Verbal Response Modes in Action:Microrelationships as the Building Blocks of Relationship Role Dimensions

Dimensions of interpersonal relationships, such as attentiveness, directiveness, and presumptuousness, have typically been assessed through impressionistic ratings or by aggregate scores derived from coding of specific (e.g., verbal) behaviors. However, the meanings of these dimensions rest on the interpersonal microrelationships that are actually observed by the raters or coders. In this qualitative study, the way these global relationship qualities were built from microrelationships at the utterance level was examined in passages from one medical interaction. Applications of microrelationships to future communications research are suggested

Recent insights into the role of NF-kappaB in ovarian carcinogenesis

The NF-κBs are a family of ubiquitously expressed transcription factors that have been described to be responsible for the establishment of an inflammatory response. Studies in the past decade have also demonstrated this family's role in the initiation and progression of hematological and solid tumors. Recently, research has uncovered a specific role for NF-κBs in the development and maintenance of ovarian cancer

The Rise of Police Unions on the Back of the Black Freedom Movement

Police unions have garnered the attention of the media and some scholars in recent years. That attention has often focused on exploring the seemingly inexplicable power of police unions to shield problem officers from accountability as a matter of routine. This paper aims to explain that police union power did not surreptitiously arrive on the doorsteps of American cities. Instead, collective bargaining rights for law enforcement began to gain firm footing during the 1960s when the majority of white Americans were firmly committed to the preservations of their place in the nation’s racial hierarchy as it related to housing, jobs, education and entertainment. Existing legal scholarship has successfully highlighted the depth and breadth of modern-day union contracts and the undemocratic manner by which problematic provisions within those contracts have been negotiated. This article adds to that research by explaining how the social and political interests of both the electors and the elected merged with the demands of officers sworn to protect their specific interests. Law enforcement served as the first line of attack against efforts to free Black communities from police abuses during the 1960s. Police organizations amassed political power during their fight against Black liberation that netted them collective bargaining rights and secured mayoral seats for “law and order” candidates during the 1960s demonstrated America’s deep commitment to unchecked police violence. In short, police unions have effectively accomplished their aim. As such, the solution to the centuries-old problem of police brutality resides with those who have been historically served and relatively unharmed by the violence

The Supreme Court and the Illegitimacy of Lawless Fourth Amendment Policing

For more than half a century, documented police brutality has affected communities of color and the American legal system has largely failed to address it. Beginning with Rizzo v. Goode, Supreme Court decisions have allowed local police departments nearly unlimited discretion in their policies and practices. That decision and others demonstrate that the Supreme Court is misaligned with governmental initiated reforms. The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994, which allows the U.S. Attorney General and the U.S. Department of Justice (“DOJ”) to investigate law enforcement agencies’ practices and seek injunctive relief against agencies found to have engaged in unconstitutional policing, has more adequately addressed the problem. The legislation has resulted in nearly seventy local law enforcement investigations, which in turn have resulted in forty consent decrees. While the DOJ has made progress in its attempts to combat police brutality, the Supreme Court is misaligned with its efforts in three significant ways. First, the Court’s prevailing Fourth Amendment stop, search, and arrest analysis encourages rule or policy violations and law breaking by police officers. Second, despite the Court’s permissive response to officers who disregard departmental policies and local law, many law enforcement agencies have engaged in DOJ-initiated reform processes. Finally, the Court disregards the impact that arbitrary and discriminatory policing has on the ability of police departments to perform their jobs effectively while police experts and departments are focused on building legitimacy with marginalized communities. The dangers posed by this misalignment threaten the progress that DOJ initiated reforms strive to make

Extraocular Muscle Imbalance and Outcomes of Scleral Buckling Surgery for Primary Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment

Objective: The objective was to study the muscle imbalance, restrictive motility in unlike gazes and the outcomes of the scleral buckling surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Study design: Prospective follow-up study Settings and duration: The study was conducted at Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital Rawalpindi from Aug 2015 to Jan 2016. Methodology: The patients were checked prior to surgery and two follow up visits were done afterwards. Thorough history was taken along with full orthoptic assessment and ocular motility in all four main gazes including elevation, depression, adduction and abduction. Vision, type and position of explants, site of detachment, and risk factors of detachment were also observed. Results: A total of 48 eyes of 46 patients were taken. Mean age of the study participants was 37.16±20.37 years. Horizontal, vertical and combined deviations were observed in study population. Exo deviation was most common deviation among patients. Most reported risk factors of retinal detachment included trauma, pseudophakia, aphakia and myopia. Motility limitations of all four gazes was observed and it was found out that after buckling the squint and restriction is been increased up till two months. Conclusion: Ocular restriction among the patients was observed over a period of 2 months and it depicted that encircling with sclera buckling elicited an increase in restrictive ocular motility from pre-operative to 1 week and 2 months after surgery

Tribute to Judy Lipton

Tribute to Judy Lipto

An Effective Technique for Removal of Facial Dupilcation by SBFA

Search based face annotation (SBFA) is an effective technique to annotate the weakly labeled facial images that are freely available on World Wide Web. The main objective of search based face annotation is to assign correct name labels to given query facial image. One difficult drawback for search based face annotation theme is how to effectively perform annotation by exploiting the list of most similar facial pictures and their weak labels that square measure typically droning and incomplete. To tackle this drawback, we tend to propose a good unattended label refinement (URL) approach for purification the labels of web facial pictures exploitation machine learning technique. We tend to formulate the educational drawback as a gibbose improvement and develop effective improvement algorithms to resolve the large scale learning task expeditiously. To additional speed up the projected theme, we also proposed clustering based approximation algorithmic program which may improve quantify ability significantly. We have conducted an in depth set of empirical studies on a large scale net facial image test bed, within which encouraging results showed that the projected URL algorithms will considerably boost the performance of the promising SBFA theme. In future work we will use HAAR algorithm. HAAR is feature based method for face detection. HAAR features, integral images, recognized detection of features improve face detection in terms of speed and accuracy. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.150517

MEDICATION ADHERENCE IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS - A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the adherence of medications among type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. To evaluate adherence to therapy and study factors associated with non-adherence and adherence in patients with type II DM. Methods: A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted for 6 months in three hospitals. A total of 200 type II diabetic patients, who were on anti-diabetic drug therapy for at least 6 months, were enrolled. Blood glucose was measured and details of drug therapy were noted. Medication adherence was assessed using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale and adherence scores were calculated. Results: Only 15% had high medication adherence, while 24% had moderate and 61% had low medication adherence. Only 30% were having optimally controlled glycemic levels, whereas 70% were having uncontrolled glycemic levels. Medication adherence scores were lower (reflecting lower adherence) in type II patients with uncontrolled glycemic levels than those having optimally controlled glycemic levels, but this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Overall, medication adherence was low in type II diabetic patients. The study shows that to improve medication adherence, better counseling and health education of patients are required. Although several patients were adherent to therapy, adherent patients are more preferably to achieve glycemic control than nonadherent patients. Greater efforts are needed to facilitate diabetes self-management behaviors to improve patient outcomes

Fabrication of Demineralized Bone Matrix/Polycaprolactone Composites Using Large Area Projection Sintering (LAPS)

Cadaveric decellularized bone tissue is utilized as an allograft in many musculoskeletal surgical procedures. Typically, the allograft acts as a scaffold to guide tissue regeneration with superior biocompatibility relative to synthetic scaffolds. Traditionally these scaffolds are machined into the required dimensions and shapes. However, the geometrical simplicity and, in some cases, limited dimensions of the donated tissue restrict the use of allograft scaffolds. This could be overcome by additive manufacturing using granulated bone that is both decellularized and demineralized. In this study, the large area projection sintering (LAPS) method is evaluated as a fabrication method to build porous structures composed of granulated cortical bone bound by polycaprolactone (PCL). This additive manufacturing method utilizes visible light to selectively cure the deposited material layer-by-layer to create 3D geometry. First, the spreading behavior of the composite mixtures is evaluated and the conditions to attain improved powder bed density to fabricate the test specimens are determined. The tensile strength of the LAPS fabricated samples in both dry and hydrated states are determined and compared to the demineralized cancellous bone allograft and the heat treated demineralized-bone/PCL mixture in mold. The results indicated that the projection sintered composites of 45–55 wt %. Demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particulates produced strength comparable to processed and demineralized cancellous bone