Embryo Development of Ospheronemus gouramy Lac With Young Coconut Cocos Nucifera L Water Immersion

The interaction between genetic and environmental factors influences the development process of the embryo and also determines various individual characteristics. Using coconut water as a diluent for goldfish spermatozoa, because coconut water can be used as an energy source for spermatozoa. This study aimed to analyze the effect of immersing gouramy eggs with young head water on embryo development. This research was conducted at the Freshwater Hatchery of Marine and Fishery Polytechnic, Pariaman from November 2022 to December 2022. This study used an experimental method with a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatment used as the research subject was the concentration of immersing young coconut water : without immersing young coconut water (P0); 15 ml/L (P1); 25 ml/L (P2); 35 ml/L (P3). Observational data on embryo development were analyzed descriptively based on the results of research observations. The data is presented in pictures and the results of the description are referred to using relevant references. The results of this study concluded that the addition of young coconut water to the process of hatching gouramy eggs gave more significant results in the P3 treatment with a dose of 35 ml/l of young coconut water, namely the embryonic cell division process was faster than other treatments

A Single-Input Single-Output Approach by using Minor-Loop Voltage Feedback Compensation with Modified SPWM Technique for Three-Phase AC–DC Buck Converter

The modified sinusoidal pulse-width modulation (SPWM) is one of the PWM techniques used in three-phase AC–DC buck converters. The modified SPWM works without the current sensor (the converter is current sensorless), improves production of sinusoidal AC current, enables obtainment of near-unity power factor, and controls output voltage through modulation gain (ranging from 0 to 1). The main problem of the modified SPWM is the huge starting current and voltage (during transient) that results from a large step change from the reference voltage. When the load changes, the output voltage significantly drops (through switching losses and non-ideal converter elements). The single-input single-output (SISO) approach with minor-loop voltage feedback controller presented here overcomes this problem. This approach is created on a theoretical linear model and verified by discrete-model simulation on MATLAB/Simulink. The capability and effectiveness of the SISO approach in compensating start-up current/voltage and in achieving zero steady-state error were tested for transient cases with step-changed load and step-changed reference voltage for linear and non-linear loads. Tests were done to analyze the transient performance against various controller gains. An experiment prototype was also developed for verification

Identification of Parasites on Garing Fish (Tambroides) in Lubuk Larangan, Padang Pariaman Regency, West Sumatra

The purpose of this study was to identify diseases in gariang fish in the Lubuk larangan river. The research locations used were Nagari Guguak Kuranji Hilir, Sungai Limau District, Nagari Sikucur Barat, District V Koto Kampung, Nagari Lareh Nan Panjang Selatan, District VII Koto Sungai Sariak and Nagari Sicincin, District 2 x 11, six research environments were carried out from September to December 2021. Fish samples were tested in the laboratory at the Padang Fisheries Product Quarantine and Quality Control Center to calculate the parasite prevalence. The results of this study are the type of Saprolegnia sp was found at all lubuk larangan sample point locations with the highest prevalence of 30%. Dactylogyrus sp and Trichodina sp also continued to attack gariang at all sample points with the second highest prevalence, namely 15%. Aeromonas caviae was found at 3 points, sikucur barat, lareh nan panjang selatan and sicincin 2x 11 enam lingkung with a prevalence of 10%. Plesiomonas shigelloides was found in 2 locations, guguak kuranji hilir and Sicincin 2x11 enam lingkung, while Aeromonas sobria attacked 3 sample locations, guguak kuranji hilir, 2x11 enam lingkung and lareh nan panjang selatan with a prevalence rate of 8%. Hafnia alvei, Actinobacillus linieressi and Argulus sp prevalence rate of 5%. The highest prevalence at 30% indicates that the level of parasitic attack is generally with the usual infection. The results of Intensity of Ind/parasites were found as many as 28 at all sample points of the lubuk larangan river, the most commonly found in 2 x 11 enam lingkung, parasites and the least in sikucur barat with an intensity of 6. For Ind/tail intensity at 4 sampling points gariang fish (Tor tambroides) at 2.8 which means a low infection rate

PENGELOLAAN SUMBER DAYA IKAN BILIH (Mystacoleucus padangensis Blkr) ENDEMIK BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL DI DANAU SINGKARAK

Pesatnya kegiatan penangkapan ikan bilih endemik di Danau Singkarak, sudah mengindikasikan penurunan populasi dan ukuran ikan tersebut. Oleh karena itu perlu dikelola agar dapat dimanfaatkan secara berkelanjutan. Salah satu alternatif pengelolaannya adalah berbasis kearifan lokal. Untuk itu diperlukan kebijakan pengelolaan ikan bilih berbasis kearifan lokal yang ada pada masyarakat nelayan. berdasarkan analisis SWOT dari sembilan strategi yang diperoleh, maka tiga strategi yang menjadi prioritas utama pengelolaan ikan bilih yaitu (1) pengelolaan penangkapan ikan berbasis kearifan lokal dengan nilai manfaat 0,518, (2) pengelolaan habitat ikan melalui pembuatan reservat secara ko-manajemen dengan nilai manfaat 0,280 dan (3) pengelolaan populasi ikan melalui pembenihan dan restoking dengan nilai manfaat 0,202. Peraturan yang lebih baikdalam pengelolaan dan pelestarian ikan bilih adalah dengan hukum adat dengan nilai manfaat 0,095.Overfishing of bilih fish endemic in Singkarak lake indicated a decrease in population and size of the fish. Therefore, it is necessary to do a management in order a sustainable. One of the alternative management is based on local wisdom. The aim of this research was to determine of management priorities based on local wisdom that exist in the fish communities. From the research finding it can be explained that among the nine strategies which were obtained from the SWOT analysis, then the three strategies of the top priority of the management of bilih fish are (1) the management of fishing based on local wisdom with advantage value of 0.518, (2) management of fish habitat through the creation of reserves comanagement with a advantages value of 0.280 and (3) management of fish populations through hatchery and restocking with advantage value of 0.202. The better regulation in management and conservation bilih fish by customary law with adventages value of 0,095

DISTRIBUSI UKURAN, REPRODUKSI DAN HABITAT PEMIJAHAN IKAN BILIH (Mystacoleucus padangensis Blkr.) DI DANAU SINGKARAK

Penelitian tentang biologi reproduksi ikan bilih di Danau Singkarak dilakukan pada bulan Januari –Desember 2010. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui distribusi ukuran, tingkat kematangan gonad, fekunditas dan pemijahan ikan bilih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ukuran panjang ikan bilih betina matang gonad berkisar antara 70-109 mm dan bobot tubuh berkisar antara 6,4-8,7 gram, ikan jantan pada panjang antara 70-89 mm dengan bobot antara 4,5-6,6 gram. Persentase ikan betina yang memijah setiap stasiun berkisar 68,4-75,7% dan ikan jantan berkisar 73,4-78,4%. Pada saat memijah ikan bilih beruaya dari danau ke sungai Sumpur, Paninggahan dan Baing setiap hari dimulai pukul 16.00 hingga 23.00 WIB. Karakteristik habitat pemijahan mempunyai kecepatan arus sungai antara 10-15 m/detik, kedalaman perairan berkisar antara 20-40 cm, substrat dasar perairan terdiri dari kerikil dan karakal.Study of biology reproduction bilih fish on Lake Singkarak has done a series of studies in January and December 2010. The purpose of this study is to reveal the size distribution, gonada mature level, fecundity and spawning of bilih fish. The research proves that the size of mature female fish gonads bilih range in size of 70-109 mm with a weight of 6.4 to 8.7 g and males 70-89 mm and weighs 4.4 to 6.6 g. Percentage of female fish to spawn each research station ranged from 68.5-75.7 % and males 73.4-78.3%. Bilih spawning fish populations by conducting migration from lakes to rivers Sumpur, Paninggahan and Baing everyday starting at 16:00 until 23:00 am. Characteristics of spawning habitat with river flow velocity between 10-15 m / sec, water depth between 20-40 cm, bottom substrate consists of gravel and karakal

EVALUASI KERAGAMAN GENTIK IKAN KALUI (Osphronemus goramy) DARI KABUPATEN LIMA PULUH KOTA, SUMATERA BARAT BERDASARKAN MARKA RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHISM DNA (RAPD)

Ikan kalui merupakan nama lokal dari ikan gurami di Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota, Sumatera Barat termasuk jenis ikan ekonomis tinggi. Terdapat lima strain ikan kalui yang tersebar di pembudidaya, yaitu Tambago, Palapah, Krista, Jepun, dan Merah. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengamati keragaman genetik strain ikan kalui atau gurami dengan menggunakan penanda RAPD. Sebanyak 50 sampel DNA ikan kalui diekstraksi dari sirip dan diamplifikasi secara random dengan menggunakan empat primer terbaik dari 20 primer OPA yaitu OPA-02, OPA-04, OPA-06, dan OPA-07. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan yang nyata secara genetik hanya terdapat antara strain ikan kalui Merah dengan Tambago dan Krista. Variasi genetik tertinggi diamati pada ikan kalui strain Krista dengan nilai heterogenitas 0,1756 kemudian diikuti berturut-turut oleh strain Merah (0,1735); Palapah (0,1480); Jepun (0,0594); dan Tambago (0,0203). Jarak rata-rata Nei genetik adalah 0,407, dengan nilai terendah yang teramati antara strain Tambago dan Palapah.Kalui is a local name of giant gouramy fish in West Sumatera Province that categorized as an high economically fish. Five strains of kalui are distributed to farmers i.e. Tambago, Palapah, Krista, Jepun and Merah. This research was conducted to observe the genetic variation of Kalui strains using RAPD marker. A total of 50 samples of whole DNA was extracted from kalui-giant gouramy finclip and randomly amplified using four of the best 20 primers (OPA i.e. OPA-02, OPA-04, OPA-06 and OPA-07). The results showed that Significant genetic differences were only observed between strain Merah-Tambago and Merah-Krista. The highest variability was observed in Krista with heterogeneity value of 0.1735 followed by Merah (0,1735), Palapah (0,1480), Jepun (0,0594) and Tambago (0,0203). The average Nei genetic distance was 0.407, with the lowest was observed between Tambago and Palapah

ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN EKSTRAK GAMBIR TERHADAP KELANGSUNGAN HIDUP DAN PERTUMBUHAN IKAN LELE MUTIARA YANG DIINFEKSI BAKTERI AEROMONAS HYDROPHILA

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan ekstrak gambir terhadap kehidupan dan pertumbuhan ikan lele yang terinfeksi bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila. Ikan yang digunakan adalah 1.500 benih lele mutiara umur 35 hari dan panjang 3-5 cm. Ikan disimpan selama 22 hari dalam akuarium berukuran 80x40x35 cm. Frekuensi pemberian pakan 3 kali sehari diberikan pada pukul 08.00, 12.00, dan 17.00 WIB dengan jumlah pakan 5% dari biomassa dengan teknik pemberian secara at satiation. Metode penelitian eksperimental Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Dosis Perlakuan A. Pakan buatan tanpa penambahan dosis ekstrak gambir B, C, D dan E merupakan pakan buatan dengan penambahan dosis ekstrak gambir 25g, 50g, 75g dan 100g. Variabel yang diamati meliputi Survival Rate (SR), Food Conversion Ratio (FCR), pertambahan bobot mutlak, Specific Growth Rate (SGR), Thermal Growth Coefficient (TGC) dan Canibalism Rate (CR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan ekstrak gambir dalam pakan berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap SR, FCR, pertambahan bobot mutlak, SGR, TGC dan CR. Perlakuan terbaik adalah pada dosis 75g/kg pakan dengan nilai SR tertinggi (70,46%), FCR (1,1), pertambahan bobot mutlak (1,63 g), SGR (7,41%), TGC (6,72) dan CR (5,67). Disimpulkan bahwa penambahan ekstrak gambir dalam pakan mampu menekan tingkat kematian ikan yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila, meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan menekan jumlah kanibalisme

Markov chain Monte Carlo convergence diagnostics for Gumbel model

Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) has been widely used in Bayesian analysis for the analysis of complex statistical models. However, there are some isues on determining the convergence of this technique. It is difficult to determine the length of draws to make sure that the sample values converge to the stationary distribution and the number of n iterations should be discarded before the chain converge to the stationary distribution. Convergence diagnostics help to decide whether the chain converges during a particular sample run. Gelman and Rubin diagnostic is the most widely used method for convergence test. The MCMC technique, Metropolis-Hastings algorithm is used for posterior inferences of Gumbel distribution simulated data

Effect of feed enriched by products formulated from coconut water, palm sap sugar, and mushroom on the chemical composition of feed and carcass, growth performance, body indices, and gut micromorphology of giant gourami, Osphronemus goramy (Lacepède, 1801), juveniles [version 2; peer review: 2 approved]

Background: Giant gourami, Osphronemus goramy is the most important freshwater fish species produced by aquaculture in Indonesia. This study aimed to the effects of various newly formulated products on the amino acid composition of the diet and whole-body carcass, and to analyse the growth coefficient, body indices, and gut micromorphology. Methods: One hundred gram of palm sap sugar was cooked in 1.1 litre of fresh water for fifteen minutes, to create 1 litre of 11% palm sap sugar solution (after some of it had been boiled off). Two litres of coconut water were then mixed with the litre of palm sugar solution. One litre of this product was added in turn to 2 g of Aspergillus niger (CP2), 2 g of Rhizopus oligosporus (CP3), and 2 g of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (CP4), while freshwater was used as a control (labeled CP1). Aquafeed was added to CP1, CP2, CP3, and CP4, to make diets labeled KP1, KP2, KP3, and KP4. The dosage was 150 ml/kg of feed. Juvenile giant gourami (initial weight 50±0.25 g and length 13.2±0.07 cm) were reared in triplicate net frames (2×1×1 m; water volume 1.5 m 3) in a freshwater concrete pond with a stocking density of 30 juveniles/net. Results: The results supported our hypothesis that different product formulations have a significant effect (P < 0.05) on aquafeed nutrition and the whole-body carcass, growth coefficient, feed utilization, body indices, and gut micromorphology of giant gourami juveniles. The thermal growth coefficient strongly correlated with the daily growth coefficient (r 2 = 92%), condition factor (r2 = 77%), protein efficiency ratio (r2 = 75%), while a moderate relationship with the feed intake ( r2 = 69%). Conclusions: Diet KP3 contains higher total amino acids in diets and carcasses and leads to feed efficiency and better growth for giant gourami