Effect of Glucose and Fructose on Production Polyhydroxyalkanoates by Ralstonia Eutropha Jmp 134 as Batch Fermentation

Polyhydroxyalknoate (PHA) is a bioplastic from the group of polyester with physicochemical properties similar to polypropylene plastic from petroleum. This research aims to study the effect of glucose and fructose on PHA fermentation process performed by using Ralstonia eutropha JMP 134 in a batch bioreactor. Dynamics of PHA production from carbon sources glucose or fructose, as well as the influence of volatile fatty acids as a prekursor were studied in this research. Fermentation operating condition using bioreactor 10 L maintained at a temperature of 30oC and pH of 7. The concentration of carbon source used was 40 g/L, and after 20th hours of fermentation added volatile fatty acids (VFAs) that serves as a prekursor in the production of PHA. Aerobic fermentation of Ralstonia eutropha JMP 134 with the substrate glucose and fructose using synthetic VFAs produce PHA content of each were 0.21 and 0.33 g PHA/g dry cell weight (DCW). The percentage composition PHA of glucose or fructose with synthetic ALV are 8.71% or 11.78% HV, respectively. So Ralstonia eutropha JMP 134 fermentation using fructose substrate provides a higher PHA content than using glucose substrate

PRODUCTION BIOMETHANE FROM PALM OIL MILL EFFLUENT (POME) WITH TRUNCATED PYRAMID DIGESTER IN FED BATCH SYSTEM

Palm oil mill effluent (POME) production in Indonesia is estimated around 63 million ton/year [1]. Therefore it is a potential source of contamination when it directly discharged into the river. Even though, POME will be as raw resource biogas production.The aims of this research were to know the effect of fermentation time toward biogas production in truncated pyramid digester. The study was done in three combinations of feedstock with POME concentrations of 90, 80, and 70% and activated sludge concentrations of 10, 20, and 30%. A mixture of POME and activated sludge at 6 L/minutes for 30 days were fed into the digester. The result showed the fermentation time gave significant effect toward biogas production in the truncated pyramid digester. All combinations showed the upward trend in the volume of biogas during fermentation. The highest quantity of biomethane in biogas was 25% mol that the active microbes were added to POME in the ratio 1: 9 in a fed-batch system

Review Artikel VARIASI PRODUKSI BIOETANOL DARI AMPAS TEBU

Bioethanol is ethanol made from plants that contain starch, sugar and other cellulosic plants. The general methods used are hydrolysis and anaerobic fermentation methods. This review aims to compare the results of several studies on the manufacture of bioethanol from various raw materials and the treatment of variations in fermentation pH, type of yeast, and fermentation time. Based on the studies that have been carried out, it can be concluded that the largest yield of bioethanol yields is found in research conducted by Guiherme et al. (2019) showing that the yield of bioethanol from bagasse is 88% w / v with. with alkaline pretreatment hydrolysis and anaerobic fermentation methods using the enzymes Kluyveromyces marxianus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Then the second largest result was found in research according to Goshandrou et al. (2014) which produced a percent ethanol of 81% v / v from bagasse. with hydrolysis and anaerobic fermentation methods through the Zygomicetes enzyme

VARIASI PRODUKSI BIOETANOL DARI LIMBAH KULIT BUAH-BUAHAN MENGGUNAKAN RAGI Saccaromyces Cerevisiae

Bioethanol is ethanol made from plants that contain starch, sugar and other cellulosic plants. The general methods used are hydrolysis and anaerobic fermentation methods. This review aims to compare the results of several studies on the manufacture of bioethanol from various raw materials and the treatment of variations in fermentation pH, type of yeast, and fermentation time. Based on the studies that have been carried out, it can be concluded that the first largest yield of bioethanol is found in a study conducted by Gebregergs et al. (2016) showing that bioethanol yield from banana peels of 45.088% ethanol is obtained at an acid concentration of 1.50% v/v. retention time 21.66 minutes. Then the second largest result was found in research according to Demiray et al. (2018) producing a percent ethanol of 44.9% v/v ± 55.58 g/L from pomegranate peel raw material. In a study according to Octria et al. (2019), from raw materials of pineapple peel, a percent yield of bioethanol was 30.15% w/w using hydrolysis and anaerobic fermentation methods through the enzyme Saccaromyces cerevisiae

Acidogenic Fermentation of Palm Oil Mill efluent (POME) on Volatile Fatty Acids production as Precursor

Acidogenic fermentation of palm oil mill efluent (POME) can serve as a precursor in a process for production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) since the produced volatile fatty acids (VFAs) are preferred precursor for PHA production. Acidogenic fermentation of POME was studied in a 2-L reactor with semi-continuous mode operation (once-a-day feeding and draw-off) for optimal volatile acid compositions. Main fermentation products were acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid. The results showed acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid with concentrations are 2.79 g/L; 1.18 g/L, and 3.04 g/L, respectively. VFAs that serves as a precursor on PHA production. The result of feeding of synthetic of VFAs or VFAs from POME at the 20th and 40th in a batch show the concentrations DCW and PHA are 2.38 g/L and 0.74 (g PHA/g DCW) or 2.76 g/L and 0.74 (g PHA/g DCW), respectively

PENGARUH AGITASI DAN WAKTU FERMENTASI PADA PEMBUATAN BIOETANOL DARI PATI SINGKONG KARET (Manihot glaziovii)

Rubber Cassava (Manihot glaziovii) is a tuber that is not a food ingredient because it contains the chemical element cyanide (HCN) which is toxic. The starch content in sweet potatoes reaches 98.5%. This study aims to determine the effect of agitation and fermentation time on the levels of biethanol using a 3 liter fermentor substrate used is cassava rubber (Manihot glaziovii). The process of making starch by cutting and peeling rubber cassava and then washing it with clean water after that shredded it with grated while adding water after grating the cassava pulp porridge at a temperature of 600C so as to get the starch. The dried cassava rubber starch was sieved to obtain a more homogeneous starch particle size. Furthermore, the hydrolysis process involves mixing 800 grams of cassava rubber starch with 2 liters of distilled water. In the fermentation process variation of stirring speed and time of fermentation. The results showed that The best stirring speed in this research is 300 rpm and the best fermentation time is 48 hours with bioethanol levels obtained at 10%

PRODUK GEL HAND SANITIZER BERBAHAN DASAR EKSTRAK CAIR DAUN SIRIH HIJAU (Piper betle Linn.) SEBAGAI ANTISEPTIK

The rise of epidemics caused by microorganisms such as SARS, bird flu, HIV and COVID-19 has made people use products that contain antiseptics such as soap and hand sanitizers. However, in general, the basic ingredient for making antiseptics comes from alcohol. If you use it continuously, it will dissolve the layer of fat and sebum on the skin so that the skin becomes sensitive, dry and irritated. Antiseptic product development can be done with natural ingredients such as utilizing green betel leaf extract (Piper betle Linn.). It is known that green betel leaf (Piper betle Linn.) Has long been used in traditional medicine and can be a natural antiseptic ingredient for the manufacture of hand sanitizer gel. This study aims to determine the effect of green betel leaf on the antiseptic power in hand sanitizer gel preparations. The materials used in this study were carbomer 940, triethanolamine (TEA), glycerin, sodium metabisulfate, aquadest, and green betel leaf extract obtained from the soybean extraction process. The research was conducted by varying the betel leaf extract 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, and 70%. The test was carried out by including organoleptic observations (shape, color, smell), homogeneity, preference test, pH, density, viscosity, dispersibility, and bacterial test

OPTIMASI FORMULA PEMBUATAN SABUN PADAT ANTISEPTIK ALAMI DENGAN PENAMBAHAN EKSTRAK DAUN SIRIH HIJAU (Piper betle L)

Green betel leaf (Piper betle L) is a natural antiseptic with phenol (carvacrol) and phenylpropane (eugenol and kavikol) which functions as an antiseptic (very strong bactericide and fungicide). phenol which is a toxic compound resulting in disrupted three-dimensional protein structure causing damage to the bacterial cell wall. So that soap containing natural antiseptic from betel leaf can kill bacteria. The purpose of this study was to determine the benefits of green betel leaf and to obtain the best formulation of natural antiseptic solid soap with the addition of green betel leaf extract. The composition of the oils used in making solid soap is palm oil, coconut oil and olive oil. Tests carried out on solid soap include pH test, water content test, free fatty acid content, free alkaline content, and mineral oil based on SNI 06-3532-1994 as well as testing for many bacteria. Based on the analysis, it is known that the soap formula with the best oil composition variations is the composition of palm oil, coconut oil and olive oil with a ratio of 1: 2: 2 and the addition of green betel leaf extract as a natural antiseptic is 3gr

PRODUKSI BIOGAS DARI AIR LIMBAH INDUSTRI MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT MENGGUNAKAN DIGESTER ANAEROBIK MODIFIKASI DENGAN PENAMBAHAN PENGADUKAN

Biogas produced from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) can provide several benefits for the environment, such as can reduce environmental pollution and produce new energy sources. The purpose of this research was to determine the ratio of methane was producedfrom batch and fed bacth processes, and to determine the optimal agitation speed for biogas formation from POME as the main ingredient and cow dung as starter. This research used ratio 50:50 of POME:starter and variations of agitation speed are 95 rpm and 100 rpm.Biogas was formed will be taken on days 4th, 8th, 12th, and 16th. The highest yield of biogas by fed batch system was on day 16th with 100 rpm agitation speed produced methane of 9,67%. While the lowest result was on day 4th at 95 rpm agitation speed with 0%. For batch system, thehighest yield of biogas was produced on day 16th at 100 rpm with 7,927%. And the lowest yield was on day 4th at 95 rpm agitation speed with 0,93%. From this reserach, it can be concluded that fed batch system can produce higher methane from the result of the anaerobic fermentation process of POME than batch system. In addition, a higher agitation speed will also produce higher amount of methan

RANCANG BANGUN ALAT VACUUM DRYING DALAM PROSES PEMBUATAN TEPUNG MORINGA OLEIFERA LAMK

Moringa oleifera lamk are trees with a height of up to 12m with a diameter of 30cm. The wood is a type of soft wood and has a low quality. And has many benefits, one of which is food, health, beauty and the environment.The working principle of this spinner type dryer is the material in the form of Moringa leaves frozen first using the freezer and then put into the dryer and dispatched the time that has been adjusted together with the hot air blower so that the drying process can take place quickly, after dispensing the Moringa leaves vacuum by using a vacuum pump to remove the water contained in the material so that the leaves of moringa are completely dry, the process continues until the leaves are completely dry and ready to be made flour, The variations carried out during the drying process take place are temperature and drying time so that it is known what water content and final weight of the Moringa leaf after drying. Vacuum drying appliance has been designed with the specification tool dimensions namely: 0.0020258m2 sectional area of the intake air, the rotation speed of 750rpm, power needed for 154watt, length 220mm V-belts V-belts with a speed of 3.925m/s. Produce Moringa leaf powder with a moisture content of 15% with the quality of green products (Moringa leaves), the fineness of the flour in accordance with the Indonesian National Standard quality of the flour (80mesh sieve), and the content of protein content is high at 28.84%