Stabilization of carbon nanotubes by filling with inner tubes: An optical spectroscopy study on double-walled carbon nanotubes under hydrostatic pressure

The stabilization of carbon nanotubes via the filling with inner tubes is demonstrated by probing the optical transitions in double-walled carbon nanotube bundles under hydrostatic pressure with optical spectroscopy. Double-walled carbon nanotube films were prepared from fullerene peapods and characterized by HRTEM and optical spectroscopy. In comparison to single-walled carbon nanotubes, the pressure-induced redshifts of the optical transitions in the outer tubes are significantly smaller below $\sim$10 GPa, demonstrating the enhanced mechanical stability due to the inner tube already at low pressures. Anomalies at the critical pressure P$_d$$\approx$12 GPa signal the onset of the pressure-induced deformation of the tubular cross-sections. The value of P$_d$ is in very good agreement with theoretical predictions of the pressure-induced structural transitions in double-walled carbon nanotube bundles with similar average diameters.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures; to appear in Phys. Rev.

Factors Affecting the Farmer’s Response to the Development of Soybean Farming in East Java Indonesia

The research was conducted to find out (1) factors influencing farmer\u27s decision to cultivate soybean, and (2)the opportunity level of farmer response to soybean farming in Jember and Sampang. Research location was determined through purposive method and sampling conducted through simple random sampling method. Data analysis method used was logit regression model where the dependent variable (Y) was dummy variable with value of 1 (response) and 0 (non-response). Research result found G value of 130.198 (p-value = 0.0001) indicating that logistic regression model, as a whole, could explain farmers\u27 decision in their response to soybean farming. Factors influencing farmers\u27 response to soybean farming were acreage, education, income, and area status

Penegakan Hukum Pidana di Bidang Illegal Logging Bagi Kelestarian Lingkungan Hidup dan Upaya Penanggulangannya

Criminal Law Enforcement in the Field of Illegal Logging for environmental sustainability has not been completed properly, In fact the government was impressed as if keen to eradicate illegal logging, while the court would release him diligently. development of environmental law in Indonesia. Constraints, the Indonesian legal system is still associated with the pattern of claims with losses that are real. Future losses can not be applied in real terms, therefore losses are not yet occurred, is still a problems of law in Indonesia. Illegal logging is highly impact on the state of ecosystems in Indonesia. Logging provides a very adverse impact surrounding communities, and even the world community. Losses caused by forest destruction is not only the economic value of damage, loss of lung Indonesia and the world, global warming, will be followed by climate change such as increased rainfall in some parts of the world, catastrophic floods and landslides, but instead in another hemisphere experiencing a prolonged drought

GEDUNG PERTUNJUKAN DAN GALERI SENI SEMARANG

Kota Semarang adalah salah satu dari sepuluh kota terbesar di Indonesia yang juga ibukota provinsi jawa tengah,apabila dilihat dari jumlah penduduk kota semarang merupakan kota besar no 8, dengan jumlah penduduk 1.750.369 jiwa, hampir 303.839 diantaranya adalah kaum muda dengan rentang usia 15 –24 tahun, dengan jumlah penduduk kaum muda lebih dari 300 ribu jiwa kebutuhan akan hiburan,rekreasi dan interaksi sosial adalah hal yang penting di jaman kemajuan teknologi yang pesat,karena hal tersebut adalah hal – hal yang dibutuhkan untuk pengembangan diri mereka utamanya perkembangan jiwa sosial di dalam diri mereka, salah satu caranya adalah dengan mereka mengikuti berbagai kegiatan yang berbau seni terutama seni kontemporer. Seni Kontemporer adalah perkembangan seni yang terpengaruh dampak modernisasi dan digunakan sebagai istilah umum sejak istilah Contemporary Art berkembang di Barat sebagai produk seni yang dibuat sejak Perang Dunia II. Istilah ini berkembang di Indonesia seiring makin beragamnya teknik dan medium yang digunakan untuk memproduksi suatu karya seni, juga karena telah terjadi suatu percampuran antara praktik dari disiplin yang berbeda, pilihan artistik, dan pilihan presentasi karya yang tidak terikat batas-batas ruang dan waktu. Pada perkembangannya, istilah kontemporer bukan hanya merujuk pada seni patung. Seni lukis yang menggunakan aliran-aliran baru juga menggunakan istilah tersebut sebagai perwujudan dari ide dan kebaruan yang diangkat. Sejalan dengan kemajuan zaman, seni rupa kontemporer juga memunculkan beragam varian seni baru. Di antara seni tersebut antara lain seni lingkungan, seni pertunjukan, seni fotografi, seni arsitektur, dan seni video. Keberagaman dalam penggunakan teknik dan medium inilah yang kemudian menjadi daya tarik bagi seniman untuk mendalami seni kontemporer, terutama dikalangan anak muda. Namun perkembangan seni kontemporer di Kota Semarang secara kualitas dan kuantitas tidak didukung oleh sarana yang memadai. Sering kali produk dari seni konteporer berupa pertunjukkan diselenggarakan pada tempat yang fungsi utamanya bukan di peruntukkan untuk itu, seperti di selenggarakan di halaman gubernuran, stadion olah raga , ball room hotel dan masih banyak lagi. Saat ini menurutnya satu-satunya gedung yang representatif hanyalah Auditorium RRI pada kenyataannya gedung tersebut sering kali tidak digunakan karena masalah fasilitas yang kurang representative. Produk lain dari seni konteporer berupa pameran juga mengalami hal yang sama. Dan jika kita lihat lagi di Kota Semarang hanya terdapat satu galeri seni yang bergengsi, yakni Semarang Contemporary Art Gallery, itupun dengan kapasitas ruang yang kecil. Oleh karena itu Gedung Pertunjukan dan Galeri Seni Semarang (GRAHASANI) sebagai badan seni swasta yang bertujuan untuk mewadahi kebutuhan seniman untuk berekpresi dengan fasilitas yang lebih memadai, sebagai ruang berkumpul antara pegiat seni maupun khalayak umum, menyebarkan kekayaan artistik dan intelektual, dan apresiasi serta pendokumentasian kesenian dan kreativitas

Influence of Particle Size on Reduction Kinetics of Natural Lateritic Iron Ores

This work is to report a laboratory investigation on the influence of particle sizes on reduction behavior of natural lateritic iron ore with anthracite coal under isothermal condition. Themain minerals content of investigated ore were goethite = 62.8%, hematite = 18.3% and magnetite (Fe3O4) = 6.2% and other oxide minerals like alumina = 6.6%, silica = 4.5%, chromate = 3.3% and others. The ore and anthracite coal of -100, -200 and -500 µm size with mol ratio between iron oxide and carbon in the anthracite of 1 : 1.88 were mixed, pressed into a composite of 12 mm diameter and 20 mm long and heated isothermally at four different temperatures for various reduction times. The metallization is determined by the reduction temperature and time. Mostly, effective reduction temperatures were found to be 1100 oC resulted in the highest value of metallization of almost 96 %. The particle size seems has no significant influence on the metallization value at this reduction temperature. However, particle sizes influenced significantly the metallization for reduction temperatures of less than 1100 oC from which values of metallization increased with decreasing in particle sizes

Pengaruh Jamur Gliocladium SP. dan Bakteri Pseudomonas Fluorencens dalam Menekan Perkembangan Penyakit Layu Fusarium pada Tanaman Pisang Mas (Musa Paradisiaca L.) Hasil Kultur Invitro

The objective of the study is to determine the potence of natural agent, a mmushroom of Gliocladium sp. and bacterium Peudomonas fluorencens in resisting against the withering disease (Fusarium Oxysporum f.sp. Cubense) and their effect to the growth of the in-vitrocultured banana plant (Musa paradisiaca L). Thiswas conducted in the experimental farm of Agriculture Faculty, University of Muhammadiyah Purwokerto, in the period of June to December 2013.This research is a single experiment using Randomized Completely Block Design. The treatment was the administration of Gliocladium sp. In three different doses of 10 g/polybag (G1),20 g/ polybag (G2), 30 g/ polybag (G3), and the giving of Pseudomonas fluorencens inthree different dosage of10 ml/l water/ polybag (PF1),20 ml/l water/polybag (PF2) and 30 ml/l water/polybag(PF3) and one control group of no treatment (K0).Based on the result of data analysis, it is proved that the treatment of natural agents of Gliocladiumsp and Pseudomonas fluorencenshas induced the plants resistance against the withering disease of FusariumOxysporumf.sp. Cubense in the banana, as it is indicated bythe increase of phenol compounds, i.e. glychoseda, saponin, and thanin. However, the treatment has no significant effect on the plant growth either on their leaves or their stalk diameter

Kualitas Susu Kambing Perah Peranakan Ettawa yang Diberi Suplementasi Protein Terproteksi dalam Wafer Pakan Komplit Berbasis Limbah Agroindustri

The objectives of this research were to evaluate the effect of protected protein supplementation in complete feed wafer based on agroindustrial by-product on milk quality of Ettawa Crossbreed goat. This research were conducted from January to May 2012 at PT. Tossa Agro, Feed Technology Laboratorium and Feed Science Laboratorium of Animal Science and Agriculture Faculty of Diponegoro University, Semarang. The research used 15 Ettawa Crossbreed goat of first and second lactation with body weight 39,13±7,22 kg. The ration formulas consist of corn straw, corn cob, rice bran, peanut bark, dried cassava, wheat bran, dried coconut, molasses, calcit, starvit, salt, protected protein supplement Soyxyl and Go Pro. The studies were assigened by Block Randomized Design into 3 treatments and 5 groups. The treatments were level of protected protein supplementation in complete feed wafer consist of T0 (0%, as control), T1 (4%) and T2 (8%). The variables observed were milk quality (lactose, protein, fat and solid non fat) milk. The result of this study showed that the supplementation of protected protein significantly (p<0,05) increased the lactose, protein and fat milk, but had no significant effect on the solid non fat milk. It was concluded that protected protein supplementation into complete feed wafer based on agroindustrial by-product as Ettawa Crossbreed goat ration could be increased level of lactose, protein and fat milk. The best technology of protected protein supplementation in complete feed wafer were 8%