Az egyház mint egykori birtokos a magyar helységnevekben

The Church as a former possessor in Hungarian settlement names     The Church, a significant power in medieval Europe, has exerted a long-lasting influence on Hungarian place nomenclature. The author argues that ecclesiastical settlement names of the era aptly reflect the changes the Church had implemented in geographical surroundings (by erecting buildings for religious use) and in contemporary proprietary rights (by becoming a landowner) in the country. Based on data collected from a widely acclaimed Hungarian etymological dictionary of toponyms (FNESz.4), the paper describes historical settlement names, several of which are still in use today, referring to the possession of a clergyman or of a religious order with respect to their first appearance, their lexical, morphological and syntactic features, their semantics, their changes, and their cultural and historical importance

A differenciált angol településnevek korrelációs rendszeréről

On the correlation system of English differentiated settlement names The paper defines the term “place-name correlation” and discusses the typology of English habitation name correlations. Regarding the number and structure of the opposing name forms, the author differentiates potential correlations, correlations of two, three, and four or more elements. With respect to the semantic relationship of the distinctive additions in the correlations, each above category can be further divided into regular (including close, half-close and open) and irregular oppositions. The study also clarifies when these correlations were born, how and why they changed in the course of history, and what conclusions could be drawn about the range of human vision on the basis of their geographic distribution

Az Amerikai Egyesült Államok tagállamainak hivatalos és informális elnevezéseiről, a tagállamnevek magyar fordításáról

State names and state nicknames in the United States. The Hungarian translations of US state names This paper presents some general features of name giving processes adopted by Europeans arriving in the recently discovered New World in colonial times and soon after, laying special emphasis on naming practices (e.g. giving names in honour of royalty or other prominent personalities of the era; repeating names of other places; giving Christian-related, literary names; reflecting geographical, historical or scientific knowledge of the age in place-names; producing linguistically non-homogeneous geographical names) that were essentially different from those used in Europe for centuries to produce the basic place-name stock of the old continent. The author categorises official US state names according to their semantics (differentiating names indicating a geographical entity, a historical person, the Indian inhabitants, a geographic feature, a distant place, an important settlement and complex motivating factors relating to the states) and their language origins (distinguishing names of Indian, English, Spanish, French, Latin and Polynesian origin). US state nicknames are also described with respect to their function (e.g. actual nicknames, mottos, slogans), style (e.g. official, semi-official, non-official, common, frequent, rare, disused names) and motivation (e.g. names referring to the geographical features, the economic or political features, the history, the inhabitants and other features of the states). Translation operations adapted in creating the Hungarian equivalents of US state names are also observed in the paper

A helynév-standardizáció terminológiájáról

On the terminology of geographical names standardization     The first part of the paper presents (i) geographical names standardization as a sub-field of language standardization, (ii) the importance of geographical names standardization as explained in UNGEGN documents, and (iii) the similarities between geographical names standardization and the general practice of standardization. In the second part, the author describes the editing principles as well as the structure of the terminological glossary (Glossary of Terms for the Standardization of Geographical Names) and its supplement (Addendum for Glossary of Terms for the Standardization of Geographical Names) published by UNGEGN in 2002 and 2007, respectively. The author points out the need for a similar up-to-date standardization glossary in Hungarian, which may be integrated into a dictionary (or data base) of Hungarian onomastic terms to be compiled in the future

A magyar gyógynövények neveinek történeti-etimológiai szótára = Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian Herbs

A magyar gyógynövények neveinek történeti-etimológiai szótára 2004 és 2007 között készítettem el a A magyar gyógynövények neveinek történeti-etimológiai szótárát, a történeti növénynévanyagot Priszter Szaniszló botanikus azonosította. Arra törekedtem, hogy a feldolgozott gyógynövénynevek eredetét, létrejöttének okát lehetőség szerint megmagyarázzam, hogy bemutassam szótörténetüket, és hogy dokumentáljam a magyar növénytani nómenklatúra (nevezéktan) alakulását, fejlődését. A szótár gyógynövények magyar elnevezéseit tartalmazza. Feldolgoztam az ún. "hivatalosan elismert" gyógynövényeket (ezeket a Magyar Gyógyszerkönyv, a hazai drogszabványok és az engedélyezett gyógynövénydrogok jegyzéke alapján választottam ki), valamint számos "nem hivatalosan elismert" gyógynövényt a régi herbáriumokból és füveskönyvekből, amelyeket elsősorban a népi gyógyászat használ. A szótár szócikkeinek szerkezetét a történeti-etimológiai szótárak szerkesztési elveinek megfelelően alakítottam ki. Technikailag a TESz. és az EWUng. felépítését követtem: a magyar szótörténet (szóalakok, alakváltozatok, a jelentés), majd az etimológiai megjegyzések, a szócikket pedig rövid bibliográfia zárja. | Etymological dictionary of Hungarian herb names This project presents the results of OTKA research carried out in 2004?2007 in the form of a dictionary, entitled Etymological dictionary of Hungarian herb names. The aim of the dictionary is to present a special part of the Hungarian vocabulary (Hungarian names of herbs) which previously has not been summarized. The dictionary covers over 4000 vocabulary items (plant names), the definitions of headwords have all been carefully controlled by Szaniszló Priszter, the botanist. The words are arranged in alphabetical order and the information is grouped into entries. Technically, the entries set by TESz. and EWUng. are followed. The information for each entry is listed in the following order: the history of words, different formation of words, the language where the word was taken from, etymological notes, foreign synonyms and, if it could be identified, the language where the word originates from and a short bibliography. The research also gives a view of the system of Hungarian plant names and makes an attempt to create models for analyzing plant names