Evaluation of outcome of pregnancy in placenta accreta spectrum

Background: Aim of the study was to evaluate the outcome of pregnancy in placenta accrete spectrum in third trimester pregnancy at tertiary care centreMethods: This hospital based retrospective study was carried out from 2017 to 2019.  The case records of all women identified as placenta accrete spectrum from the hospital registers were retrieved. A total of 166 patients with the diagnosis of placenta accrete spectrum were included in the study.Results: The incidence of morbidly adherent placenta is 5 per 10,000 deliveries with mean age being 32.4±4.2 (23-39) years. and showed its relation with risk factors such as previous caesarean section (CS), placenta praevia and multiparity. The mean duration of MICU stay in placenta previa was 6.7±1.9 days (range 2-12 days). With complications in 18 cases of which urinary bladder injury (3%), infection (9%), PPH and coagulopathy (4.2%). The placenta was removed successfully in 141 while 25 cases had caesarean hysterectomy (2.4%). In total 166 cases 26 (16.8%) cases are intrauterine device (IUD) and still births. 5 (3%) cases are very low birth weight, 24 cases (14.5%) are low birth weight babies, 76 (45.8%) cases had neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions followed by 10 (6%) cases with <5 APGAR score.Conclusions: Placenta accreta spectrum can be identified antenatally with a high index of suspicion in the presence of known risk factors and proper radiological studies, allowing for planned attempts to avoid life-threatening haemorrhage and caesarean hysterectomy

A clinical, epidemiological and therapeutic scenario of dermatophytosis in a tertiary care hospital in the state of Telangana, India

Background: Dermatophytosis is a superficial fungal infection of the keratinized tissue. The infection generally designated as Tinea. Objectives of the study were to analyze the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic scenario of the patients of the dermatophytosis attending a tertiary care hospital in the state of Telangana. As these infection falls into differential diagnosis of many skin disorders it is necessary to make early laboratory tests for better management. These infections spread through occlusive foot wear, hot humid climate, malnutrition, endocrinal disorders like Cushing syndrome.Methods: The present study was a prospective study conducted on individual patients who visited DVL department of Malla Reddy Medical College for women, Suraram, Hyderabad in the Telangana state between 23/11/2015 to 22/3/2016.Results: Males were more than females. Maximum patients were seen in the age group of 21-30 years. Very few cases were seen above the age of 60 years. Maximum cases presented with T. corporis followed by T. cruris. Five cases had more than one type of Tinea. Maximum cases were KOH positive. 26.3% of cases were culture positive. 17.5% of cases were both KOH and culture positive Maximum i.e. 70.2% of cases were treated with miconazole followed by clotrimazole in 10.5% of cases Maximum cases were treated with terbinafine in 56.14% of cases followed by itraconazole in 12.3% of cases.Conclusions: This study provides an incidence of T. corporis with male predominance of cases and responding well to the standard therapeutic line of management along with proper personal counseling about the lifestyle modifications in a tertiary care hospital

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PERCENTAGE PURITY AND COST OF SOME GENERIC AND BRANDED MARKETED TABLETS OF DIFFERENT CLASSES M.Gayathri Devi*, M.Savitri, P.Uma Devi, P.V.Madhavi Latha, B. Nagamani, G.Anand Rao, R.Triveni, Y.Krishnaveni

The present work describes about the comparative study of percentage purity and cost of some generic and branded marketed tablets of different categories like Anti-diabetic , Diuretic, Anti-pyretic and Vitamin B formulations. Branded formulations are at high cost, so that the poor can’t afford them. Therapeutic efficacy of Generics is almost identical to that of branded drugs. But one of the major differences is Generics are 80% cheaper on average when compared to branded drugs. In fact FDA estimates that 50% of generic drug production is by brand-name companies. So the consumption of generic and branded medicines depends on this un-popularized fact. Therefore the generic drugs of various pharmaceutical companies are sold at low cost .The present study is about comparison of Percentage purity and cost of the different generics and branded formulations. Our experimental results of generic and branded tablets were compared by statistical analysis which gave an important conclusion that the percentage purity of both generic and branded drugs are similar whereas the cost of branded drugs is more. Key Words: Branded drugs, Generic drugs, Percentage purity, T-value

The DistilBERT Model: A Promising Approach to Improve Machine Reading Comprehension Models

Machine Reading Comprehension (MRC) is a challenging task in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP), where a machine is required to read a given text passage and answer a set of questions based on it. This paper provides an overview of recent advances in MRC and highlights some of the key challenges and future directions of this research area. It also evaluates the performance of several baseline models on the dataset, evaluates the challenges that the dataset poses for existing MRC models, and introduces the DistilBERT model to improve the accuracy of the answer extraction process. The supervised paradigm for training machine reading and comprehension models represents a practical path forward for creating comprehensive natural language understanding systems. To enhance the DistilBERT basic model's functionality, we have experimented with a variety of question heads that differ in the number of layers, activation function, and general structure. DistilBERT is a model for question-resolution tasks that is successful and delivers state-of-the-art performance while requiring less computational resources than large models like BERT, according to the presented technique. We could enhance the model's functionality and obtain a better understanding of how the model functions by investigating other question head architectures. These findings could serve as a foundation for future study on how to make question-and-answer systems and other tasks connected to the processing of natural languages.&nbsp;&nbsp

Experimental investigation of Green Concrete

Currently, construction costs and sand shortages are increasing day by day. To combat this problem, sand in plastic form is partially replaced by other materials. Plastic waste is recycled in the form of new production materials that can be used as optional components of concrete, making it one of the best ways to deal with plastic waste. These techniques have also proven to be much more cost-effective than traditional methods. This paper proposes using plastic waste as random substitutes (10%, 20%, 30%) for natural river sand and testing for compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength and sustainability. purpose. With the amount of plastic used increasing day by day, the disposal of used plastic is a big problem. It was therefore concluded that sand must be replaced by plastic within 20 years so that the shortage of natural aggregates can be effectively dealt with and the used plastic are disposed effectively

ARE THE SIDE EFFECTS OF PARACETAMOL BOOSTED BY CAFFEINE??

Paracetamol (acetaminophen) with caffeine is a combination medicine indicated for the temporary relief of pain and discomfort associated with a number of conditions such as headache or muscle pain. Paracetamol has a narrow safety margin and there are number of risks associated with paracetamol. It is only safe and effective when used according to directions on OTC (Over- The-Counter) and Rx labelling. However, long-term use of paracetamol increases the risk of kidney and liver failure and makes people more vulnerable to high blood pressure and strokes.  Chronic or excessive administration of caffeine has been implicated in a range of dysfunctions involving the liver, renal system, gastrointestinal system, and musculature. A patient taking the combination of paracetamol with caffeine may be more likely to experience adverse effects than to get improved analgesia, compared with paracetamol alone. Keywords: Paracetamol, Caffeine, OTC, Hepatic ToxicityÂ

Growth characteristics in individuals with osteogenesis imperfecta in North America: results from a multicenter study.

PurposeOsteogenesis imperfecta (OI) predisposes people to recurrent fractures, bone deformities, and short stature. There is a lack of large-scale systematic studies that have investigated growth parameters in OI.MethodsUsing data from the Linked Clinical Research Centers, we compared height, growth velocity, weight, and body mass index (BMI) in 552 individuals with OI. Height, weight, and BMI were plotted on Centers for Disease Control and Prevention normative curves.ResultsIn children, the median z-scores for height in OI types I, III, and IV were -0.66, -6.91, and -2.79, respectively. Growth velocity was diminished in OI types III and IV. The median z-score for weight in children with OI type III was -4.55. The median z-scores for BMI in children with OI types I, III, and IV were 0.10, 0.91, and 0.67, respectively. Generalized linear model analyses demonstrated that the height z-score was positively correlated with the severity of the OI subtype (P &lt; 0.001), age, bisphosphonate use, and rodding (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionFrom the largest cohort of individuals with OI, we provide median values for height, weight, and BMI z-scores that can aid the evaluation of overall growth in the clinic setting. This study is an important first step in the generation of OI-specific growth curves

Increased RPA1 gene dosage affects genomic stability potentially contributing to 17p13.3 duplication syndrome

A novel microduplication syndrome involving various-sized contiguous duplications in 17p13.3 has recently been described, suggesting that increased copy number of genes in 17p13.3, particularly PAFAH1B1, is associated with clinical features including facial dysmorphism, developmental delay, and autism spectrum disorder. We have previously shown that patient-derived cell lines from individuals with haploinsufficiency of RPA1, a gene within 17p13.3, exhibit an impaired ATR-dependent DNA damage response (DDR). Here, we show that cell lines from patients with duplications specifically incorporating RPA1 exhibit a different although characteristic spectrum of DDR defects including abnormal S phase distribution, attenuated DNA double strand break (DSB)-induced RAD51 chromatin retention, elevated genomic instability, and increased sensitivity to DNA damaging agents. Using controlled conditional over-expression of RPA1 in a human model cell system, we also see attenuated DSB-induced RAD51 chromatin retention. Furthermore, we find that transient over-expression of RPA1 can impact on homologous recombination (HR) pathways following DSB formation, favouring engagement in aberrant forms of recombination and repair. Our data identifies unanticipated defects in the DDR associated with duplications in 17p13.3 in humans involving modest RPA1 over-expression

IMPACT OF OZONE CONCENTRATION ON OCEAN COLOUR RETRIEVALS FOR OCM-2

Ozone being an absorbing gas have a significant impact on OCM-2 bands 510&thinsp;nm, 555&thinsp;nm and 620&thinsp;nm which are using for retrieval of major geophysical parameters like Chlorophyll and suspended sediment concentrations. A study has been carried out to analyse the impact of Ozone concentration by ingesting near real time from OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument) on Aura instead of Climatology V2013 (2004–13) with a resolution of 1&thinsp;&times;&thinsp;1 deg for ocean colour retrievals from OCM-2 sensor using SeaWiFS Data Analysis System (SeaDAS). The spectral behaviour of Ozone transmittance has been studied for various bands of OCM-2 by using both Climatology and near real time inputs. We could observe maximum relative error percentage about 12&thinsp;% from Climatology to NRT in Ozone concentration and 0.28&thinsp;%, 0.66&thinsp;% and 0.72&thinsp;% of maximum mean relative error in ozone transmittance at 512&thinsp;nm, 557&thinsp;nm and 620&thinsp;nm. We calculated error budgets induced by ozone in remote sensing reflectance(/sr) where in we could observe mean relative error percentage of 0.52&thinsp;% in 491&thinsp;nm, 1.12&thinsp;% in 512&thinsp;nm and 4.28&thinsp;% 557&thinsp;nm a bands respectively