Agricultural land use and human presence around breeding sites increase stress-hormone levels and decrease body mass in barn owl nestlings.

Human activities can have a suite of positive and negative effects on animals and thus can affect various life history parameters. Human presence and agricultural practice can be perceived as stressors to which animals react with the secretion of glucocorticoids. The acute short-term secretion of glucocorticoids is considered beneficial and helps an animal to redirect energy and behaviour to cope with a critical situation. However, a long-term increase of glucocorticoids can impair e.g. growth and immune functions. We investigated how nestling barn owls (Tyto alba) are affected by the surrounding landscape and by human activities around their nest sites. We studied these effects on two response levels: (a) the physiological level of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, represented by baseline concentrations of corticosterone and the concentration attained by a standardized stressor; (b) fitness parameters: growth of the nestlings and breeding performance. Nestlings growing up in intensively cultivated areas showed increased baseline corticosterone levels late in the season and had an increased corticosterone release after a stressful event, while their body mass was decreased. Nestlings experiencing frequent anthropogenic disturbance had elevated baseline corticosterone levels, an increased corticosterone stress response and a lower body mass. Finally, breeding performance was better in structurally more diverse landscapes. In conclusion, anthropogenic disturbance affects offspring quality rather than quantity, whereas agricultural practices affect both life history traits

Pengaruh Model Kooperatif Tipe Make A-match Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada Materi Virus Di SMA

This study was particularly aimed to reveal the effect of cooperative model of Make A-Match to student's achievement in virus material of tenth grade student's of SMAN 1 Anjongan. The form of this study was a quasi-experimental. The design of this study was nonequivalent control group design. Data were collected from two classes; those are Xc class (experimental group) and XB class (control group). The sample was taken by intact group. The instrument of this study was multiple choice tests. The average of student's achievement of experiment group was 14,42, while the average of student's achievement of control group was 10,76. The Mann-Whitney U test was obtained Zcount (-4,20)< -Ztable (-1,96), it means that there was a different between student's achievement who taught using cooperative model of Make A-Match with student's achievement who taught using conventional model

सीपी संपदा परिरक्षण और प्रबंधन

कृपया पूरा लेखा पढ

Feasibility of integrated bivalve farming at Pallipuram in Vypeen Island, Cochin

The technologies for edible oyster and mussel farming have been developed by CMFRI in 1980's. In order to facilitate the transfer of technologies, several demonstration trials have been carried out at various locations to test the adaptability, ecofriendliness, economic viability and sustainability of these technologies

Detecting malaria sporozoites in live, field-collected mosquitoes

A method is described for identifying malaria-infected mosquitoes, without killing them or hampering their fitness. Individual mosquitoes were induced to salivate on coverslips, and sporozoites, deposited on the glass surface, were visualized by Giemsa staining. Of 21 mosquitoes found to contain sporozoites by salivary gland dissection, 13 had delivered sporozoites on coverslips. A positive correlation was found between the amount of saliva expelled and ejection of sporozoites, indicating that the sensitivity of the method may be increased by improving the probing behaviour of the mosquitoes. The procedure described may be suitable for selecting infected mosquitoes which are able to eject sporozoites during probing. Being applicable to wild Anopheles and to large numbers of mosquitoes, the method lends itself for use in field studies on malari

Detecting malaria sporozoites in live, field-collected mosquitoes

A method is described for identifying malaria-infected mosquitoes, without killing them or hampering their fitness. Individual mosquitoes were induced to salivate on coverslips, and sporozoites, deposited on the glass surface, were visualized by Giemsa staining. Of 21 mosquitoes found to contain sporozoites by salivary gland dissection, 13 had delivered sporozoites on coverslips. A positive correlation was found between the amount of saliva expelled and ejection of sporozoites, indicating that the sensitivity of the method may be increased by improving the probing behaviour of the mosquitoes. The procedure described may be suitable for selecting infected mosquitoes which are able to eject sporozoites during probing. Being applicable to wild Anopheles and to large numbers of mosquitoes, the method lends itself for use in field studies on malari

Bivalve resources of the Chettuva estuary, Kerala

Clams form a major exploited resource of Chettuva estuary. A rapid survey was carried out to assess the bivalve resource and potential stock. The estuary harbors an estimated standing stock of 378 t of bivalves; Meretrix casta is the dominant species (340 t) followed by Villorita cyprinoides (33.6 t). Aspects of conservation and management of bivalve fishery are detailed. The prospects for enhancing bivalve production from the estuary through relaying/ semi culture of clams and promoting mussel farming in the lower reaches of the estuary are discussed