61 research outputs found
Nuclei embedded in an electron gas
The properties of nuclei embedded in an electron gas are studied within the
relativistic mean-field approach. These studies are relevant for nuclear
properties in astrophysical environments such as neutron-star crusts and
supernova explosions. The electron gas is treated as a constant background in
the Wigner-Seitz cell approximation. We investigate the stability of nuclei
with respect to alpha and beta decay. Furthermore, the influence of the
electronic background on spontaneous fission of heavy and superheavy nuclei is
analyzed. We find that the presence of the electrons leads to stabilizing
effects for both decay and spontaneous fission for high electron
densities. Furthermore, the screening effect shifts the proton dripline to more
proton-rich nuclei, and the stability line with respect to beta decay is
shifted to more neutron-rich nuclei. Implications for the creation and survival
of very heavy nuclear systems are discussed.Comment: 35 pages, latex+ep
Density distributions of superheavy nuclei
We employed the Skyrme-Hartree-Fock model to investigate the density
distributions and their dependence on nuclear shapes and isospins in the
superheavy mass region. Different Skyrme forces were used for the calculations
with a special comparison to the experimental data in Pb. The
ground-state deformations, nuclear radii, neutron skin thicknesses and
-decay energies were also calculated. Density distributions were
discussed with the calculations of single-particle wavefunctions and shell
fillings. Calculations show that deformations have considerable effects on the
density distributions, with a detailed discussion on the 120 nucleus.
Earlier predictions of remarkably low central density are not supported when
deformation is allowed for.Comment: 7 pages, 10 figure
Exploring the extended density-dependent Skyrme effective forces for normal and isospin-rich nuclei to neutron stars
We parameterize the recently proposed generalized Skyrme effective force
(GSEF) containing extended density dependence. The parameters of the GSEF are
determined by the fit to several properties of the normal and isospin-rich
nuclei. We also include in our fit a realistic equation of state for the pure
neutron matter up to high densities so that the resulting Skyrme parameters can
be suitably used to model the neutron star with the "canonical" mass (). For the appropriate comparison we generate a parameter set for the
standard Skyrme effective force (SSEF) using exactly the same set of the data
as employed to determine the parameters of the GSEF. We find that the GSEF
yields larger values for the neutron skin thickness which are closer to the
recent predictions based on the isospin diffusion data. The Skyrme parameters
so obtained are employed to compute the strength function for the isoscalar
giant monopole, dipole and quadrupole resonances. It is found that in the case
of GSEF, due to the the larger value of the nucleon effective mass the values
of centroid energies for the isoscalar giant resonances are in better agreement
with the corresponding experimental data in comparison to those obtained using
the SSEF. We also present results for some of the key properties associated
with the neutron star of "canonical" mass and for the one with the maximum
mass.Comment: 45pages, 16 figure
Nuclear signatures in high-harmonic generation from laser-driven muonic atoms
High-harmonic generation from muonic atoms exposed to intense laser fields is
considered. Our particular interest lies in effects arising from the finite
nuclear mass and size. We numerically perform a fully quantum mechanical
treatment of the muon-nucleus dynamics by employing modified soft-core and
hard-core potentials. It is shown that the position of the high-energy cutoff
of the harmonic spectrum depends on the nuclear mass, while the height of the
spectral plateau is sensitive to the nuclear radius. We also demonstrate that
-ray harmonics can be generated from muonic atoms in ultrastrong VUV
fields, which have potential to induce photo-nuclear reactions.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Comment on ``Structure of exotic nuclei and superheavy elements in a relativistic shell model''
A recent paper [M. Rashdan, Phys. Rev. C 63, 044303 (2001)] introduces the
new parameterization NL-RA1 of the relativistic mean-field model which is
claimed to give a better description of nuclear properties than earlier ones.
Using this model ^{298}114 is predicted to be a doubly-magic nucleus. As will
be shown in this comment these findings are to be doubted as they are obtained
with an unrealistic parameterization of the pairing interaction and neglecting
ground-state deformation.Comment: 2 pages REVTEX, 3 figures, submitted to comment section of Phys. Rev.
C. shortened and revised versio
Description of nuclear systems within the relativistic Hartree-Fock method with zero range self-interactions of the scalar field
An exact method is suggested to treat the nonlinear self-interactions (NLSI)
in the relativistic Hartree-Fock (RHF) approach for nuclear systems. We
consider here the NLSI constructed from the relativistic scalar nucleon
densities and including products of six and eight fermion fields. This type of
NLSI corresponds to the zero range limit of the standard cubic and quartic
self-interactions of the scalar field. The method to treat the NLSI uses the
Fierz transformation, which enables one to express the exchange (Fock)
components in terms of the direct (Hartree) ones. The method is applied to
nuclear matter and finite nuclei. It is shown that, in the RHF formalism, the
NLSI, which are explicitly isovector-independent, generate scalar, vector and
tensor nucleon self-energies strongly density-dependent. This strong isovector
structure of the self-energies is due to the exchange terms of the RHF method.
Calculations are carried out with a parametrization containing five free
parameters. The model allows a description of both types of systems compatible
with experimental data.Comment: 23 pages, 14 figures (v2: major quantitative changes
The two-proton shell gap in Sn isotopes
We present an analysis of two-proton shell gaps in Sn isotopes. As the
theoretical tool we use self-consistent mean-field models, namely the
relativistic mean-field model and the Skyrme-Hartree-Fock approach, both with
two different pairing forces, a delta interaction (DI) model and a
density-dependent delta interaction (DDDI). We investigate the influence of
nuclear deformation as well as collective correlations and find that both
effects contribute significantly. Moreover, we find a further significant
dependence on the pairing force used. The inclusion of deformation plus
correlation effects and the use of DDDI pairing provides agreement with the
data.Comment: gzipped tar archiv containing LaTeX source, bibliography file
(*.bbl), all figures as *.eps, and the style file
Superallowed Fermi transitions in RPA with a relativistic point-coupling energy functional
The self-consistent random phase approximation (RPA) approach with the
residual interaction derived from a relativistic point-coupling energy
functional is applied to evaluate the isospin symmetry-breaking corrections
{\delta}c for the 0+\to0+ superallowed Fermi transitions. With these {\delta}c
values, together with the available experimental ft values and the improved
radiative corrections, the unitarity of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM)
matrix is examined. Even with the consideration of uncertainty, the sum of
squared top-row elements has been shown to deviate from the unitarity condition
by 0.1% for all the employed relativistic energy functionals.Comment: 13 pages,2 figure
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