Pengembangan Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Muhammadiyah Program Khusus Kertonatan Sebagai Pusat Pendidikan Dasar Dan Kajian Keislaman Dengan Konsep Simbolisasi Arsitektur Islam

The development of MI MPK Kertonatan as a center for basic education and Islamic studies is a place to carry out basic education and Islamic education activities in Kertonatan. The number of Islamic activities carried out at the Al-Falakh Kertonatan Mosque requires space that can support all activities without disrupting prayer activities. In some activities in the mosque borrowed the classrooms of MI MPK Kertonatan, because of their opposite location. This development aims to make MI MPK Kertonatan a center for basic education and Islamic studies so that all routine activities can be carried out more comfortably. The discussion is obtained through data collection, concept analysis, and synthesis. The design concept used is the symbolization of Islamic architecture, where the symbolization used is in accordance with those contained in the Qur'an and Hadith. The design concept will be used both from the exterior, interior and also from the landscape layout of the building

Characterization and pathogenicity of Fusarium proliferatum and Fusarium verticillioides, causal agents of Fusarium ear rot of corn

Fusarium ear rot is a significant disease of corn caused by several toxigenic Fusarium species including Fusarium proliferatum and Fusarium verticillioides. Forty-one Fusarium isolates were recovered from corn with Fusarium ear rot disease symptoms collected from Peninsular Malaysia. Isolates were classified into three described species known as F. proliferatum, F. verticillioides, and F. solani. Based on sexual compatibility test, four isolates from F. proliferatum (MATD-1) were crossed-fertile with tester isolate F. proliferatum D024853 (MATD-2), producing perithecia in the presence of ascospores. Meanwhile, the isolates from F. verticillioides (MATA-2) were crossed with tester isolate F. verticillioides A00149 (MATA-1), but were found producing 11 isolates with barren perithecia and three infertile isolates, whereas in 11 isolates of F. verticillioides (MATA-1), seven isolates produced barren perithecia with four nonfertile isolates. In the pathogenicity test, all isolates were found pathogenic and displayed disease symptoms with variation in severity. The highest disease severity index value was observed in F. proliferatum B68c at 4.67, which was obtained in an updated report on the mating type of F. verticillioides and F. proliferatum isolated from Fusarium ear rot disease

PENGARUH BLENDED LEARNING DALAM MENINGKATKAN EFEKTIFITAS PEMBELAJARAN

Blended learning is a new thing in Indonesia. When the covid-19 hit all corners of the world, various activities became paralyzed. So, the goverment requires to reduce and even eliminate face-to-face activities.blended learning is considered very appropriate and very effective to maximize learning in the time of the covid-19 pandemic. The existence od this writing is intended to find out te influence of blended learning in improving the effectiveness of learning. The writing of this journal uses quantitative research methods through a case study approach that is relevant to today’s life. This research is descriptive and analyzes some of the existing information. Data collection is done by discussing groups by finding and analyzing information by collecting secondary data from various sources such as books, journals, scientific literature articles and online mass media reports that present data based on relevant literature. Because this activity is a combination of offline participants and online participants, various techniques and tactics must be possessed by the teacher so that this learning runs effectively and as expected. Keywords: Pandemic, blended learning, effectivit

CHEMICAL AND ORGANOLEPTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CHICKEN NUGGET BASED ON COMPOSITE FLOUR FROM MOCAF, BROWN RICE AND CORN STARCH

One of the foods favored by the public is nugget which is a fast food group with meat-based ingredients. In this study, mocaf, brown rice flour and corn starch were used as an alternative fillers to wheat flour as a means of reducing dependence on wheat flour as an imported product and increasing the nutritional content of nuggets. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of variations in the formulation of ingredients on the organoleptic characteristics and chemical content of the nuggets that were most favored by the panelists. This research began with the nugget formulation, followed by organoleptic testing and chemical characterization of the nugget formula that was preferred by the panelists. The average results of the affection test showed that nugget B was preferred to nugget A, which used less, with the ingredient formula having a ratio of mocaf, brown rice flour and cornstarch, namely 4:1:3 (60g:15g:45g). The selected nugget formula contains water as much as 57.553%, fat content 1.055%, ash content 1.955%, protein 29.195%, crude fiber 16.064%, and carbohydrates other than fiber 10.205%. By not using wheat flour as the main ingredient, these nuggets can be regarded as an alternative food that is low in gluten and high in fiber because of the content in carrots, brown rice flour, and mocaf.</p

Morphological and molecular characterization of Curvularia and related species associated with leaf spot disease of rice in Peninsular Malaysia

Curvularia species are important phytopathogens reported worldwide. They are closely related; consist of major destructive pathogens mainly for grasses and cereal plants including rice (Oryza sativa). A leaf spot symptom of rice is one of the common symptoms found in the rice field and caused reduction of rice yield. However, there are no reports on Curvularia species associated with rice leaves showing spot symptoms. The objectives are to isolate and characterize Curvularia and related species from leaf spot of rice by using morphological and molecular characterization and to determine the phylogenetic relationship between the isolated fungi. Fungal isolation was done from diseased rice leaves showing leaf spot symptoms collected throughout Peninsular Malaysia. Thirty-three isolates were recovered and identified based on their morphological characteristics such as conidia morphology, colony appearance, pigmentation and growth rate for species delimitation. Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region was amplified to confirm the species identification. The 33 isolates were identified as Bipolaris sorokiniana (10 isolates), Curvularia hawaiiensis (8 isolates), C. geniculata (6 isolates), C. eragrostidis (6 isolates), C. aeria (2 isolates) and C. lunata (1 isolate). A phylogenetic tree was constructed based on ITS sequences using neighbour-joining method. The tree grouped members of Curvularia and Bipolaris into different clades. The phylogenetic tree indicated that the presence of two groups of fungi species; highly virulent and mild pathogens. In conclusion, Curvularia species and Bipolaris sorokiniana were present in rice field in Malaysia and associated with leaf spot of rice

Identification and diversity of Fusarium species isolated from tomato fruits

Fruit rot of tomato is a serious disease caused by Fusarium species. Sampling was conducted throughout Selangor, Malaysia and fungal species identification was conducted based on morphological and gene encoding translation elongation factor 1-α (tef1-α) sequence analysis. Five species of Fusarium were discovered namely F. oxysporum (including F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici), F. solani, F. equiseti, F. proliferatum and F. verticillioides. Our results provide additional information regarding the diversity of Fusarium species associated with fruit rot disease of tomato

First report of Bipolaris cactivora causing brown leaf spot in rice in Malaysia

In March 2013 to February 2017, brown spot symptoms on the leaves of rice plants were observed during a survey conducted in 23 granary fields throughout Peninsular Malaysia in Kedah, Penang, Perak, and Selangor states. In Malaysia, leaf spot symptoms can be seen on the rice seedling up to mature rice plant. Symptoms of the leaf spot include brown necrotic spots, which are irregular and measure between 2 and 10 mm wide. Small pieces (5 mm) of necrotic tissues from the spots were surface sterilized for 1 min in 0.5% NaOCl, washed twice with sterile distilled water, and plated onto peptone pentachloronitrobenzene agar. Plates were incubated at 28°C under 12-h light/dark for 7 days. The fungal colonies were purified using the hyphal-tip technique. A total of 152 fungal isolates were obtained, and the conidial morphology matched that of Curvularia and Bipolaris species, members of the Pleosporaceae family (Brecht et al. 2007; Garibaldi et al. 2014). Primers ITS1/ITS4 and GPDH-F/R were used to amplify and subsequently sequence the internal transcribed spacer (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) region (White et al. 1990) and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gpd) gene, respectively. The gpd primer (GPDH-F, GTATCGTCTTCCGCAATG; GPDH-R, GAGGCGTTGGAGAGCAC) was designed using the genome of Curvularia victoriae FI3 that was obtained from the JGI website (https://genome.jgi.doe.gov/Cocvi1/Cocvi1.home.html). Bipolaris cactivora was successfully identified based on morphological characters and gene sequencing. Other species including B. sorghicola, B. papendorfii, B. sorokiniana, Curvularia aeria, C. affinis, C. eragrostidis, C. geniculata, C. hawaiiensis, and C. lunata were also successfully isolated and identified. In general, B. cactivora produced dark olive to black mycelia, floccose with black pigmentation on potato dextrose agar (PDA), and formed four to seven septate conidia, mostly straight and solitary with average size 56.9 × 13.4 µm. A phylogenetic tree was constructed using a neighbor-joining method, showing isolates B. cactivora A1022, K1282, K1283, and K1284 were grouped into the same clade of B. cactivora (ITS/gpd, HM598679/HM598682, Tarnowski et al. 2010). To examine virulence of B. cactivora, pathogenicity tests were performed three times by inoculating 5-week-old rice plants (variety MR211) with isolate B. cactivora K1283. Ten plants were inoculated by placing a conidial suspension (4 × 104 conidia/ml) from 8-day-old culture colonies, and 10 control plants were inoculated with distilled water. After 10 days, all inoculated leaves showed leaf spot at the inoculation points. Average length of necrosis formed by B. cactivora K1283 was 3.0 mm. B. cactivora K1283 was successfully reisolated from the necrotic tissues observed in symptomatic plants. No symptoms were observed in the control plants, and B. cactivora was not isolated from the controls. B. cactivora has been reported in Florida (U.S.A.) and Italy, where it occurs on bermudagrass and monstrose apple cactus, respectively (Brecht et al. 2007; Garibaldi et al. 2014). This study shows B. cactivora to be highly virulent on rice leaves, and to our knowledge this is the first report of B. cactivora causing leaf spot disease on rice

Persicaria minor (Huds.) Opiz Prevents In Vitro Atherogenesis by Attenuating Tumor Necrosis Factor-&alpha;-Induced Monocyte Adhesion to Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells

Persicaria minor (Huds.) Opiz is an herb with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-atherosclerosis effects. Nevertheless, the mechanism underlying its anti-atherosclerosis effect is poorly comprehended. This in vitro study assessed the protective effects of standardized aqueous extract of P. minor leaves (PM) on tumor necrosis factor-&alpha; (TNF-&alpha;)-induced monocyte adhesion to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), which is one of the pivotal early steps in atherogenesis. The results showed that PM decreased the mRNA and protein expression of cellular adhesion molecules, vascular adhesion molecule-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1, resulting in reduced adhesion of monocytes to HUVEC. Additionally, PM inhibited nuclear factor kappaB (NF-&kappa;B) activation as indicated by reduced NF-&kappa;B p65 levels in TNF-&alpha;-induced HUVEC. Overall, PM could prevent in vitro atherogenesis by inhibiting NF-&kappa;B activation and adhesion of monocytes to HUVEC. The effects of PM are probably mediated by its bioactive compound, quercetin-3-O-glucuronide. The findings may provide a rationale for the in vivo anti-atherosclerosis effect of PM, and support its potential use in atherosclerosis