Fluctuation theorem for black-body radiation

The fluctuation theorem is verified for black-body radiation, provided the bunching of photons is taken into account appropriately.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Echo states for detailed fluctuation theorems

Detailed fluctuation theorems are statements about the probability distribution for the stochastic entropy production along a trajectory. It involves the consideration of a suitably transformed dynamics, such as the time reversed, the adjoint, or a combination of these. We identify specific, typically unique, initial conditions, called echo states, for which the final probability distribution of the transformed dynamics reproduces the initial distribution. In this case the detailed fluctuation theorems relate the stochastic entropy production of the direct process to that of the transformed one. We illustrate our results by an explicit analytical calculation and numerical simulations for a modulated two-state quantum dot.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures, published versio

Adsorption and desorption in confined geometries: a discrete hopping model

We study the adsorption and desorption kinetics of interacting particles moving on a one-dimensional lattice. Confinement is introduced by limiting the number of particles on a lattice site. Adsorption and desorption are found to proceed at different rates, and are strongly influenced by the concentration-dependent transport diffusion. Analytical solutions for the transport and self-diffusion are given for systems of length 1 and 2 and for a zero-range process. In the last situation the self- and transport diffusion can be calculated analytically for any length.Comment: Published in EPJ ST volume "Brownian Motion in Confined Geometries

Diffusion of interacting particles in discrete geometries

We evaluate the self-diffusion and transport diffusion of interacting particles in a discrete geometry consisting of a linear chain of cavities, with interactions within a cavity described by a free-energy function. Exact analytical expressions are obtained in the absence of correlations, showing that the self-diffusion can exceed the transport diffusion if the free-energy function is concave. The effect of correlations is elucidated by comparison with numerical results. Quantitative agreement is obtained with recent experimental data for diffusion in a nanoporous zeolitic imidazolate framework material, ZIF-8.Comment: 5 pages main text (3 figures); 9 pages supplemental material (2 figures). (minor changes, published version

Comment on "Generalized exclusion processes: Transport coefficients"

In a recent paper Arita et al. [Phys. Rev. E 90, 052108 (2014)] consider the transport properties of a class of generalized exclusion processes. Analytical expressions for the transport-diffusion coefficient are derived by ignoring correlations. It is claimed that these expressions become exact in the hydrodynamic limit. In this Comment, we point out that (i) the influence of correlations upon the diffusion does not vanish in the hydrodynamic limit, and (ii) the expressions for the self- and transport diffusion derived by Arita et al. are special cases of results derived in [Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 110601 (2013)].Comment: (citation added, published version

Fluctuation theorem for entropy production during effusion of a relativistic ideal gas

The probability distribution of the entropy production for the effusion of a relativistic ideal gas is calculated explicitly. This result is then extended to include particle and anti-particle pair production and annihilation. In both cases, the fluctuation theorem is verified.Comment: 6 pages, no figure

Higher signal harmonics, LISA's angular resolution, and dark energy

It is generally believed that the angular resolution of the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) for binary supermassive black holes (SMBH) will not be good enough to identify the host galaxy or galaxy cluster. This conclusion, based on using only the dominant harmonic of the binary SMBH signal, changes substantially when higher signal harmonics are included in assessing the parameter estimation problem. We show that in a subset of the source parameter space the angular resolution increases by more than a factor of 10, thereby making it possible for LISA to identify the host galaxy/galaxy cluster. Thus, LISA's observation of certain binary SMBH coalescence events could constrain the dark energy equation of state to within a few percent, comparable to the level expected from other dark energy missions.Comment: 15 pages, no figures. Final version to appear in Phys. Rev.

Natural hybridization between Populus nigra L. and P. x canadensis Moench. Hybrid offspring competes for niches along the Rhine river in the Netherlands

Black poplar (Populus nigra L.) is a major species for European riparian forests but its abundance has decreased over the decades due to human influences. For restoration of floodplain woodlands, the remaining black poplar stands may act as source population. A potential problem is that P. nigra and Populus deltoides have contributed to many interspecific hybrids, which have been planted in large numbers. As these Populus x canadensis clones have the possibility to intercross with wild P. nigra trees, their offspring could establish themselves along European rivers. In this study, we have sampled 44 poplar seedlings and young trees that occurred spontaneously along the Rhine river and its tributaries in the Netherlands. Along these rivers, only a few native P. nigra L. populations exist in combination with many planted cultivated P. x canadensis trees. By comparison to reference material from P. nigra, P. deltoides and P. x canadensis, species-specific AFLP bands and microsatellite alleles indicated that nearly half of the sampled trees were not pure P. nigra but progeny of natural hybridisation that had colonised the Rhine river banks. The posterior probability method as implemented in NewHybrids using microsatellite data was the superior method in establishing the most likely parentage. The results of this study indicate that offspring of hybrid cultivated poplars compete for the same ecological niche as native black poplars

Knelpunten in aquacultuur: enkele risicovolle aspecten van de vroege levensstadia van de vis = Bottlenecks in aquaculture: some risky aspects of early life stages of fish

Aquaculture is a fast growing sector. However, during larviculture and fish husbandry, many bottlenecks still occur. Many problems concern nutritional factors and can be avoided by a clear understanding of the development of the gastrointestinal system of the various fish species. Parameters, such as enterocyte height, the presence of enterocytic supranuclear vacuoles and ‘the point of no return’, can be used to monitor and prevent food deprivation. This information can also be used to compose a feeding regime with rotifers, Artemia and copepods