Modes of Foreign Entry under Asymmetric Information about Potential Technology Spillovers

This paper studies the effect of technology spillovers on the entry decision of a multinational enterprise into a foreign market. Two alternative entry modes for a foreign direct investment are considered: Greenfield investment versus acquisition. We find that with quantity competition a spillover makes acquisitions less attractive, while with price competition acquisitions become more attractive. Asymmetric information about potential spillovers always reduces the number of acquisitions independently of whether the host country or the entrant has private information. Interestingly, we find that asymmetric information always hurts the entrant, while it sometimes is in favor of the host country

Heavy and light roles: myosin in the morphogenesis of the heart

Myosin is an essential component of cardiac muscle, from the onset of cardiogenesis through to the adult heart. Although traditionally known for its role in energy transduction and force development, recent studies suggest that both myosin heavy-chain and myosin lightchain proteins are required for a correctly formed heart. Myosins are structural proteins that are not only expressed from early stages of heart development, but when mutated in humans they may give rise to congenital heart defects. This review will discuss the roles of myosin, specifically with regards to the developing heart. The expression of each myosin protein will be described, and the effects that altering expression has on the heart in embryogenesis in different animal models will be discussed. The human molecular genetics of the myosins will also be reviewed

STRUCTURE OF SinSi_{n} CLUSTER ANIONS: COMPARISON OF THEORY AND EXPERIMENT

$^{a}$A. A. Shvartsburg et al., J. Chem. Phys. 112 (2000)Author Institution: Universit\""at Konstanz; Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University; Department of Chemistry, York University; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of MinnesotaWe have measured photoelectron spectra for silicon cluster anions with up 50 atoms. For species with up to 20 atoms, the spectra have been compared with DFT simulations for a number of candidate low-energy $geometries.^{a}$ An excellent agreement with experiment specific to the lowest-energy $Si_{n}$ anion geometries (Fig. 1) validates the morphologies of medium-sized Si clusters based on the tricapped trigonal prism unit. HOMO-LUMO gaps do not decrease with increasing cluster size, but vary irregularly in the 1-2 eV range. The PES data for larger clusters with n $> 25$ reveal a peculiar electronic structure for $Si_{33}$ and $Si_{43}$ anions. [FIGURE

Fuel demand and car ownership modelling in India

Motorisation in Asia is soaring with rapid growth in incomes non-lin-early. Even though car ownership per 1,000 population is still low in countries like China, India or Indonesia, escalating number of cars is affected by GDP growth among other infrastructural factors in a non-linear manner. This quick growth in car ownership may represent a significant implication on road transport fuel demand. This paper forecasts the demand for road transport fuel in India. For this purpose, econometric models, based on time series data, are constructed as for a major factor affecting fuel demand in road transportation i.e. car ownership. Copyright 2007 Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries.