HEALTH COMMUNICATION ANALYSIS OF DOCTOR-PATIENT RELATIONSHIP AND PATIENTS’ HEALTH BEHAVIOUR IN SOUTH WEST NIGERIA

Communication in doctor-patient relationship has undergone a transition over time from doctor-dominance to patient-centred approach. Unfortunately, the patient-centred approach adopted today has not positively influenced the health behaviour of patients. For this, health communication scholars wonder if there is any difference between patient-centred and the doctor-dominance approach. The study adopted the descriptive survey research method, using two sets of questionnaires for data collection from patients and doctors. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 120 respondents for the study. Data collected were analyzed using frequency counts, percentages and chi-square technique. Communication in doctor-patient relationship had significant influence on patients’ follow-up appointments (χ2 = 112.867) and compliance to prescribed drugs (χ2 = 48.333).   Communication in doctor-patient   relationship had significant influence on patients’ choice of the hospital (χ2= 44.083) and  consumption of balanced or specific diet (χ2 = 61.350). Communication in doctor-patient relationship had significant influence on patients’ exercising regularly (χ2 =18.80).The study concluded that doctor-patient relationship in health communication influences patients’ health behaviour in South West Nigeria. It is therefore recommended that doctors should apply an integrated/ synergetic approach in communicating with their patients and that audience-specific social media platforms should be utilized to complement the doctor-patient communication for more effective result. &nbsp

Factors Influencing the Awareness and Utilization of Solanum Macrocarpon (Egg Plant) as a Medicinal Plant among Rural Farmers in Oyo State Nigeria

The study examined the awareness and utilization of solanum macrocarpon (eggplant) in Oyo State, Nigeria. A multi-stage random sampling technique was used to select 150 farmers in the state. Data were collected through a structured interview schedule and analyses using frequency counts percentages and chi-square. Among the respondents 71.3% are married, the mean household size was 5 persons, 92.0% were female, more than two-thirds (80.0%) of the respondents had formal education. The level of awareness of the nutritional and medicinal value of the plant was high. Sex, marital status, level of education, religion and age significantly associated with the respondents’ level of utilization of the cultivation practices @p 12鈮?/m:t>"> 0.05. The study recommended that better cultivation practices should be introduced to the farmers by extension personnel with a view to increasing production and farmer’s standard of living Keywords: Awareness, Utilization, solanum macrocarpon

The Powerful Triangle of Marketing Data, Managerial Judgment, and Marketing Management Support Systems

In this paper we conceptualize the impact of information technology on marketing decision-making. We argue that developments in information technology affect the performance of marketing decision-makers through different routes. Advances in information technology enhance the possibilities to collect data and to generate information for supporting marketing decision-making. Potentially, this will have a positive impact on decision-making performance. Managerial expertise will favor the transformation of data into market insights. However, as the cognitive capabilities of marketing managers are limited, increasing amounts of data may also increase the complexity of the decision-making context. In turn, increased complexity enhances the probability of biased decision processes (e.g., the inappropriate use of heuristics) thereby negatively affecting decision-making performance. Marketing management support systems, also being the result of advances in information technology, are tools that can help marketers to benefit from the data explosion. These systems are able to increase the value of data and, at the same time, make decision-makers less vulnerable to biased decision processes. Our analysis leads to the expectation that the combination of marketing data, managerial judgment, and marketing management support systems will be a powerful factor for improving marketing management. Implications of our analysis are discussed

The impact of the quality of a marketing decision support system: an experimental study

In this paper we present the results of an experimental study of the impact of the quality of a marketing decision support system (MDSS). The experiment was conducted in the MARKSTRAT environment. The quality of an MDSS was operationalized as the predictive precision of its simulation models. The results show that marketing decision-makers using a high-quality MDSS outperform marketing decision-makers using a medium-quality MDSS. The superior performance with the high-quality MDSS was obtained for both low and high time-pressure

Effectiviteit van markting management support systemen

Verhoogt het gebruik van marketing management support systemen de kwaliteit van marketingbeslissingen? En zo ja, onder welke omstandigheden? Aan de hand van een experimenteel laboratoriumonderzoek met het simulatiespel MARKSTRATonder 80 marketing managers en 160 studenten, kan de eerste vraag positief worden beantwoord. Omstandigheden als tijdsdruk, ervaring in het nemen van marketingbeslissingen en de analytische capaciteiten van de gebruikers vormen een belangrijk aandachtspunt als het gaat om de implementatie en de kostenlbaten-afweging bij de aanschaf van een systeem

Parametric and sensitivity analysis for a proposed filtered tailings storage facility in challenging topography

Parametric and sensitivity analyses were performed for a proposed filtered tail- ings storage facility in challenging topography from the Southern Peru region. The purpose was to identify elements which are likely to dictate performance and stability, and to understand the risk profile for the facility. The analyses were performed varying: foundation material physical and hydraulic properties, tailings physical and hydraulic properties, foundation configuration, seismicity, and staged construction. The physical properties of the foundation material were varied by changing the Mohr-Coulomb strength parameters c’ and φ’, whereas the hydraulic properties were varied by moving the groundwater table upwards or saturating a larger amount of the foundation material. A similar approach was adopted in order to vary the physical and hydraulic properties of the tailings. The foundation configuration was varied by hypothetically moving the starter buttress closer to the edge of steep slopes further downhill from the facility. Staged construction stability analyses were simulated by analyzing filtered tailings fill configurations, which followed the overall design slope but varied in height. All analyses presented herein were conducted for the most critical failure mode for each scenario. The results from these parametric analyses showed that the design of the facility was highly sensitive to tailings potential saturation. In the simulation scenarios, saturation of the tailings caused instability in both static and seismic conditions. This sensitivity to moisture conditions highlighted the importance of properly defining the unsaturated filtered tailings parameters and simulating water infiltration processes through the vadose zone.Fil: Preciado, H. F. AMEC S.A; Perú.Fil: Ale, J. AMEC S.A; Perú.Fil: Byler, B. AMEC Englewood; USA.Fil: Perez, F. AMEC S.A; Perú.Fil: Mejía, V. AMEC S.A; Perú.Fil: McIver, D. Minera IRL SA; Perú.Otras Ingeniería Civi

Improving expert forecasts in reliability. Application and evidence for structured elicitation protocols

Quantitative expert judgementsare used in reliability assessmentsto informcritically important decisions. Structured elicitation protocols have been advocated to improveexpert judgements, yet their application in reliability ischallenged by a lack of examples or evidence that they improve judgements. This paper aims to overcome these barriers. We present a case study where two world-leading protocols, the IDEA protocol and the Classical Model were combined and applied by the Australian Department of Defence for a reliability assessment. We assess the practicality of the methods, and the extent to which they improve judgements. The average expert was extremely overconfident, with 90% credible intervals containing the true realisation 36% of the time. However,steps contained inthe protocols substantially improvedjudgements. In particular, an equal weighted aggregation of individual judgements, and the inclusion ofa discussion phase and revised estimate helped to improve calibration, statistical accuracy and the Classical Model score. Further improvements in precision and information were made via performance weighted aggregation. This paper provides useful insights into the application of structured elicitation protocols for reliability andthe extent to which judgements are improved. The findings raise concerns about existing practices for utilising experts in reliability assessments and suggest greater adoption of structured protocols is warranted. We encourage the reliability community to further develop examples and insights

Estimating the prevalence of COPD in an African country:evidence from southern Nigeria

# BACKGROUND: Though several environmental and demographic factors would suggest a high burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in most African countries, there is insufficient country-level synthesis to guide public health policy. # METHODS: A systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Global Health and African Journals Online identified studies reporting the prevalence of COPD in Nigeria. We provided a detailed synthesis of study characteristics, and overall median and interquartile range (IQR) of COPD prevalence in Nigeria by case definitions (spirometry or non-spirometry). # RESULTS: Of 187 potential studies, eight studies (6 spirometry and 2 non-spirometry) including 4,234 Nigerians met the criteria. From spirometry assessment, which is relatively internally consistent, the median prevalence of COPD in Nigeria was 9.2% (interquartile range, IQR: 7.6–10.0), compared to a lower prevalence (5.1%, IQR: 2.2–15.4) from studies based on British Medical Research Council (BMRC) criteria or doctor’s diagnosis. The median prevalence of COPD was almost the same among rural (9.5%, IQR: 7.6–10.3) and urban dwellers (9.0%, IQR: 5.3–9.3) from spirometry studies. # CONCLUSIONS: A limited number of studies on COPD introduces imprecision in prevalence estimates and presents concerns on the level of response available across different parts of Nigeria, and indeed across many countries in sub-Saharan Africa

Neural Signals of Video Advertisement Liking:Insights into Psychological Processes and their Temporal Dynamics

What drives the liking of video advertisements? The authors analyzed neural signals during ad exposure from three functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data sets (113 participants from two countries watching 85 video ads) with automated meta-analytic decoding (Neurosynth). These brain-based measures of psychological processes—including perception and language (information processing), executive function and memory (cognitive functions), and social cognition and emotion (social-affective response)—predicted subsequent self-report ad liking, with emotion and memory being the earliest predictorsafter the first three seconds. Over the span of ad exposure, while the predictiveness of emotion peaked early and fell, that of social cognition had a peak-and-stable pattern, followed by a late peak of predictiveness in perception and executive function.At the aggregate level, neural signals—especially those associated with social-affective response—improved the prediction of out-of-sample ad liking compared with traditional anatomically based neuroimaging analysis and self-report liking. Finally, earlyonset social-affective response predicted population ad liking in a behavioral replication. Overall, this study helps delineate the psychological mechanisms underlying ad processing and ad liking and proposes a novel neuroscience-based approach for generating psychological insights and improving out-of-sample predictions