A Systematic Review of the Effects of Family Conflict: Focusing on Divorce, Infidelity, and Attachment Style

In this systematic review, I explored the topic of family conflict, focusing on the conflicts of infidelity and divorce, and how these conflicts affect attachment style. The literature review provided information showing that family conflicts may increase the likelihood of children committing at-risk behaviors, have negative impacts on attachment style, and may even influence the success of future relationships. Positive outcomes can also occur from family conflict such as leaving an abusive environment or gaining secure attachment figures such as a stable stepparent. A focused literature search found 25 articles and two books that provided information regarding the effects of family conflict in this area. This research showed that trust and stable friendships during conflict impact attachment style and mitigate against the potentially negative effects of family conflict. Another theme found throughout the research was that there are generational patterns of conflict and that children often learn their behaviors from the generations before. The research supported the theme that attachment style can change over time and that when conflict arises it is important to develop effective repair techniques when communicating with others such as romantic partners or children involved in the family conflict. Lastly, children and adults can be highly adaptive and resilient when experiencing family conflicts and that strength may decrease negative implications such as higher likelihood of relational struggles and patterns of negative conflict

A Systematic Review of the Effects of Family Conflict: Focusing on Divorce, Infidelity, and Attachment Style

In this systematic review, I explored the topic of family conflict, focusing on the conflicts of infidelity and divorce, and how these conflicts affect attachment style. The literature review provided information showing that family conflicts may increase the likelihood of children committing at-risk behaviors, have negative impacts on attachment style, and may even influence the success of future relationships. Positive outcomes can also occur from family conflict such as leaving an abusive environment or gaining secure attachment figures such as a stable stepparent. A focused literature search found 25 articles and two books that provided information regarding the effects of family conflict in this area. This research showed that trust and stable friendships during conflict impact attachment style and mitigate against the potentially negative effects of family conflict. Another theme found throughout the research was that there are generational patterns of conflict and that children often learn their behaviors from the generations before. The research supported the theme that attachment style can change over time and that when conflict arises it is important to develop effective repair techniques when communicating with others such as romantic partners or children involved in the family conflict. Lastly, children and adults can be highly adaptive and resilient when experiencing family conflicts and that strength may decrease negative implications such as higher likelihood of relational struggles and patterns of negative conflict

Energy conservation during remeshing in the analysis of dynamic fracture

The analysis of (dynamic) fracture often requires multiple changes to the discretisation during crack propagation. The state vector from the previous time step must then be transferred to provide the initial values of the next time step. A novel methodology based on a least‐squares fit is proposed for this mapping. The energy balance is taken as a constraint in the mapping, which results in a complete energy preservation. Apart from capturing the physics better, this also has advantages for numerical stability. To further improve the accuracy, Powell‐Sabin B‐splines, which are based on triangles, have been used for the discretisation. Since urn:x-wiley:nme:media:nme6142:nme6142-math-0001 continuity of the displacement field holds at crack tips for Powell‐Sabin B‐splines, the stresses at and around crack tips are captured much more accurately than when using elements with a standard Lagrangian interpolation, or with NURBS and T‐splines. The versatility and accuracy of the approach to simulate dynamic crack propagation are assessed in two case studies, featuring mode‐I and mixed‐mode crack propagation

Mental Imagery Follows Similar Cortical Reorganization as Perception: Intra-Modal and Cross-Modal Plasticity in Congenitally Blind

Cortical plasticity in congenitally blind individuals leads to cross-modal activation of the visual cortex and may lead to superior perceptual processing in the intact sensory domains. Although mental imagery is often defined as a quasi-perceptual experience, it is unknown whether it follows similar cortical reorganization as perception in blind individuals. In this study, we show that auditory versus tactile perception evokes similar intra-modal discriminative patterns in congenitally blind compared with sighted participants. These results indicate that cortical plasticity following visual deprivation does not influence broad intra-modal organization of auditory and tactile perception as measured by our task. Furthermore, not only the blind, but also the sighted participants showed cross-modal discriminative patterns for perception modality in the visual cortex. During mental imagery, both groups showed similar decoding accuracies for imagery modality in the intra-modal primary sensory cortices. However, no cross-modal discriminative information for imagery modality was found in early visual cortex of blind participants, in contrast to the sighted participants. We did find evidence of cross-modal activation of higher visual areas in blind participants, including the representation of specific-imagined auditory features in visual area V4

Virtual reality and the new psychophysics

Virtual reality (VR) promises methodological rigour with the extra benefit of allowing us to study the context‐dependent behaviour of individuals in their natural environment. Pan and Hamilton (2018, Br. J. Psychol.) provide a useful overview of methodological recommendations for using VR. Here, we highlight some other aspects of the use of VR. Our first argument is that VR can be useful by virtue of its differences from the normal perceptual environment. That is, by virtue of its relative non‐realism and poverty of its perceptual elements, it can actually offer increased clarity with respect to the features of interest for the researcher. Our second argument is that VR exerts its measurable influence more by eliciting an acceptance of the virtual world (i.e., ‘suspension of disbelief’) rather than by eliciting a true belief of the realism of the VR environment. We conclude by providing a novel suggestion for combining neuroimaging methods with embodied VR that relies on the suspension of disbelief

A stochastic network with mobile users in heavy traffic

We consider a stochastic network with mobile users in a heavy-traffic regime. We derive the scaling limit of the multi-dimensional queue length process and prove a form of spatial state space collapse. The proof exploits a recent result by Lambert and Simatos which provides a general principle to establish scaling limits of regenerative processes based on the convergence of their excursions. We also prove weak convergence of the sequences of stationary joint queue length distributions and stationary sojourn times.Comment: Final version accepted for publication in Queueing Systems, Theory and Application