INTERNET OF THINGS BASED SMART HELMET FOR ALERTING ACCIDENT

Abstract This article is about a smart helmet, a novel idea that increases the safety of motorcycle riding. In order to stop vehicles from starting while the driver is not wearing a helmet, this technique was developed. or is inebriated. Furthermore, with the help of a GPS GSM-based tracking system, it detects accidents and sends SMS notifications to particular persons showing the bike's location and speed just before the collision, assisting ambulances in arriving at the precise spot. We want to integrate all of the sensors into the helmet, which will wirelessly transmit data to the module attached to the bike engine. There will be two modules in this smart motorcycle helmet system with one helmet and one motorcycle. The bike module has a vibration sensor, GPS, and GSM, whilst the helmet module has an alcohol sensor, a helmet sensor, and a switch. Both of these modules connect wirelessly using an Arduino as a microcontroller and an RF transmitter and receiver with encoder and decoder

Functional gene delivery to and across brain vasculature of systemic AAVs with endothelial-specific tropism in rodents and broad tropism in primates

Delivering genes to and across the brain vasculature efficiently and specifically across species remains a critical challenge for addressing neurological diseases. We have evolved adeno-associated virus (AAV9) capsids into vectors that transduce brain endothelial cells specifically and efficiently following systemic administration in wild-type mice with diverse genetic backgrounds, and in rats. These AAVs also exhibit superior transduction of the CNS across non-human primates (marmosets and rhesus macaques), and in ex vivo human brain slices, although the endothelial tropism is not conserved across species. The capsid modifications translate from AAV9 to other serotypes such as AAV1 and AAV-DJ, enabling serotype switching for sequential AAV administration in mice. We demonstrate that the endothelial-specific mouse capsids can be used to genetically engineer the blood-brain barrier by transforming the mouse brain vasculature into a functional biofactory. We apply this approach to Hevin knockout mice, where AAV-X1-mediated ectopic expression of the synaptogenic protein Sparcl1/Hevin in brain endothelial cells rescued synaptic deficits

Functional gene delivery to and across brain vasculature of systemic AAVs with endothelial-specific tropism in rodents and broad tropism in primates

Delivering genes to and across the brain vasculature efficiently and specifically across species remains a critical challenge for addressing neurological diseases. We have evolved adeno-associated virus (AAV9) capsids into vectors that transduce brain endothelial cells specifically and efficiently following systemic administration in wild-type mice with diverse genetic backgrounds, and in rats. These AAVs also exhibit superior transduction of the CNS across non-human primates (marmosets and rhesus macaques), and in ex vivo human brain slices, although the endothelial tropism is not conserved across species. The capsid modifications translate from AAV9 to other serotypes such as AAV1 and AAV-DJ, enabling serotype switching for sequential AAV administration in mice. We demonstrate that the endothelial-specific mouse capsids can be used to genetically engineer the blood-brain barrier by transforming the mouse brain vasculature into a functional biofactory. We apply this approach to Hevin knockout mice, where AAV-X1-mediated ectopic expression of the synaptogenic protein Sparcl1/Hevin in brain endothelial cells rescued synaptic deficits

Proteome and Membrane Fatty Acid Analyses on Oligotropha carboxidovorans OM5 Grown under Chemolithoautotrophic and Heterotrophic Conditions

Oligotropha carboxidovorans OM5 T. (DSM 1227, ATCC 49405) is a chemolithoautotrophic bacterium able to utilize CO and H2 to derive energy for fixation of CO2. Thus, it is capable of growth using syngas, which is a mixture of varying amounts of CO and H2 generated by organic waste gasification. O. carboxidovorans is capable also of heterotrophic growth in standard bacteriologic media. Here we characterize how the O. carboxidovorans proteome adapts to different lifestyles of chemolithoautotrophy and heterotrophy. Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) analysis of O. carboxidovorans grown with acetate or with syngas showed that the bacterium changes membrane fatty acid composition. Quantitative shotgun proteomic analysis of O. carboxidovorans grown in the presence of acetate and syngas showed production of proteins encoded on the megaplasmid for assimilating CO and H2 as well as proteins encoded on the chromosome that might have contributed to fatty acid and acetate metabolism. We found that adaptation to chemolithoautotrophic growth involved adaptations in cell envelope, oxidative homeostasis, and metabolic pathways such as glyoxylate shunt and amino acid/cofactor biosynthetic enzymes

Minimal residual disease in Myeloma: Application for clinical care and new drug registration

The development of novel agents has transformed the treatment paradigm for multiple myeloma, with minimal residual disease (MRD) negativity now achievable across the entire disease spectrum. Bone marrow–based technologies to assess MRD, including approaches using next-generation flow and next-generation sequencing, have provided real-time clinical tools for the sensitive detection and monitoring of MRD in patients with multiple myeloma. Complementary liquid biopsy–based assays are now quickly progressing with some, such as mass spectrometry methods, being very close to clinical use, while others utilizing nucleic acid–based technologies are still developing and will prove important to further our understanding of the biology of MRD. On the regulatory front, multiple retrospective individual patient and clinical trial level meta-analyses have already shown and will continue to assess the potential of MRD as a surrogate for patient outcome. Given all this progress, it is not surprising that a number of clinicians are now considering using MRD to inform real-world clinical care of patients across the spectrum from smoldering myeloma to relapsed refractory multiple myeloma, with each disease setting presenting key challenges and questions that will need to be addressed through clinical trials. The pace of advances in targeted and immune therapies in multiple myeloma is unprecedented, and novel MRD-driven biomarker strategies are essential to accelerate innovative clinical trials leading to regulatory approval of novel treatments and continued improvement in patient outcomes

Genetic determinants of risk in pulmonary arterial hypertension: international genome-wide association studies and meta-analysis

Background Rare genetic variants cause pulmonary arterial hypertension, but the contribution of common genetic variation to disease risk and natural history is poorly characterised. We tested for genome-wide association for pulmonary arterial hypertension in large international cohorts and assessed the contribution of associated regions to outcomes. Methods We did two separate genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and a meta-analysis of pulmonary arterial hypertension. These GWAS used data from four international case-control studies across 11744 individuals with European ancestry (including 2085 patients). One GWAS used genotypes from 5895 whole-genome sequences and the other GWAS used genotyping array data from an additional 5849 individuals. Cross-validation of loci reaching genome-wide significance was sought by meta-analysis. Conditional analysis corrected for the most significant variants at each locus was used to resolve signals for multiple associations. We functionally annotated associated variants and tested associations with duration of survival. All-cause mortality was the primary endpoint in survival analyses. Findings A locus near SOX17 (rs10103692, odds ratio 1·80 [95% CI 1·55–2·08], p=5·13×10– ¹⁵) and a second locus in HLA-DPA1 and HLA-DPB1 (collectively referred to as HLA-DPA1/DPB1 here; rs2856830, 1·56 [1·42–1·71], p=7·65×10– ²⁰) within the class II MHC region were associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension. The SOX17 locus had two independent signals associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension (rs13266183, 1·36 [1·25–1·48], p=1·69×10– ¹²; and rs10103692). Functional and epigenomic data indicate that the risk variants near SOX17 alter gene regulation via an enhancer active in endothelial cells. Pulmonary arterial hypertension risk variants determined haplotype-specific enhancer activity, and CRISPR-mediated inhibition of the enhancer reduced SOX17 expression. The HLA-DPA1/DPB1 rs2856830 genotype was strongly associated with survival. Median survival from diagnosis in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension with the C/C homozygous genotype was double (13·50 years [95% CI 12·07 to >13·50]) that of those with the T/T genotype (6·97 years [6·02–8·05]), despite similar baseline disease severity. Interpretation This is the first study to report that common genetic variation at loci in an enhancer near SOX17 and in HLA-DPA1/DPB1 is associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Impairment of SOX17 function might be more common in pulmonary arterial hypertension than suggested by rare mutations in SOX17. Further studies are needed to confirm the association between HLA typing or rs2856830 genotyping and survival, and to determine whether HLA typing or rs2856830 genotyping improves risk stratification in clinical practice or trials. Funding UK NIHR, BHF, UK MRC, Dinosaur Trust, NIH/NHLBI, ERS, EMBO, Wellcome Trust, EU, AHA, ACClinPharm, Netherlands CVRI, Dutch Heart Foundation, Dutch Federation of UMC, Netherlands OHRD and RNAS, German DFG, German BMBF, APH Paris, INSERM, Université Paris-Sud, and French ANR

ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS OF JUTE FIBER REINFORCED WITH E-GLASS

A composite is a heterogeneous material created by the synthetic assembly of two or more components constituting reinforcing matrix and a compatible matrix to obtain specific characteristics and properties. In this project we Selected jute fiber, E- Glass and it is embedded in a primary resin matrix system (Thermosetting), the task of which is to hold the fibers together, this provides and stabilizes the shape of the composite structure, transmits the shear forces between the mechanically high-quality fibers, and protects them against radiation and other aggressive media and the specimen is prepared. The component is conditioned and prepared for testing and subjected to tensile test, hardness, water absorption and temperature at 1200C to determine the characteristics of the composite. The main aim of this project is to reduce the impact on the environment, by preparing specimen using recyclable natural fibers. The resulting fibers microstructures from water absorption and exposed to temperature are studied under SEM analysi

Analysis of Serum Sodium and Potassium Levels in Preeclampsia: An Institutional Based Study

Background: Preeclampsia is a syndrome characterized by hypertension, proteinuria and oedema. The present study was conducted to analyse Serum Sodium and Potassium Levels in Preeclampsia. Materials and Methods: It were a retrospective cross-sectional clinical study, carried out to analyse Serum Sodium and Potassium Levels in Preeclampsia. The results of 100 blood samples each of normotensives and preeclamptics women were included in the study. The measurement of serum sodium and potassium level was done. Statistical analysis was done. Results: In the present study results of 100 blood samples each of normotensives and preeclamptics women which came in the clinical lab for analyzing serum sodium and potassium levels over a period of 6 months were included in the study. The mean serum sodium levels in normotensives were 130.6mmol/l and in women with preeclampsia levels were 143.5mmol/l. The mean serum potassium levels in normotensives were 3.57 mmol/l and in women with preeclampsia levels were 2.67mmol/l. Conclusion: The present study concluded that the mean sodium levels were more in preeclampsia patients whereas the mean serum potassium levels were more in normotensives

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (rs4646994) and α ADDUCIN (rs4961) gene polymorphisms' study in primary spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage

Background : Primary spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (PSICH) is common in Asia and may have a genetic basis. Objective : To report the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and a ADDUCIN (ADD1) gene polymorphisms in patients with PSICH. Setting : Tertiary care teaching referral hospital. Patients and Methods : Study subjects included 104 patients with PSICH diagnosed by computed tomography (CT) brain scan and 198 controls. The vascular risk factors of stroke were noted. The location and size of the hematoma on CT scan were recorded. ACE (rs4646994) and a ADDUCIN (rs4961) gene polymorphisms were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The genotype and allele frequency were compared between patients and controls and within the PSICH group. Results : The median age of the PSICH group was 58 years, 17 (16.3%) patients were aged above 70 years and 40 (38%) were females. Ninety-three (91.2%) patients were hypertensive and 17 (16.5%) were diabetic. Hematoma was putaminal in 88 (84.5%), pontine in 5 (4.9%), cerebellar in 2 (1.9%), lobar in seven (6.8%) and multiple and primary intraventricular in one (1%) patient each. In the patients with PSICH, ACE DD genotype was present in 44 (42.8%) and ID in 40 (38.4%) whereas in controls these were 22 (11.1%) and 103 (52%) respectively. ADD1- WW genotype was found in two patients (1.9%), and GW in 44 patients (42.7%). In the controls these were found in nine (4.5%) and 65 (32.8%) respectively. DD genotype had 7.4 times higher risk of PSICH. ADD1 variant genotypes were not associated with increased risk but in association with ACE DD genotype resulted in significantly higher risk of PSICH. ACE and ADD1 variant genotypes were associated with nonlobar hematoma. Conclusion : ACE DD genotype in isolation or in combination with ADD1 GW genotype is associated with PSICH, especially nonlobar hematoma

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Not AvailableThe present study aimed to develop bioactive edible coating (BEC) solutions from gelatin and chitosan,incorporated with different concentrations of clove oil as a natural preservative and evaluate their effect on shelf life of tuna fillets. The antibacterial activity against 11 fish spoilage and fish-borne bacteria were tested by agar well diffusion method, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Gram positive bacteria were more susceptible than gram negative bacteria. Among all the tested bacteria, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus were most sensitive to BEC solutions. The tuna fillets were dipped in BEC solutions with different concentrations viz., 1%Acetic acid, 1% Chitosan (C), 1% Gelatin + 1% Clove oil (GC), 1% Chitosan + 1% Clove oil (CC), 1%Gelatin + 1% Chitosan + 1% Clove oil (GCC) and changes in APC, TBARS, TVB-N and sensory values were studied during storage under refrigerated condition (4°C). The fillets without dip treatment was considered as control. Dip treatment of BEC solutions significantly delayed the rate of microbials poilage and extended the shelf life of tuna fillets by six days during refrigerated storage. Solutions incorporated with clove oil, especially fillets treated with 1% gelatin + 1% chitosan + 1% clove oil (GCC)solution had better in-vitro antimicrobial properties and showed excellent preservative action on tuna fillets. The BEC solutions incorporated with clove oil demonstrated its potential as an excellent natural antibacterial agent which can be used as an effective alternative to synthetic antibacterial agents and could be used for packaging of tuna and other fishery products.Not Availabl