Platelets Proteomic Profiles of Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients.

Platelets play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of stroke and antiplatelet agents exist for its treatment and prevention. Through the use of LC-MS based protein expression profiling, platelets from stroke patients were analyzed and then correlated with the proteomic analyses results in the context of this disease. This study was based on patients who post ischemic stroke were admitted to hospital and had venous blood drawn within 24 hrs of the incidence. Label-free protein expression analyses of the platelets' tryptic digest was performed in triplicate on a UPLC-ESI-qTOF-MS/MS system and ProteinLynx Global Server (v2.5, Waters) was used for tandem mass data extraction. The peptide sequences were searched against the reviewed homo sapiens database (www.uniprot.org) and the quantitation of protein variation was achieved through Progenesis LC-MS software (V4.0, Nonlinear Dynamics). These Label-free differential proteomics analysis of platelets ensured that 500 proteins were identified and 83 of these proteins were found to be statistically significant. The differentially expressed proteins are involved in various processes such as inflammatory response, cellular movement, immune cell trafficking, cell-to-cell signaling and interaction, hematological system development and function and nucleic acid metabolism. The expressions of myeloperoxidase, arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase and histidine-rich glycoprotein are involved in cellular metabolic processes, crk-like protein and ras homolog gene family member A involved in cell signaling with vitronectin, thrombospondin 1, Integrin alpha 2b, and integrin beta 3 involved in cell adhesion. Apolipoprotein H, immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 1 and immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 3 are involved in structural, apolipoprotein A-I, and alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor is involved in transport, complement component 3 and clusterin is involved in immunity proteins as has been discussed. Our data provides an insight into the proteins that are involved in the platelets' activation response during ischemic stroke. It could be argued that this study lays the foundation for future mechanistic studies

Anticancer, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Chloroform Extracts from Some Centaurea Species

The aim of this study was to investigate the anticancer activities of five chloroform extracts prepared from the aerial parts of Centeura kilaea Boiss. (CKC), C. cuneifolia Sm. (CCC), C. salicifolia M.Bieb. ex Willd. (CSAC), C. stenolepis Kerner (CSC1 and CSC2) against hepatocellular cancer HepG2 cell line. At the same time, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the extracts were examined. Anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activities of extracts were carried out by MTT, lipoxygenase, DPPH-ABTS methods, respectively. CCC, CSAC and CKC have the highest anticancer activity when compared to other extracts. Similarly, CSAC and CCC had the best antioxidant capacity, while CSAC and CKC showed strong anti-lipoxygenase activity. Among all the tested extracts, the highest amounts of total phenolic were found in the CSAC. The study revealed that CSAC and CCC displays remarkable antioxidant, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activity