Развитиe преподавания семейной медицины в университетских программах

Department of Family Medicine, Nicolae Testemitanu State Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Congresul III al Medicilor de Familie din Republica Moldova, 17–18 mai, 2012, Chişinău, Republica Moldova, Conferinţa Naţională „Maladii bronhoobstructive la copii”, consacrată profesorului universitar, doctor habilitat Victor Gheţeul, 27 aprilie, Chişinău, Republica MoldovaIntroducere. Tendinţele actuale ale Strategiei naţionale de modernizare a Sistemului Ocrotirii Sănătăţii din Republică prevăd dezvoltarea continuă a sectorului de asistenţă medicală primară în baza specialităţii Medicina de familie. Una din priorităţile fundamentale ale întregii ţări este integrarea europeană. Instruirea universitară în Medicina de familie a fost iniţiată în anul universitar 2007-2008 pentru studenţii anului VI, Facultatea de Medicină. Reactualizarea a demarat în 2009 şi a intrat în vigoare din ianuarie 2010. Astfel, programele educaţionale în domeniul medicinii de familie la etapa universitară şi postuniversitară trebuie să fie concordate cu cerinţele europene şi internaţionale. Ţinând cont de specificul şi variabilitatea regională a asistenţei medicale primare pentru ţările din Europa, autorii programului s-au condus de Agenda Educaţională EURACT, urmând competenţele de bază pentru instruire. Material şi metode Modificarea curriculei universitare la disciplina Medicina de familie a fost realizată după expertizarea ei de către colaboratorii catedrei Medicină de Familie a USMF „Nicolae Testemiţanu” împreună cu echipa de experţi-consultanţi în reforme educaţionale din România în cadrul proiectului „Îmbunătăţirea Conţinutului Cursurilor de Educaţie a Medicilor de Familie, Managerilor Instituţiilor de Medicina Primară şi a Asistenţilor Medicilor de Familie din Republica Moldova”, realizat de Programul de Servicii de Sănătate şi Asistenţă Socială prin intermediul Centrului pentru Politici şi Servicii de Sănătate din Bucureşti, România. Rezultate Astfel, pe parcursul anului 2009 au fost revizuite: Programul de instruire universitar la disciplina Medicină de familie pentru studenţii anului V, facultatea Medicină, şi anului VI, facultatea Sănătate Publică; Programul de instruire prin rezidenţiat pentru toţi trei ani, la Specializarea Medicină de familie; 3 module din cadrul programului de Educaţie Medicală Continuă pentru medicii de familie. Toate aceste programe au fost recenzate şi aprobate în cadrul şedinţei catedrei Medicină de familie, şedinţei Comisiei Metodice de Profil Boli interne, şedinţei Consiliului Metodic Central al USMF “Nicolae Testemiţanu” şi de către Ministrul Sănătăţii din Republica Moldova. În cadrul revizuirii curriculum-ului universitar s-a urmărit scopul de a adapta programul de instruire la cerinţele educaţionale europene. Obiectivele le-au constituit: formarea conceptului despre specialitatea Medicină de familie şi familiarizarea cu particularităţile activităţii medicului de familie. A fost redusă ponderea orelor teoretice în favoarea practicii în oficiul medicului de familie, solicitat de către studenţii instruiţi în anii precedenţi. Astfel, durata cursului a crescut de la 10 la 15 zile, raportul teorie/practică de la 30% şi 70% în anul 2007 la 10% şi 90% respectiv în anul 2011. Metodele moderne interactive de predare au fost alese pentru aplicare în cadrul programului: prelegere interactivă, lecţie practică cu utilizarea studiului de caz, jocuri pe roluri, lucru în grupuri mici, lucru individual, discuţie plenară, observare clinică, completarea documentaţiei medicale. Metodele de evaluare au fost divizate în două modalităţi: curentă şi finală. Anul de studii 2010-2011 a fost marcat de trecerea instruirii studenţilor în domeniul medicinii de familie de la anul VI la anul V de studii. De la începutul implementării programului universitar au fost instruiţi în total 2203 studenţi, dintre care 909 studenţi – conform curriculum-ului revizuit şi adaptat. Concluzii În cadrul revizuirii programului de studii universitar a fost atins scopul de a ajusta curriculum-ul existent la cerinţele Agendei Educaţionale EURACT. Este necesară revizuirea sistematică a programului de studii universitar, cel puţin o dată la 5 ani pentru menţinerea conţinutului acestora la nivelul practicilor contemporane internaţionale şi implementării metodelor eficiente de instruire a competenţelor profesionale în specialitate

Sample (unprocessed) of the landslide susceptibility map of Romania corresponding to AU3c (the Moldavian Plateau)

The raster data represents a regional slide and flow susceptibility map obtained for Analysis Unit 3c (AU3c, i.e. the Moldavian Plateau). It was constructed in view of achieving a new regionally-differentiated national-scale landslide susceptibility map, in the context of the national RO-RISK project and by using a methodological approach following European guidelines. Its elaboration was based on a mixed statistic-heuristic approach in form of a Spatial Multi-Criteria Evaluation (SMCE) procedure integrating both landslide information and expert knowledge.THIS DATASET IS ARCHIVED AT DANS/EASY, BUT NOT ACCESSIBLE HERE. TO VIEW A LIST OF FILES AND ACCESS THE FILES IN THIS DATASET CLICK ON THE DOI-LINK ABOV

SNOWSTORM SPELLS OF JANUARY-FEBRUARY 2012: GENESIS, MANIFESTATION AND EFFECTS IN BUZĂU COUNTY LOWLAND

The year 2012 featured a high incidence of extreme climatic events, especially between January and August, with severe weather spells (waves of cold, snowstorm, ice rain, abundant rainfalls, heat waves and canicula). The amplitude, duration and intensity of four successive episodes of snowstorms (January 24 - February 15, 2012) affected large areas in the east and south of Romania, particularly the North Bărăgan Plain. This paper is aimed at assessing the general and local synoptic conditions associated with extreme snowstorm (wind speed, heavy snowfall and local snow accumulations), as well as severe local effects felt in the lowland area of Buzău County

Linking landslide susceptibility to sediment yield at regional scale: application to Romania

It is generally accepted that catchment sediment yield (SY, t km− 2 y− 1) can be strongly influenced by landsliding. Nevertheless, due to data requirements, only few studies investigated this effect at a regional scale. The objective of this study is therefore to explore the potential of a landslide susceptibility map for explaining the spatial variation of SY in Romania. We selected 133 catchments in Romania for which SY was measured during a period of at least 10 years. For each catchment, we derived a variety of proxies that potentially explain SY, including several indicators of landslide occurrence. The latter were derived from a published landslide susceptibility map. Results show that SY is significantly correlated with mean landslide susceptibility (r2 = 0.30). Estimates of average sheet and rill erosion rates showed a much weaker correlation with SY (r2 = 0.06). Further analyses showed that the strong correlation between SY and landslide susceptibility is mainly attributed to regional variations in lithology and seismicity. Especially the latter may play a crucial role in understanding denudation rates at regional scales, e.g. by facilitating the occurrence of landslides. Using landslide proxies that also account for sediment connectivity did not result in stronger correlations. Overall, our results show that landslide susceptibility maps can be a highly useful tool to predict SY at regional scales, provided that they incorporate all relevant factors. © 2016 Elsevier B.V

DRINKING WATER QUALITY IN WELLS FROM AN AREA AFFECTED BY FLOOD EVENTS: CASE STUDY OF CURVATURE SUB-CARPATHIANS, ROMANIA

The present study evaluates the chemical parameters (inorganic anions and metals) of drinking water of twenty-four wells and the presence of Escherichia coli in ten selected wells located in two villages from Buzau and Prahova Counties, in Curvature Sub-Carpathians, Romania, a rural area frequently affected by flood events. Water samples were collected in July 2014. Concerntrations of fluorides, nitrites, chlorides and phosphates were below the maximum allowable concentrations (MACs) for drinking water established by European legislation (Drinking Water Directive 98/83/CE) in all the analysed samples. Concentration of nitrates exceeded MAC (50 mg L-1) in five samples, while concentration of sulphates exceeded MAC (250 mg L-1) in two samples. Among the analysed metals, Mn exceeded MAC (50 μg L-1) in two samples, while Cu, Pb, Zn, Fe, Na, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni and As concentrations did not exceeded the corresponding MACs. E. coli (over 2000 UFC 100 mL-1) was found in six water samples. The results show that majority of the studied parameters were below the threshold limits, however in some of the studied wells the water was found to be contaminated both by some chemical pollutants and by E. coli, which prepresent a risk for local population health

A DATABASE DESIGN OF MAJOR PAST FLOOD EVENTS IN ROMANIA FROM NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL INVENTORIES

Floods are one of the most significant natural hazards in Romania, causing losses of human lives and important damages to buildings and infrastructure. Romania is recognized among the most flood prone European countries. This work was conducted in the framework of the VULMIN project, aiming to extract the available key indicators of major and historical flood events in Romania, as a basis for better understanding the patterns of socio-economic vulnerability to floods at regional and national scales and of the adaptive capacity of living areas along the main rivers of this country. The existing databases on flood records at global (e.g. EM-DAT International Disaster Database, Dartmouth Flood Observatory, GLIDE database) and national level (the preliminary flood risk assessment conducted within the framework of the EU Flood Directive), research projects (e.g. Hydrate, Danube Flood Risk) and the available literature have been explored to collect indicators of intensity, magnitude, extent and impacts associated to past major flood events recorded in Romania. Starting from the scientific and reporting needs, taking into account the reliable information found in the documented databases, the main attributes of floods and flash-floods events has been embedded into a proposed database to be developed in the project, which may be useful for further analyses related to hydrological changes associated to climate change