57,455 research outputs found
Transonic airfoil design for helicopter rotor applications
Despite the fact that the flow over a rotor blade is strongly influenced by locally three-dimensional and unsteady effects, practical experience has always demonstrated that substantial improvements in the aerodynamic performance can be gained by improving the steady two-dimensional charateristics of the airfoil(s) employed. The two phenomena known to have great impact on the overall rotor performance are: (1) retreating blade stall with the associated large pressure drag, and (2) compressibility effects on the advancing blade leading to shock formation and the associated wave drag and boundary-layer separation losses. It was concluded that: optimization routines are a powerful tool for finding solutions to multiple design point problems; the optimization process must be guided by the judicious choice of geometric and aerodynamic constraints; optimization routines should be appropriately coupled to viscous, not inviscid, transonic flow solvers; hybrid design procedures in conjunction with optimization routines represent the most efficient approach for rotor airfroil design; unsteady effects resulting in the delay of lift and moment stall should be modeled using simple empirical relations; and inflight optimization of aerodynamic loads (e.g., use of variable rate blowing, flaps, etc.) can satisfy any number of requirements at design and off-design conditions
The stability of solitons in biomembranes and nerves
We examine the stability of a class of solitons, obtained from a
generalization of the Boussinesq equation, which have been proposed to be
relevant for pulse propagation in biomembranes and nerves. These solitons are
found to be stable with respect to small amplitude fluctuations. They emerge
naturally from non-solitonic initial excitations and are robust in the presence
of dissipation.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure
Oscillations of a Bose-Einstein condensate rotating in a harmonic plus quartic trap
We study the normal modes of a two-dimensional rotating Bose-Einstein
condensate confined in a quadratic plus quartic trap. Hydrodynamic theory and
sum rules are used to derive analytical predictions for the collective
frequencies in the limit of high angular velocities, , where the vortex
lattice produced by the rotation exhibits an annular structure. We predict a
class of excitations with frequency in the rotating frame,
irrespective of the mode multipolarity , as well as a class of low energy
modes with frequency proportional to . The predictions are in good
agreement with results of numerical simulations based on the 2D
Gross-Pitaevskii equation. The same analysis is also carried out at even higher
angular velocities, where the system enters the giant vortex regime.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Spin-Statistics Violations in Superstring Theory
I describe how superstring theory may violate spin-statistics in an
experimentally observable manner. Reviewing the basics of superstring
interactions and how to utilize these to produce a statistical phase, I then
apply these ideas to two specific examples. The first is the case of heterotic
worldsheet linkings, whereby one small closed string momentarily enlarges
sufficiently to pass over another, producing such a statistical phase. The
second is the braneworld model with noncommutative geometry, whereby matter
composed of open strings may couple to a background in which spacetime
coordinates do not commute, modifying the field (anti)commutator algebra. I
conclude with ways to sharpen and experimentally test these exciting avenues to
possibly verify superstring theory.Comment: 18 pages, 3 figures; v2: references added and typos correcte
Investigation of light scattering in highly reflecting pigmented coatings. Volume 3 - Monte Carlo and other statistical investigations Final report, 1 May 1963 - 30 Sep. 1966
Monte Carlo methods, Mie theory, and random walk and screen models for predicting reflective properties of paint film
Quadrupole collective modes in trapped finite-temperature Bose-Einstein condensates
Finite temperature simulations are used to study quadrupole excitations of a
trapped Bose-Einstein condensate. We focus specifically on the m=0 mode, where
a long-standing theoretical problem has been to account for an anomalous
variation of the mode frequency with temperature. We explain this behavior in
terms of the excitation of two separate modes, corresponding to coupled motion
of the condensate and thermal cloud. The relative amplitudes of the modes
depends sensitively on the temperature and on the frequency of the harmonic
drive used to excite them. Good agreement with experiment is found for
appropriate drive frequencies.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Apparent Superluminal Behavior
The apparent superluminal propagation of electromagnetic signals seen in
recent experiments is shown to be the result of simple and robust properties of
relativistic field equations. Although the wave front of a signal passing
through a classically forbidden region can never move faster than light, an
attenuated replica of the signal is reproduced ``instantaneously'' on the other
side of the barrier. The reconstructed signal, causally connected to the
forerunner rather than the bulk of the input signal, appears to move through
the barrier faster than light.Comment: 8 pages, no figure
Elastic energy loss and longitudinal straggling of a hard jet
The elastic energy loss encountered by jets produced in deep-inelastic
scattering (DIS) off a large nucleus is studied in the collinear limit. In
close analogy to the case of (non-radiative) transverse momentum broadening,
which is dependent on the medium transport coefficient , a class of
medium enhanced higher twist operators which contribute to the non-radiative
loss of the forward light-cone momentum of the jet () are identified and
the leading correction in the limit of asymptotically high is isolated.
Based on these operator products, a new transport coefficient is
motivated which quantifies the energy loss per unit length encountered by the
hard jet. These operator products are then computed, explicitly, in the case of
a similar hard jet traversing a deconfined quark-gluon-plasma (QGP) in the
hard-thermal-loop (HTL) approximation. This is followed by an evaluation of
sub-leading contributions which are suppressed by the light-cone momentum
, which yields the longitudinal "straggling" i.e., a slight change in
light cone momentum due to the Brownian propagation through a medium with a
fluctuating color field.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure, Revtex
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