21,40%

Gender Disparity Phenomena in Riskesdas 2007

Background: The contradictory evidence of greater life expectancy among Indonesian female while our 2007 National Health Report, Riskesdas 2007 showed that female leads male almost in all morbidity needs explanation. Differences in health and illness patterns of men and women are attributable both to sex, or biology, and to gender, that is social factors such as powerlessness, access to resources, and constrained roles. Methods:The paper use gender perspective to analyse phenomena from the Riskesdas 2007 report. Two gender related hypotheses, one with risk factors exposure approach developed by Lois Verbrugge, and the other on female sub-ordination developed by Amartya Sen were applied to explain the health phenomena between female and male health as shown in the Riskesdas 2007 report. Results:Equal nutritional status between under-five female and male and equal access to health service in the Riskesdas 2007 report provides evidence of no gender inequality in Indonesia. Indonesian males are indeed more exposed to death relate drisk behavior, especially smoking and accidents, while Indonesian female engaged in more pro healthy behavior. But higher female morbidity and mortality related to diaorrhea demands more study exploration. Conclusion:Health status in Riskesdas 2007 shows no gender inequality in Indonesia. Higher exposure to death related risk behavior lead to higher mortality in Indonesia male, which reflects in the lower life expectancy in Indonesian male. Recommendation: Indonesian males should be more engaged in pro healthy behavior to increase their life expectancy and health promotion should be targeted to reduce death related risk behavior