Effets de L’extrait Aqueux des Racines d’Hymenocardia acida (Euphorbiaceae) sur la Qualité du Sperme de Rats

Les racines d’Hymenocardia acida sont utilisées dans la médecine traditionnelle africaine pour traiter principalement la dysfonction érectile. La présente étude vise à évaluer les effets de l’extrait aqueux des racines d’ Hymencardia acida sur la qualité du sperme de rats. Les différents composés chimiques de l’extrait aqueux des racines d’Hymenocardia acida ont été identifiés par des réactions en tube décrites dans la pharmacopée africaine. Deux groupes de quinze rats traités pendant 30 et 60 jours ont été repartis chacun en lot témoin, lot traité à 500 mg/kg et lot traité à 1000 mg/kg de poids corporel. La densité, la motilité et la morphologie des spermatozoïdes ont été évaluées selon des méthodes standards. Le taux de testostérone et le tissu testiculaire ont été étudiés. Le tri phytochimique a révélé la présence de polyphénols, de flavonoïdes, de tanins catéchiques, de saponosides, d’alcaloïdes et de stérols et polyterpènes. L’extrait a favorisé une augmentation significative (P < 0.05) du nombre de spermatozoïdes, des taux de spermatozoïdes mobiles et normaux dans l’épididyme caudal. Il a entrainé également une augmentation significative (P < 0.05) du taux de la testostérone sérique et a favorisé l’accroissement des spermatozoïdes dans les tubes séminifères. Les racines d’Hymenocardia acida améliorent la qualité du sperme des rats. Cela pourrait être dû en grande partie à l’augmentation du taux sérique de la testostérone.   Hymenocardia acida roots are used in traditional African medicine to treat mainly erectile dysfunction. The present study aims to evaluate the effects of aqueous extract of Hymencardia acida roots on the quality of rat sperm. The different chemical compounds of the aqueous extract of the roots of Hymenocardia acida were identified by tube reactions described in the African pharmacopoeia. Two groups of fifteen rats treated for 30 and 60 days were divided into control, 500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg body weight. Sperm density, motility and morphology were assessed by standard methods. Testosterone levels and testicular tissue were studied. Phytochemical sorting revealed the presence of polyphenols, flavonoids, catechic tannins, saponosides, alkaloids and sterols and polyterpenes. The extract promoted a significant (P < 0.05) increase in sperm count, motile and normal sperm rates in the caudal epididymis. It also caused a significant increase (P < 0.05) in serum testosterone levels and promoted the increase of spermatozoa in the seminiferous tubules. Hymenocardia acida roots improve sperm quality in rats. This could be due in large part to the increase in serum testosterone levels

Effects of Diabetes Mellitus on the Reproductive System of Adult Male Mice After One Cycle of Spermatogenesis

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. Poor management of hyperglycemia leads to complications that can reduce quality of life. Diabetes mellitus has been associated with damage to the reproductive system. The present study examines effects of diabetes mellitus on the reproductive system in alloxan-induced diabetic mice after one cycle of spermatogenesis. Materials and Methods: Twelve (12) mice divided into "control" and "diabetic" groups of six (6) animals each were used. Diabetes was induced in adult male mice by intraperitoneal injection with a single dose of 220 mg/kg body weight of alloxan. After 40 days, sperm density, morphology, and motility were assessed by standard methods. Serum levels of testosterone, FSH, and LH were measured. In addition, testes and epididymis were removed for histological study. Results: Highly significant (P < 0.001) reductions in serum testosterone, FSH, and LH levels, as well as normal and motile sperm counts of 21% and 34% respectively were observed in the diabetic group. The control group had three times more sperm than the diabetic group. The histological increased inter-tubular spaces, loss of interstitial tissue, degeneration of seminiferous tubules, and almost complete reduction of sperm count in the epididymal duct. Conclusion: Chronic hyperglycemia is therefore deleterious to the male reproductive system of mice. It leads to hypogonadism, which causes dysfunction of the male reproductive system, and can lead to infertility in men with diabetes mellitus