Clinicopathological study of surgical margins in squamous cell carcinoma of buccal mucosa

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the margins of resected specimen of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and to document the surgical margin (measured at the time of resection) and margins at the time of pathological examination (after immersion of the specimen in formalin).MethodsPatients who were diagnosed and confirmed with squamous carcinoma of buccal mucosa were included in the study. Patients underwent resection of the tumor with a margin of 1 cm. Soon after resection, the distance between outermost visible margin of the tumor and the margin of the specimen was measured and documented. Specimens were fixed in 10% formalin and submitted for gross and histopathological examination. The closest histopathologic margin was compared with the in situ margin (10 mm) to determine and document any shrinkage of the margin and the percentage of discrepancy if any.ResultsA total of 52 specimens were collected from patients between January 2014 and December 2014. All specimens were obtained from the oral cavity (n = 52) of which 43 (82.7%) were squamous cell carcinoma and 9 (17.3%) were verrucous variant of squamous cell carcinoma. The average decrease in tumor margins measured after fixation in formalin was found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05) in 65% of cases.ConclusionTumor margin shrinks significantly after formalin fixation by about 25%. The operating surgeon and pathologist should be well aware of such changes while planning for further management thereby ensuring adequate margin of resection and adjuvant treatment wherever required to prevent possible local recurrence of the disease

Effect of different seeding methods on green manure biomass, soil properties and rice yield in rice-based cropping systems

The cultivation of green manure crops plays an important role in soil quality and the sustainability of agricultural systems. Field experiments were conducted during one season (2007/2008) to evaluate the effects of different seeding methods on the biomass and N production of hairy vetch (Vicia villosa) and barley (Hordeum vuglare). The effects of treatments on rice yield and its components were also investigated. Specifically, the following four treatments were evaluated: broadcasting before rice harvesting (BBRH), partial tillage seeding (PTS), group seeding (GS) and drill seeding (DS). The overall results showed the following ranking of biomass and nitrogen production of hairy vetch by different seeding methods: BBRH &gt; PTS &gt; DS &gt; GS. Additionally, biomass and nitrogen production of barley was lower than those of hairy vetch at all tested seeding treatments. BBRH and PTS treatments led to an increase in soil bulk density, porosity and soil organic content. The application of green manure with BBRH and PTS treatments led to a significant increase in rice yield (5,330 and 5,320 kg ha-1) when compared to conventional fertilization. Based on the results, BBRH and PTS are good practices for production of green manure in paddy soil. Chemical fertilizers can be replaced with hairy vetch as green manure in rice-based cropping systems.Key words: Green manure, rice, biomass, soil property, seeding method

Achieving provider engagement: providers' perceptions of implementing and delivering integrated care

The literature on integrated care is limited with respect to practical learning and experience. Although some attention has been paid to organizational processes and structures, not enough is paid to people, relationships, and the importance of these in bringing about integration. Little is known, for example, about provider engagement in the organizational change process, how to obtain and maintain it, and how it is demonstrated in the delivery of integrated care. Based on qualitative data from the evaluation of a large-scale integrated care initiative in London, United Kingdom, we explored the role of provider engagement in effective integration of services. Using thematic analysis, we identified an evolving engagement narrative with three distinct phases: enthusiasm, antipathy, and ambivalence, and argue that health care managers need to be aware of the impact of professional engagement to succeed in advancing the integrated care agenda

Cystic artery pseudo-aneurysm: a complication of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis

A 54-year-old man presented for radiology with pain and a feeling of fullness in the upper abdomen and an epigastric mass. Ultrasound revealed a large cystic mass with internal echoes, lying posterior and inferior to left lobe of the liver. The gallbladder was thick-walled and contracted, and contained a calculus and echogenic sludge. A cystic structure that produced swirling flow signals on colour Doppler was demonstrated within the gallbladder. The CT scan showed a thickened gallbladder with adjacent inflammation and a 2-cm pseudo-aneurysm in its wall. High-density material was present in the gallbladder lumen, in the extra-hepatic bile ducts and around the gastrohepatic ligament. A thick haemorrhagic pus, from which Escherichia coli was cultured, was drained from the gastrohepatic collection. An elective coeliac angiogram demonstrated a solitary pseudo-aneurysm of the medial branch of the cystic artery. Selective catheterisation of this artery with a micro-catheter enabled complete exclusion of the pseudo-aneurysm by a single micro-coil. Histological examination of the gallbladder, which was ultimately removed at open cholecystectomy, demonstrated xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis

Dependence of Physical Parameters of Compound Semiconductors on Refractive Index

Interesting relationships have been found between refractive index, plasmon energy, electronic polarisability, bond length, microhardness, bulk modulus, force constants and lattice energy. An attempt has been made for the first time to correlate only one physical parameter with others. The calculated values are in good agreement with the experimental values as well as with the values reported in the literature. Refractive index data is the only one parameter required to estimate all the above parameters

Hesperidin Loaded Liposomes for the Treatment of Diabetes and Hypertension

Antimicrobial agents, cancer treatments, diabetes drugs, hypertension drugs, antifungal drugs, peptide hormones, enzymes, vaccines, and genetic materials are just some of the many drugs that Hesperidin loaded Liposomes (HLLs) have been shown to improve the delivery of in recent years. Liposomes can be broken down further into subgroups based on lamellarity, size, charge, and function due to variations in preparation processes and lipid compositions. They can be used for drug delivery via several routes of administration thanks to their adaptable behaviour, which is not dependent on their solubility. Liposomes loaded with hesperidin have the ability to target a chemical to specific tissues, potentially improving the therapeutic efficacy of several drugs. Medications' in vitro and in vivo efficacy can both be boosted by a drug delivery technology called hesperidin-loaded liposomes it can also decrease its toxicity, and increase its efficacy by delivering the molecule in a more regulated fashion. This article discusses analytical methods for managing physical, chemical, and biological characteristics in the production of various drugs, as well as ways for creating hesperidin-loaded liposomes. The main characteristics of the formation and manufacturing processes of liposome nanocarriers are covered in this article, with a focus on the structural characteristics and crucial factors that govern the development of acceptable and stable formulations. We detail the primary benefits (and drawbacks) of each method, as well as their suitability for mass industrial manufacturing

Optical Response of DyN

We report measurements of the optical response of polycrystalline DyN thin films. The frequency-dependent complex refractive index in the near IR-visible-near UV was determined by fitting reflection/transmission spectra. In conjunction with resistivity measurements these identify DyN as a semiconductor with 1.2 eV optical gap. When doped by nitrogen vacancies it shows free carrier absorption and a blue-shifted gap associated with the Moss-Burstein effect. The refractive index of 2.0+/-0.1 depends only weakly on energy. Far infrared reflectivity data show a polar phonon of frequency 280 cm-1 and dielectric strength delta epsilon= 20

The Role of Cerebral Embolic Protection Devices During Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement is the therapy of choice for patients with severe aortic stenosis who have prohibitive or high surgical risk. However, the benefit of TAVR is attenuated by the occurrence of major disabling stroke which is associated with increased mortality and early-reduced quality of life. Despite advances in TAVR technology, stroke remains a serious complication that is associated with significant negative outcomes. The majority of these occur in the acute phase following TAVR where cerebral embolic events are frequent. Cerebral embolic protection devices (CEPD) have been developed to minimize the risk of peri-procedural ischemic stroke during TAVR. CEPD have the potential to reduce intraprocedural burden of new silent ischemic injury. In this review we outline the etiology and incidence of stroke in TAVR population, and systematically review current evidence for cerebral embolic protection devices