Evaluación Ambiental Estratégica : La oportunidad de aplicación a la minería del litio en Argentina

La Evaluación Ambiental Estratégica (EAE en adelante) es una herramienta de gestión ambiental que permite incorporar la variable ambiental, y la sustentabilidad en general, en el análisis de Planes, Políticas y Programas (PPP) que se encuentran en etapa de diseño, y proponer medidas de mejora, así como de seguimiento, control y evaluación. Es decir, permite incorporar la variable ambiental de forma transversal en todo tipo de políticas públicas, en sus diferentes niveles, a través de un procedimiento metodológico que no es excesivamente complejo. La minería no goza en Argentina de una alta reputación social, en gran medida por la percepción sobre su desempeño ambiental, y su falta de integración propositiva en relación con las comunidades locales. Argentina tiene un gran potencial como productor de litio, con un desarrollo aún incipiente en cuanto a cantidad de proyectos, y con localización geográfica principalmente en tres provincias del NOA, por lo cual resulta un momento propicio para proponer la realización de una planificación regional de la actividad, y que, a través de la EAE incorpore la variable ambiental, obteniendo resultados esperados tales como ordenamiento territorial con identificación de zonas prioritarias, oportunidades de desarrollo de proyectos integrados, necesidades de desarrollo de infraestructura, oportunidades para la creación de áreas de protección y áreas de sacrificio, validación social de la actividad, impactos sociales y laborales , durante la explotación y al momento de su cierre, entre otras cuestiones.The Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA hereinafter) is an environmental management tool that allows incorporating the environmental variable, and sustainability in general, in the analysis of Plans, Policies and Programs that are in a design stage, and proposing improvement measures, as well as monitoring, control and evaluation. In other words, it allows incorporating the environmental variable in a transversal way in all types of public policies, at different levels, through a methodological procedure that is not excessively complex. Mining does not count with a high social reputation in Argentina, largely due to the perception of its environmental performance, and its lack of purposeful integration with local communities. Argentina has great potential as a lithium producer, with a still incipient development in terms of number of projects, and with geographical location mainly in three provinces of the NOA, therefore it is an appropriate moment to carry out a regional planning of the activity, and that, through the SEA, it incorporates the environmental variable, obtaining expected results such as land use planning with identification of priority areas, opportunities for the development of integrated projects, infrastructure development needs, opportunities for the creation of Protected and productive areas, social validation of the activity, social and labor impacts, during exploitation and at the time of its closure, among other issues.Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociale

Hall effect in the vicinity of quantum critical point in Tm1-xYbxB12

The angular, temperature and magnetic field dependences of Hall resistance roH for the rare-earth dodecaboride solid solutions Tm1-xYbxB12 have been studied in a wide vicinity of the quantum critical point (QCP) xC~0.3. The measurements performed in the temperature range 1.9-300 K on high quality single crystals allowed to find out for the first time in these fcc compounds both an appearance of the second harmonic contribution in ro2H at QCP and its enhancement under the Tm to ytterbium substitution and/or with increase of external magnetic field. When the Yb concentration x increases a negative maximum of a significant amplitude was shown to appear on the temperature dependences of Hall coefficient RH(T) for the Tm1-xYbxB12 compounds. Moreover, a complicated activation type behavior of the Hall coefficient is observed at intermediate temperatures for x>0.5 with activation energies Eg~200K and Ea~55-75K in combination with the sign inversion of RH(T) at low temperatures in the coherent regime. The density of states renormalization effects are analyzed within the variation of Yb concentration and the features of the charge transport in various regimes (charge gap formation, intra-gap manybody resonance and coherent regime) are discussed in detail in Tm1-xYbxB12 solid solutions.Comment: 38 pages including 10 figures, 70 reference