The role of gender mainstreaming in city-level interventions and leadership: examples from Manila, Duhok and Sanandaj. SUEUAA Thematic Paper Series, TPS 103/18

Making space for women in universities and encouraging their participation in various sectors have become some of the primary goals on many national and regional agendas in the Global South. However, feminist scholars have pointed out that gender mainstreaming failed to accomplish its goals as it primarily encouraged the integration of women in already compromised neoliberal and patriarchal structures, therefore ignoring the collective responsibilities for gender-based inequalities (Alston, 2014). Recently, there has been a shift by feminist researchers to focus on wider issues of gender and development, to account for the wide range of interrelated issues which may be at play in gender-based inequalities. In this paper, we explore the policies and actions towards gender mainstreaming (both in terms of public engagement, interventions, as well as discussions surrounding empowerment of women). By looking at three case study cities, Manila (Philippines), Duhok (Iraq) and Sanandaj (Iran), we argue that focusing on gender mainstreaming demonstrates both the ways in which women navigate infrastructures in order to make an impact on their communities, but also the areas of development that need to further tackle gender-based inequalities

Socio-economic development indicators and University engagement in partner countries and city regions. SUEUAA Thematic Paper Series, TPS 105/19

The purpose of this paper is to provide both a general overview of the socio-economic context of each of the partner countries and cities and to explore the role that universities can play and what they can contribute in supporting and enhancing socio-economic development in the pursuit of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It also tales a critical approach to examine some of the global rankings and indicators used to measure or rank ‘development’. This is followed by examples of some of challenges the SUEUAA cities and regions face and examples of engagement through research and other initiatives that universities are currently undertaking in collaboration or partnership with city stakeholders including those in local communities to address some of the identified challenges that face their cities and countries more generally

Socio-economic development indicators and University engagement in partner countries and city regions. SUEUAA Thematic Paper Series, TPS 105/19

The purpose of this paper is to provide both a general overview of the socio-economic context of each of the partner countries and cities and to explore the role that universities can play and what they can contribute in supporting and enhancing socio-economic development in the pursuit of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It also tales a critical approach to examine some of the global rankings and indicators used to measure or rank ‘development’. This is followed by examples of some of challenges the SUEUAA cities and regions face and examples of engagement through research and other initiatives that universities are currently undertaking in collaboration or partnership with city stakeholders including those in local communities to address some of the identified challenges that face their cities and countries more generally

Impact of University engagement on environmental resilience of urban spaces in Asia and Africa. SUEUAA Thematic Paper Series, TPS 103/19

By 2030 most of the globes inhabitants will be living with cities. It is therefore important that cities are resilient to sustenance and energy challenge in the face of increasing demands from population expansion and increasing environmental variability and uncertainty brought about by intensifying climate change. The Strengthening Urban Engagement of Universities in Asia and Africa (SUEUAA) project aims to enhance university engagement capacity in this context and optimise engagement strategy to maximise impact in urban areas. We use the term ‘environmental resilience’ to encapsulate both energy and sustenance challenges. We believe these must be tackled in a holistic manner as there are intimate links between the production and usage of energy, food and water and consequent generation and disposal of waste. This paper focuses on the experiences and vision of SUEUAA partners in Johannesburg (South Africa), Dar es Salaam (Tanzania), Duhok (Iraq), Sanandaj (Iran), and Manila (Philippines), so it encapsulates views and solutions for engagement strategies on several environmental challenges facing cities in very different climatic situations

Impact of University engagement on environmental resilience of urban spaces in Asia and Africa. SUEUAA Thematic Paper Series, TPS 103/19

By 2030 most of the globes inhabitants will be living with cities. It is therefore important that cities are resilient to sustenance and energy challenge in the face of increasing demands from population expansion and increasing environmental variability and uncertainty brought about by intensifying climate change. The Strengthening Urban Engagement of Universities in Asia and Africa (SUEUAA) project aims to enhance university engagement capacity in this context and optimise engagement strategy to maximise impact in urban areas. We use the term ‘environmental resilience’ to encapsulate both energy and sustenance challenges. We believe these must be tackled in a holistic manner as there are intimate links between the production and usage of energy, food and water and consequent generation and disposal of waste. This paper focuses on the experiences and vision of SUEUAA partners in Johannesburg (South Africa), Dar es Salaam (Tanzania), Duhok (Iraq), Sanandaj (Iran), and Manila (Philippines), so it encapsulates views and solutions for engagement strategies on several environmental challenges facing cities in very different climatic situations

Impact of University engagement on environmental resilience of urban spaces in Asia and Africa

By 2030 most of the globes inhabitants will be living with cities. It is therefore important that cities are resilient to sustenance and energy challenge in the face of increasing demands from population expansion and increasing environmental variability and uncertainty brought about by intensifying climate change. The Strengthening Urban Engagement of Universities in Asia and Africa (SUEUAA) project aims to enhance university engagement capacity in this context and optimise engagement strategy to maximise impact in urban areas. We use the term 'environmental resilience' to encapsulate both energy and sustenance challenges. We believe these must be tackled in a holistic manner as there are intimate links between the production and usage of energy, food and water and consequent generation and disposal of waste. This paper focuses on the experiences and vision of SUEUAA partners in Johannesburg (South Africa), Dar es Salaam (Tanzania), Duhok (Iraq), Sanandaj (Iran), and Manila (Philippines), so it encapsulates views and solutions for engagement strategies on several environmental challenges facing cities in very different climatic situations

Z boson production in Pb-Pb collisions at 5.02 TeV

International audienceThe measurement of Z-boson production in Pb--Pb collisions at \fivenn is reported. It is performed in the dimuon decay channel, through the detection of muons with pseudorapidity $-4 20$ \GeVc. The invariant yield is measured for opposite-sign dimuons with invariant mass 60 < \mmumu < 120 \GeVmass and rapidity $2.5 < y^{\mu\mu} < 4$. The yield is also presented as a function of rapidity and centrality. The results are compared with theoretical calculations, both with and without nuclear modifications to the Parton Distribution Functions (PDFs). A $3.4\sigma$ deviation is seen in the integrated yield between the data and calculations based on the free-nucleon PDFs, while good agreement is found once nuclear modifications are considered

Z-boson and double charm production with ALICE at the LHC

In Nature, free quarks and gluons cannot be observed due to the confinement properties of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). However, in extreme conditions, a state of matter called the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) is formed in which quarks and gluons are deconfined. The QGP can be created and studied by colliding ultrarelativistic heavy nuclei. At the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), collisions between lead (Pb) nuclei take place and are studied at the various experiments. In this thesis we present measurements on Z bosons and \jpsi, reconstructed in the muon spectrometer of the ALICE detector. Observations from PbPb collisions are subject to effects unrelated to the QGP, and it is important to disentangle these from QGP effects. In particular, parton distributions are different in heavy nuclei than in unbound protons and neutrons. In order to describe the production of probes with large transverse momentum, special objects called nuclear parton distribution functions (nPDFs) are necessary. They are a crucial ingredient of calculations of cross sections in heavy ion collisions, but cannot be obtained from first principles calculations in QCD. Instead, they are instead obtained from fits to data which include, among others, measurements of electroweak bosons. The latter can therefore be used to constrain or verify the accuracy of the nPDFs. In this thesis, the production of Z bosons in PbPb collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of 5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector is reported. The results strongly show a preference for models that take nuclear modifications to PDFs into account. This indicates that parton distributions in nuclei are not a simple superposition of protons and neutrons. In the near future, proton-oxygen and oxygen-oxygen collisions will take place at the LHC. We detail projections of Z boson production in these collisions, obtained by extrapolating existing cross sections from the ALICE and LHCb experiments. With the expected integrated luminosities for the two collision systems, measurements are found to be unfeasible. In proton-proton collisions, heavy particles such as the \jpsi are produced from a single partonic scattering (SPS). It is possible to create a pair of \jpsi from such a process, as opposed to a single \jpsi. However, \jpsi pairs can also be created through another mechanism. Because the densities of partons increase rapidly at high energies, it becomes possible for two parton scatterings to occur during a single pp collision. This is referred to as double parton scattering (DPS). \jpsi pairs can therefore be used as a tool to study relative contributions of SPS and DPS. In this thesis, a measurement of the production cross section of \jpsi pairs in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV is presented. The measurement serves as a first of its kind in ALICE. It shows good agreement the cross section obtained by LHCb collaboration, although experimental uncertainties are large. Future LHC data taking periods will provide a larger data sample, which will allow for a measurement with better experimental precision. This could enable a measurement in which SPS and DPS contributions can be separated

Search for the Chiral Magnetic Effect with the ALICE detector

International audienceIn non-central heavy-ion collisions, spectator protons that do not participate in the interaction create strong magnetic fields. The strength of these fields allows testing an effect based on the hypothesized properties of QCD. The presence of so-called topological configurations can give rise to domains that carry net chirality. Coupled with the aforementioned magnetic fields, they may induce a charge separation of the particles generated in the collisions. This charge separation is called the Chiral Magnetic Effect (CME) and can be measured through charged-particle angular correlations. Measurements of the γ 1,1 correlator, which is sensitive to the CME, are shown for Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=5.02TeV as well as for Xe–Xe collisions at sNN=5.44TeV . These are found to have a significant charge dependence between opposite-sign and same-sign charge pairs. This behavior is consistent with a CME-like signal. However, the δ 1 correlator, which measures charge correlations unrelated to any symmetry plane (i.e. background), was measured in Xe–Xe collisions and also shows a significant charge dependence. This prevents a clear interpretation of the γ 1,1 correlator. Novel methods to constrain the CME contribution to the γ 1,1 correlator are necessary

Production des bosons Z et du double charme avec ALICE auprès du LHC

In Nature, free quarks and gluons cannot be observed due to the confinement properties of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). However, in extreme conditions, a state of matter called the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) is formed in which quarks and gluons are deconfined. The QGP can be created and studied by colliding ultrarelativistic heavy nuclei. At the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), collisions between lead (Pb) nuclei take place and are studied at the various experiments. In this thesis we present measurements on Z bosons and J/ψ, reconstructed in the muon spectrometer of the ALICE detector. Observations from PbPb collisions are subject to effects unrelated to the QGP, and it is important to disentangle these from QGP effects. In particular, parton distributions are different in heavy nuclei than in unbound protons and neutrons. In order to describe the production of probes with large transverse momentum, special objects called nuclear parton distribution functions (nPDFs) are necessary. They are a crucial ingredient of calculations of cross sections in heavy ion collisions, but cannot be obtained from first principles calculations in QCD. Instead, they are instead obtained from fits to data which include, among others, measurements of electroweak bosons. The latter can therefore be used to constrain or verify the accuracy of the nPDFs. In this thesis, the production of Z bosons in PbPb collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of 5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector is reported. The results strongly show a preference for models that take nuclear modifications to PDFs into account. This indicates that parton distributions in nucleiare not a simple superposition of protons and neutrons.In the near future, proton-oxygen and oxygen-oxygen collisions will take place at the LHC. We detail projections of Z boson production in these collisions, obtained by extrapolating existing cross sections from the ALICE and LHCb experiments. With the expected integrated luminosities for the two collision systems, measurements are found to be unfeasible.In proton-proton collisions, heavy particles such as the J/ψ are produced from a single partonic scatter-ing (SPS). It is possible to create a pair of J/ψ from such a process, as opposed to a single J/ψ. However, J/ψ pairs can also be created through another mech-anism. Because the densities of partons increase rapidly at high energies, it becomes possible for two parton scatterings to occur during a single pp colli-sion. This is referred to as double parton scattering (DPS). J/ψ pairs can therefore be used as a tool to study relative contributions of SPS and DPS. In this thesis, a measurement of the production cross section of J/ψ pairs in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV is presented. The measurement serves as a first of its kind in ALICE. It shows good agreement the cross section obtained by LHCb collaboration, al-though experimental uncertainties are large. Future LHC data taking periods will provide a larger data sample, which will allow for a measurement with bet-ter experimental precision. This could enable a mea-surement in which SPS and DPS contributions can be separated.Dans la nature, les propriétés de con-finement du chromodynamique quantique (QCD) interdisent l’observation de quarks et de gluons libres. Cependant, dans des conditions extrêmes, un état de matière appelé le plasma de quarks et gluons (QGP) dans lequel les quarks et gluons sont déconfinés peut exister. Ce QGP peut être créé et étudié grâce à des collisions entre des noyaux lourds ultra-relativistes. Au Large Hadron Collider (LHC), des collisions entre des noyaux de plomb (Pb) prennent place et sont étudiées dans plusieurs expériences. Cette thèse présente les mesures de la production de bosons Z et de J/ψ reconstruits dans le spectromètre à muons du détecteur ALICE.Certaines observables dans les collisions PbPb sont impactées par des effets non liés au QGP, effets qu’il est important de décorréler de ceux liés au QGP. Les distributions des partons dans les noyaux (nPDF) qui jouent un rôle important dans de nombreux processus en sont un très bon exemple. Les nPDF constituent un ingrédient crucial pour les calculs des sections efficaces dans des collisions d’ions lourds et elles ne peuvent pas être obtenues par des calculs QCD. Les nPDF sont obtenues par des ajustements aux don-nées de certaines mesures incluant, parmi d’autres, celle des bosons électrofaibles. Ces dernières peu-vent donc être utilisées pour contraindre ou vérifier la justesse des nPDFs. Dans cette thèse, la production des bosons Z dans des collisions PbPb à une énergie de 5.02 TeV par paire de nucléons dans le centre de masse avec le détecteur ALICE est détaillée. Les résultats montrent une forte préférence pour les modèles qui incluent des modifications nucléaires dans les PDF. Cela indique que les distributions des partons dans les noyaux ne sont pas des superposi-tions simples des protons et neutrons.Dans un avenir proche, des collisions proton-oxygène et oxygène-oxygène prendront place au LHC. Les estimations de la production du boson Z dans ces col-lisions, obtenues par l’extrapolation des sections efficaces actuelles des expériences ALICE et LHCb sont calculées. Avec la luminosité intégrée attendue pour ces deux systèmes de collision, le mesure apparaît comme impossible.Dans une collision proton-proton, les particules lourdes comme le J/ψ sont produites dans une collision parton-parton dure et unique (SPS). Il est également possible de créer une paire de J/ψ via ce même processus. La densité des partons augmentant rapide-ment à hautes énergies, il devient possible que deux diffusions prennent place lors une seule collision pp. Cette double diffusion dure de parton (DPS) constitue un autre mécanisme de génération d’une paire de J/ψ. La production de paires de J/ψ peut par conséquent être utilisée pour étudier les contributions relatives des processus SPS et DPS. Dans cette thèse, une mesure de la section efficace des paires de J/ψ dans des collisions proton-protons à une énergie de 13 TeV par paire de nucléon dans le centre de masse est rapportée pour la première fois dans ALICE. Elle montre, malgré des incertitudes expérimentales importantes, un bon accord avec la section efficace obtenue par la collaboration LHCb. Les futures prises des données au LHC fourniront une statistique plus importante qui permettra de faire une mesure de meilleure précision dans laquelle les contributions SPS et DPS pourraient être séparées