Efisiensi Beberapa Substrat Dalam Pengujian Viabilitas Benih Berukuran Besar Dan Kecil (Efficiency of Several Substrates for Seed Viability Testing of Large and Small Seeds)

The quality of paper substrate for seed viability testing is determined mainly by the variety and amount of the papers. A study was conducted to find alternative paper and the optimum amount of paper for testing the viability of large and small seed with the rolled paper method. Two experiments were carried out at the Seed Science and Technology Laboratory, Bogor Agricultural University during April-September 2004 and July-December 2007. First experiment: large and small seeds represented by 5 plants (angled loofah, pumpkin, garden pea, bitter gourd, yam bean) and 7 plants (sorghum, cucumber, mungbean, soybean, horenzo, radish and wheat), respectively, were tested on 4 different paper substrates (straw, stencil, CD, and HVS) following the rolled paper method. Second experiment: large seeds of maize and ground nut, and small seeds of rice and mungbean were tested on paper substrates selected from the first experiment, straw, stencil, and CD, with different number of sheet, i.e. 2, 3, 4, and 5 sheets. Each plant seed was considered as an experiment and a randomized block design was applied to all experiments. The result indicated that for the large seeds, stencil and CD papers had equal and high similarity with the reference straw paper substrate, 100% and 80% for germination percentage and dry weight of normal seedlings, respectively. For the small seeds, only stencil paper showed high similarity for germination percentage variable, 86%, with the reference paper, whereas the other paper showed lower similarity, 57% for both CD and HVS papers. The second experiment showed that 2 sheets of straw, stencil or CD papers were enough for testing viability of large and small seeds to obtain germination percentage, but ground nut needs 4 sheets of straw paper. For vigor index variable, efficiency of substrate paper on large and small seeds varied from 2 to 4 sheets

Pengembangan Soal Tes Pilihan Ganda Kompetensi Sistem Starter Dan Pengisian Program Keahlian Teknik Mekanik Otomotif Kelas XII

This research aim to get the problem of tes of double helix of interest of systemof starter and admission filling owning good quality, through problem development ofpursuant to problem analysis qualitative and quantitative. Research method used bydescriptive method, this research there no sampel of because research conductedrepresent the good research population. Problem fulfilling conditions analyse qualitativeas well as after conducted by a quantitative analysis own the level of problem difficultyrange from 0,30 up to 0,70, different energy of bigger problem than 0,30, distraktorselected by 5% from entire competitor tes, and above reliabilitas problem 0,50. Problemconsistence of between tes 1 and tes 2 calculated by using formula of correlation ofproduct moment, if rhitung of bigger than rtabel with the level signifikansi 5% problem isconsistence. Problem of Tes of double helix to be made by a evaluation appliance oughtto be conducted by development of problem tes by analysis of problem item qualitativeand quantitatively before used to measure the achievement of result of learning student

Risiko Infeksi Cacing Usus pada Anak Sekolah Dasar Berdasarkan Ekosistem yang Berbeda di Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu Tahun 2009

Kecacingan umumnya masih menjadi permasalahan bagi negara berkembang terutama di daerah tropis seperti Indonesia karena prevalensinya yang cukup tinggi. Penularan cacing usus sangat erat kaitannya dengan kondisi higiene dan sanitasi lingkungan yang belum baik. Penelitian dengan desain cross sectional bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data kejadian infeksi cacing usus pada anak-anak di daerah perkotaan dan pedesaan di Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu melalui survei kecacingan pada anak usia Sekolah Dasar (SD). Pengumpulan sampel feses secara purposive sampling dilakukan di lima SD, tiga SD di Kecamatan Simpang Empat yang mewakili daerah perkotaan dan dua SD di Kecamatan Sungai Loban yang mewakili daerah pedesaan. Pemeriksaan sampel menggunakan metode pemeriksaan langsung dengan mikroskop untuk mengetahui sampel yang positif mengandung telur cacing. Data persentase infeksi cacing dan ekosistem disajikan dengan tabel 2x2 kemudian menggunakan uji Pearson Chi-Square serta mencantumkan Prevalence Ratio untuk mengetahui besaran risiko suatu pajanan berdasarkan ekosistem. Hasil menunjukkan dari 593 anak terdapat 49 orang yang terinfeksi cacing usus dari spesies Ascaris lumbricoides, dan merupakan kasus terbanyak baik di pedesaan maupun di perkotaan dibanding dengan kasus kecacingan lainnya. Risiko terinfeksi cacing pada anak pedesaan 1,2 kali lebih besar dibandingkan anak diwilayah perkotaan (PR=1,2; CI=0,415-1,340)

Etos Belajar Siswa Sekolah Di Daerah Pinggiran

Penelitian ini bertujuan ingin mengetahui dan menganalisis penyebab rendahnya etosbelajar siswa dari perspektif sosial budaya, dan menawarkan solusi yang efektif bagi upayameningkatkan etos belajar siswa di daerah pinggiran. Pilihan metode penelitian adalahmetode survei dan penelitian kancah (field research). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwaetos belajar siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas/Kejuruan (SMA/SMK) di daerah pinggiranternyata masih dalam kategori sedang cenderung rendah. Indikatornya adalah bahwadikalangan siswa sekolah pinggiran ditandai rendahnya minat baca, kurang menyukaitantangan atau rendahnya watak kompetitif, rendahnya kemandirian, tanggung jawabbelajar yang tidak tinggi. Letak teritorial cenderung memiliki hubungan signifikanterhadap rendahnya etos belajar siswa di sekolah pinggiran dan terdapat hubungan yangtidak linier antara persepsi positif terhadap belajar dengan praksis belajar di kalangansiswa sekolah daerah pinggira

Роль хламидийной инфекции в патологии человека

Освещены биологические свойства хламидий и вопросы эпидемиологии хламидийной инфекции. Показана ее большая распространенность, в том числе в Украине, и существенное патогенное влияние на здоровье мужчин, женщин и детей.Biological properties of Chlamydia and the problems of epidemiology of Chlamydia infection are featured. Its high frequency in many countries including Ukraine and considerable pathogenic influence on the health of men, women, and children are shown

Identifikasi Serkaria Fasciolopsis Buski Dengan PCR Untuk Konfirmasi Hospes Perantara Di Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara, Kalimantan Selatan, Indonesia

Fasciolopsiasis in Indonesia is endemic in Hulu Sungai Utara District, South Kalimantan. Problems in controlling this disease is to identify the snail that acts as an first intermediate host. Fasciolopsis buski intermediate host is determined by the presence of F. buski cercariae on the conch. Identification of cercariae using microscopic method can not ensure that was F. buski cercariae, so it is necessary to use a more accurate method. Therefore, the research aimed to identify F. buski cercariae using Polymerase Chain Reaction ( PCR ) to confirm the cercariae species and the first intermediate host snails of F. buski. Observational studies in the field and laboratory are conducted in March-December 2014. Snail samplings were taken place at Sungai Papuyu and Kalumpang Dalam villages. Cercariae PCR analysis was done at Molecular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Science-Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru. Our field collections found 6 snail genus: Pomacea, Bellamya, Indoplanorbis, Lymnaea, Gyraulus, and Melanoides. Three species of cercariae obtained by microscopic examination consisted of Echinostome cercariae in Lymnaea and Indoplanorbis snail, Brevifurcate-pharyngeate cercariae in Lymnaea snail, and Sulcatomicrocercous cercariae in Bellamya snail. PCR analysis showed positive result of F. buski on Echinostome cercariae samples found from Lymnaea and Indoplanorbis snail. This finding have confirmed that both snails were the first intermediate host of F. buski at our sampling sites