Formulation of Decaffeinated Instant Coffee Effervescent Tablet

Decaffeinated coffee is an alternative for caffeine intollerant consumer as a safe and practical choice. However, since decaffeination process employ high temperature extraction, the coffee produced usually possesses inferior sensory qualities. This research was aimed to get an optimum formulation of effervescent coffee tablet that has good physical and sensory quality. In this research, effervescent coffee tablet was formulated with three different ratios of the decaffeinated instant coffee and effervescent reagent (citric acid and sodium bicarbonate), namely 1.5:1; 1:1; and 1:1.5 (w/w) weighed in 3 g per tablet serving. Sensory evaluation was carried out organoleptically in several criteria such as flavors, aromas, and colors on 40 mL, 80 mL, and 120 mL of the solution. Futher, physical quality evaluation was done by measuring its weight uniformity, hardness, friability, and run time which then calculated by statistic analytical method to decide the best formulation. Based on the result, the best formulation of effervescent coffee tablet was 1:1.5 (w/w) due to its shortest run time (4.2 minutes), good weight uniformity and hardness value, 1.16 ± 0.03 g/cm3 dan 6.7 ± 0.5 kg, respectively, while friability value was the smallest (2%) compared to other formulations. The brewing of this formulation in 40 mL water also had best sensory profiles in term of aroma, color and flavor

Potensi Pengembangan Padi Gogo Aromatik di Kecamatan Kutasari Kabupaten Purbalingga

Padi gogo aromatik merupakan teknologi yang dapat diterapkan petani dalam menanggulangi penurunan dan produktivitas padi di Kecamatan Kutasari. Selain itu, diperlukan perencanaan dan pengendalian secara terarah dan sistematis terhadap komoditas padi gogo aromatik, dan perlunya kebijakan untuk pengembangannya di Kecamatan Kutasari. Hal ini dapat dilakukan sebagai USAha dalam mendukung Desa Mandiri Pangan yang sudah dijalankan Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Purbalingga lewat Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah. Berdasarkan latar belakang di atas, maka tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui: 1) distribusi (penyebaran) padi gogo aromatik di Kecamatan Kutasari Kabupaten Purbalingga; (2) surplus produksi atau pendapatan basis komoditas padi gogo aromatik di Kecamatan Kutasari Kabupaten Purbalingga; (3) pertumbuhan basis padi gogo aromatik di Kecamatan Kutasari Kabupaten Purbalingga. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: 1) setiap kecamatan di Kabupaten Purbalingga memiliki potensi untuk ditanam tanaman pangan, namun kecamatan untuk komoditas basis tanaman padi gogo aromatik yang tertinggi hanya ada satu kecamatan, yaitu Kecamatan Kutasari; 2) komoditas basis tanaman padi gogo aromatik lokalisasinya cenderung menyebar pada Kecamatan Kutasari karena hanya satu kecamatan itu yang nilainya positif dan tidak satu pun kecamatan yang melakukan spesialisasi pada komoditas tanaman padi gogo aromatik di kecamatan tersebut; dan 3) hanya ada satu kecamatan yang mengalami pertumbuhan pesat dan pertumbuhan yang progresif dari sembilan kecamatan yang berpotensi untuk komoditas tanaman tanaman padi gogo, yaitu Kecamatan Kutasari

Profil Pengembangan Dan Kebijakan Pembangunan Sektor Pertanian Di Kabupaten Purbalingga Jawa Tengah (Tinjauan Pada Pengembangan Komoditas Jagung)profile of Policy and Agriculture Development in Purbalingga Regency Central Java(the Study on Development of Corn)

Pembangunan wilayah melalui pendekatan sektor pertanian harus mampu memanfaatkan keunggulan komparatif dari setiap wilayah yang berbeda, sehingga mampu memberikan dampak ekonomi pada wilayah tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi komoditas jagung di Kabupaten Purbalingga, seberapa besar tingkat konsentrasi dan spesialisasi, wilayah yang mengalami pertumbuhan dan punya daya saing baik, dampak kebijakan pemerintah pada pengembangan jagung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1.a). Wilayah yang mempunyai potensi komoditas basis jagung adalah Kecamatan Karangreja, Mrebet, Kertanegara, Karanganyar, Kutasari, Padamara, Pengadegan, Bojongsari, dan Purbalingga. b). Komoditas basis cenderung menyebar tidak merata dan tidak ada satu pun wilayah yang melakukan konsentrasi dan spesialisasi, c) Ada kecenderungan Kecamatan Bojongsari, Kutasari, Mrebet, Karangreja, dan Karangmoncol yang memiliki pertumbuhan dan daya saing yang baik untuk USAhatani jagung dibanding dengan wilayah lain. 2. a). Tidak terdapat cukup alasan untuk menyatakan bahwa dampak kebijakan pemerintah melindungi petani jagung dengan melakukan proteksi terhadap harga input tradable (input yang diperdagangkan Internasional). b). Secara finansial dan ekonomi, petani lebih efisien menggunakan sumberdaya domestik untuk USAhatani jagung. c). Tidak terdapat kebijakan pemerintah yang cukup signifikan yang menyebabkan harga finansial lebih rendah dari pada harga sosial, sehingga petani menerima harga lebih rendah sebesar 79 persen dari harga yang seharusnya diterima. d). Dampak kebijakan pemerintah secara total telah terjadi disincentive, sehingga ada indikasi bahwa tidak terdapat kebijakan pemerintah yang bersifat melindungi petani terhadap harga output maupun subsidi input, surplus produsen berkurang, karena terjadi pengalihan laba USAha kepada masyarakat. Disarankan kebijakan pengembangan harus diarahkan dan memperhatikan pemanfaatan sektor basis ekonomi potensial dan sektor yang menyediakan masukan maupun sektor yang memanfaatkan lebih lanjut produk dari sektor basis tersebut

Generator Magnet Permanen Sebagai Pembangkit Listrik Putaran Rendah

Development renewable energy as electrical energy need to be followed by provision of low speed generator, especially for small-scale use of alternative energy. This study discusses the design of low speed synchronous generator using permanent magnets for producing magnetic flux in the rotor. Stator coils are designed so that on the rotation of 500 rpm generator can produce 5 watts output power at 3 phase voltage 12 Vac

Behavioral and Environmental Determinants of Leptospirosis: A New Evidence from Klaten, Central Java Using a Path Analysis Model

Background: Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease that affects both humans and animals. Humans become infected through direct contact with the urine of infected animals or with a urine-contaminated environment. The bacteria enter the body through cuts or abrasions on the skin, or through the mucous membranes of the mouth, nose and eyes. Person-to-person transmission is rare. Leptospirosis a global public health issue, with an estimated annual incidence of 0.1 to 1 case/100,000 population in moderate non-endemic area, and 10 to 100 cases/100,000 population in humid and tropical endemic areas. Indonesia is the third country in the world with the highest Leptospirosis-attributable mortality. Its fatality rate ranged from 2.5% to 16.45% with an average of 7.1%. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors of Leptospirosis in Klaten, Central Java. Subjects and Method: This was a case control study conducted in Klaten, Central Java, from October to November, 2017. A sample of 49 Leptospirosis cases and 101 non-diseased controls were selected for this study by fixed disease sampling. The independent variable were employment status, history of cuts, history of water excursion, use of personal protective equipment (PPE), house condition, environmental condition, presence of mouse or cattle, history of rain or flood. The dependent variable was Leptospirosis. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis. Results: The determinants that increased the risk of Leptospirosis were history of cuts (b= 1.64; 95% CI= 0.40 to 2.87; p= 0.009), history of water excursion (b= 1.98; 95% CI = 0.52 to 3.43; p= 0.008), poor house condition (b= -1.92; 95% CI = -3.08 to -0.77; p= 0.001), and poor environmental condition (b= -2.35; 95% CI= -3.48 to -1.23; p<0.001). History of cuts increased with cattle-related work (b= 1.79; 95% CI = 0.86 to 2.72; p<0.001) and absence of PPE (b= -2.54; 95% CI= -3.49 to -1.60; p<0.001). Conclusion: The behavioral and environmental determinants that increase the risk of Leptospirosis are history of cuts, history of water excursion, poor house condition, and poor environmental condition. Keywords: determinants, behavioral, environmental, leptospirosi

Hubungan Beberapa Faktor Ibu Lansia dengan Pemanfaatan Pelayanan Kesehatan Reproduksi Lansia di Puskesmas Lebdosari Semarang Triwulan I Tahun 2016

Kesehatan reproduksi merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan lansia yang telah mendapat perhatian khusus secara global dalam ICPD tahun 1994. Oleh sebab itu, Indonesia mengadakan program kesehatan reproduksi lansia. Sampai saat ini, hanya 30% Puskesmas di seluruh Indonesia yang melakukan pelayanan koseling kesehatan reproduksi lansia, oleh sebab itu perlu adanya pelayanan kesehatan reproduksi lansia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan beberapa faktor ibu lansia dengan pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan reproduksi lansia. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian explanatory research dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Populasi adalah seluruh ibu lansia umur 60 tahun ke atas yang berkunjung di Puskesmas Lebdosari Semarang pada triwulan I tahun 2016 berjumlah 104 ibu lansia menggunakan teknik Simple Random Sampling dengan sampel diambil sebanyak 51 responden ibu lansia. Analisis data melalui analisis univariat dan analisis bivariat (analisis deskriptif menggunakan crosstab dan analisis analitik menggunakan uji korelasi Pearson dan korelasi Rank Spearman. Dari penelitian ini diperoleh hasil bahwa ada hubungan pengetahuan ibu lansia (p value = 0,007), kebutuhan seksualitas lansia (p value = 0,003), kebutuhan konseling kesehatan reproduksi lansia (p value = 0,035), dan tidak ada hubungan sikap ibu lansia (p value = 0,067) dengan pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan reproduksi lansia di Puskesmas Lebdosari Semarang triwulan I tahun 2016. Saran bagi Puskesmas Lebdosari Semarang melalui pendekatan kepada ibu lansia

Biopshychosocial and Economic Determinants of Personal Hygiene in The Prevention of Diarrheal Diseases in Sragen District, Central Java

Background: Poor environmental sanitation and personal hygiene have been shown to be associated with increased risk of diarrheal disease. Poor personal hygiene that is associated with an increased risk of diarrheal disease may be explained by the constructs of Health Belief Model, such as perceived susceptibility and perceived seriousness. This study aimed to examine biopshychosocial and economic determinants of personal hygiene in the prevention of diarrheal diseases. Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with case control design. This study was conducted at Mondokan, Gesi, and Sambungmacan Health Centers, Sragen District, Central java, from January to March, 2017. A sample of 150 subjects, consisting of 50 cases of diarrheal disease during the past month and 100 subjects without diarrheal disease, was selected in this study by purposive sampling. The dependent variable was prevention behavior of diarrheal disease. The independent variable included perceived susceptibility, seriousness, threat, benefit, barrier, cues to action, and self-efficacy. The data was collected using a pre-tested questionnaire, and analyzed by path analysis model. Results: There were positive, and statistically significant effects of perceived seriousness (b= 0.26; SE= 0.06; p= <0.001), threat (b= 0.29; SE= 0.06; p= <0.001), benefit (b= 0.21; SE= 0.06; p= <0.001), barrier (b= -0.12; SE= 0.08; p= 0.032), cues to action (b= 0.17; SE= 0.07; p= 0.003), and self-efficacy (b= 0.28; SE= 0.14; p= <0.001) on prevention behavior of diarrheal disease. There were positive, indirect, and statistically significant effect of perceived susceptibility (b= 0.55; SE= 0.06; p= <0.001), seriousness (b= 0.34; SE= 0.06; p= <0.001), and benefit (b= 0.12; SE= 0.07; p= 0.025) on prevention behavior of diarrheal disease, via perceived threat. Conclusion: Perceived seriousness, threat, benefit, barrier, cues to action, and self-efficacy, are direct determinants of prevention behavior of diarrheal disease. Perceived susceptibility, seriousness, and benefit, are indirect determinants of prevention behavior of diarrheal disease. Keywords: biopshychosocial, economy, personal hygiene, health belief mode

Path Analysis and Health Belief Model on the Association Between Education and Cadre Performance in Tuberculosis Control in Baki Community Health Center, Sukoharjo, Indonesia

Background: The new cases of tuberculosis in 2014 as many as 9.6 million. There are 6 million cases reported findings. The efforts to increase the number of case finding through cooperate community and community health workers. This study aimed to analyze the association of education and health belief model with a performance of cadres in tuberculosis control.Subjects and Method: This was an observational analytic with a cross sectional design. This was conducted in community health center of Baki, Sukoharjo, Indonesia, in April 2016. A total of sample was 90 subjects were selected by random sampling. The data collection used questionnaire. The data were analyzed using path analysis.Results: There was no relationship between education and the performance of cadres in tuberculosis control cases through the perception of vulnerability, perceived seriousness, perceived benefit, perceived barriers and self-efficacy. There was a direct positive relationship between the perception of vulnerability to the performance of cadres in tuberculosis control cases (b = 3.35; 95% CI= 1.43 to 5.27; p=0.001), seriousness (b=2.21; 95% CI=0.43 to 3.9; p = 0.015), benefits (b= 2.11; 95% CI= 0.42 to 3.80; p = 0.014), self-efficacy (b = 2.04; 95% CI= -0.01 to 4.09; p = 0.051), the impulse to act (b = 1.64; 95% CI= 0.06 to 3.22; p= 0.042) with the performance of cadres in the control of tuberculosis cases. There was a direct negative relationship between perceptions of barriers to the performance of cadres in tuberculosis control (b=-4.54; 95% CI= -7.56 to - 1.52); p = 0.003).Conclusion: There is indirect relationship between education and performance of cadres in tuberculosis control cases through the perception of vulnerability, seriousness, benefits, barrier and self-efficacy. There is a direct relationship between construct of health belief model with the performance of cadres in tuberculosis control cases.Keywords: path analysis, education, health belief model, the performance of cadres, tuberculosisCorrespondences: Dhian Nurayni. Sulistyo Ningrum. Faculty of Public Health, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. Email: [email protected] of Health Policy and Management (2016), 1(1): 38-43https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpm.2016.01.01.0

Kajian Tentang Aplikasi Augmented Reality Berbasis Marker

In this paper, marker detection and pose estimation algorithms are presented for Augmented Reality applications. This marker detection algorithm was designed specially for square-shaped marker. It consists of line detection, corner detection, and square-shaped detection. The pose estimation algorithm is used involving intrinsic and ecstrinsic paramater of camera. The position of a marker can be known from the ectrinsic parameter of camera which is translation and rotation. Translation and rotation ocurr in three coordinate axes, which is x,y,and z.The translation value can be obtained from the midpoint of the marker, and the rotation value can be calculated with rotation matrix. Several experiments have been conducted on various images and video sequences. The results of the experiments show that the algorithms can detect marker in various angles and estimate the pose well that the user of the application can interact with the object from digital world