Comparison of birth growth indices between newborns of depressed and non-depressed women

زمینه و هدف: اختلال افسردگی بویژه در میان زنان در سنین باروری دارای شیوع نسبتاً بالا و کیفیت ناتوان کننده ای است. با توجه به تأثیر سوء احتمالی افسردگی در دوران بارداری بر روند رشد طبیعی جنین و کودک و از طرف دیگر اهمیت شاخص های رشدی بدو تولد نوزادان در کیفیت زندگی آینده آنان، این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تأثیر افسردگی مادران در دوره حاملگی بر شاخص های رشدی جنین آنان انجام گرفت. روش بررسی: این مطالعه یک بررسی مشاهده ای به روش هم گروهی و آینده نگر است که تعداد 320 مادر حامله روستایی شهرستان نجف آباد که در سه ماهه سوم حاملگی خود بودند به روش تصادفی آسان به عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. ابتدا کلیه این مادران بوسیله آزمون استاندارد افسردگی بک مورد سنجش از نظر وضعیت ابتلاء به افسردگی قرار گرفتند و سپس اطلاعات مربوط به شاخص های رشدی بدو تولد نوزادان 300 مادر، از پرونده های خانوار موجود در خانه های بهداشت استخراج و ثبت گردید. مجموعه اطلاعات جمع آوری شده با استفاده آزمون های آماری مجذور کا و t تست مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. یافته ها: شیوع افسردگی در مادران مورد مطالعه 3/29 بود که این شیوع با ناخواسته بودن حاملگی رابطه معنی دار داشت (001/0

Comparison of birth growth indices between newborns of depressed and non-depressed women

زمینه و هدف: اختلال افسردگی بویژه در میان زنان در سنین باروری دارای شیوع نسبتاً بالا و کیفیت ناتوان کننده ای است. با توجه به تأثیر سوء احتمالی افسردگی در دوران بارداری بر روند رشد طبیعی جنین و کودک و از طرف دیگر اهمیت شاخص های رشدی بدو تولد نوزادان در کیفیت زندگی آینده آنان، این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تأثیر افسردگی مادران در دوره حاملگی بر شاخص های رشدی جنین آنان انجام گرفت. روش بررسی: این مطالعه یک بررسی مشاهده ای به روش هم گروهی و آینده نگر است که تعداد 320 مادر حامله روستایی شهرستان نجف آباد که در سه ماهه سوم حاملگی خود بودند به روش تصادفی آسان به عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. ابتدا کلیه این مادران بوسیله آزمون استاندارد افسردگی بک مورد سنجش از نظر وضعیت ابتلاء به افسردگی قرار گرفتند و سپس اطلاعات مربوط به شاخص های رشدی بدو تولد نوزادان 300 مادر، از پرونده های خانوار موجود در خانه های بهداشت استخراج و ثبت گردید. مجموعه اطلاعات جمع آوری شده با استفاده آزمون های آماری مجذور کا و t تست مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. یافته ها: شیوع افسردگی در مادران مورد مطالعه 3/29 بود که این شیوع با ناخواسته بودن حاملگی رابطه معنی دار داشت (001/0

Assessment of TGF-β3 on production of aggrecan by human articular chondrocytes in pellet culture system

Background: The Autologous Chondrocytes Transplantation (ACT) method is being studied for repair of cartilage diseases. As the chondrocytes dedifferentiated during monolayer culture, three‑dimensional cultures are suggested to redifferentiate them. The aim of this study was investigation of the effect of TGF‑β3 growth factor on chondrocytes in pellet culture system. Materials and Methods: The chondrocytes were isolated from three human articular cartilages by enzymatic digestion. The cells of the second passage were transferred to pellet culture system. We determined the chondrogenic medium with TGF‑β3 as the experimental group and without it as the control group. After 2 weeks, the aggrecan production was investigated using histological and immunohistochemical (IHC) methods. Results: The presence of glycosaminoglycans was proved through Toluiden blue staining. Comparison of IHC results using MATLAB software showed that aggrecan in the experimental group was significantly higher than in the control group (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: The presence of TGF‑β3 in the chondrogenic medium could lead to the production of more aggrecan in chondrocytes cultivated in pellet culture system

The Effect of Platelet Rich Plasma on Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose Derived Stem Cells in Transwell Culture

  Objective(s): Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has recently emerged as a promising strategy in regenerative medicine due to its multiple endogenous growth factors. Little is known about the role of PRP as a promoter in chondrogenesis of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs). The aim of this study was to determine whether PRP may be considered as a natural and easy achievable source of growth factors to promote the chondrogenic differentiation of hADSCs in Transwell culture.   Materials and Methods : Biochemical, immunohistological and molecular assays were used to evaluate the effect of different concentrations (5%, 10%, and 15%) of PRP on chondrogenic differentiation of hADSCs in Transwell culture. Results : The cells in the presence of 10% PRP produced markedly higher amounts of GAG and DNA, in comparison to the control group. PRP also increased chondrogenic markers in these cells, such as sox-9, aggrecan and collagen type II. A high expression level of collagen type X as a hypertrophic marker was observed in cartilage produced by using either PRP or TGF-β1. Conclusion : Our findings indicate that autologous PRP at an optimum concentration had beneficial effects on differentiation of hADSCs in Transwell culture. Further, in vivo studies are necessary to fully define the clinical implications of PRP

A comparative study of aggrecan synthesis between natural articular chondrocytes and differentiated chondrocytes from adipose derived stem cells in 3D culture

Introduction: The main obstacle for tissue engineering is to find the most appropriate cell which is able to produce extracellular matrix (ECM) similar or better than natural chondrocytes in vitro. This study compared aggrecan synthesis′s potential between differentiated chondrocytes (DCs) from adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and natural articular chondrocytes (NCs) in 3D culture in vitro. Materials and Methods: Human ADSCs were isolated from sub-cutaneous adipose tissue and then the surface markers including CD 14, 45 CD105, CD90, CD44 were analyzed by flow cytometry. Also human articular chondrocytes were yielded of non-weight bearing area of Knee cartilage. Both types of the cells were encapsulated in alginate scaffolds and cultured in chondrogenic medium with and without TGFβ3 for 3 weeks. Then the extent of aggercan (AGC) production was evaluated by ELISA on days 14 and 21. Results: Our findings indicated that differentiated chondrocytes (DCs) with and without TGFβ3 synthesized more AGC than natural chondrocytes (NCs) on day 14. But DCs without TGFβ3 had higher production than other groups on day 21. Application of TGFβ3 resulted in an increase of amount of AGC in DCs on day 14 but a decrease on day 21 than same group. Conclusion: Since, aggrecan is an important chondrogenic marker, it was concluded that ADSCs can be possible reliable alternative cell source for cartilage tissue engineering in future

A papain-induced disc degeneration model for the assessment of thermo-reversible hydrogel-cells therapeutic approach

Nucleus pulposus (NP) regeneration by the application of injectable cell-embedded hydrogels is an appealing approach for tissue engineering. We investigated a thermo-reversible hydrogel (TR-HG), based on a modified polysaccharide with a thermo-reversible polyamide [poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), pNIPAM], which is made to behave as a liquid at room temperature and hardens at > 32 °C. In order to test the hydrogel, a papain-induced bovine caudal disc degeneration model (PDDM), creating a cavity in the NP, was employed. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) or autologous bovine NP cells (bNPCs) were seeded in TR-HG; hMSCs were additionally preconditioned with rhGDF-5 for 7 days. Then, TR-HG was reversed to a fluid and the cell suspension injected into the PDDM and kept under static loading for 7 days. Experimental design was: (D1) fresh disc control + PBS injection; (D2) PDDM + PBS injection; (D3) PDDM + TR-HG (material control); (D4) PDDM + TR-HG + bNPCs; (D5) PDDM + TR-HG + hMSCs. Magnetic resonance imaging performed before and after loading, on days 9 and 16, allowed imaging of the hydrogel-filled PDDM and assessment of disc height and volume changes. In gel-injected discs the NP region showed a major drop in volume and disc height during culture under static load. The RT–PCR results of injected hMSCs showed significant upregulation of ACAN, COL2A1, VCAN and SOX9 during culture in the disc cavity, whereas the gene expression profile of NP cells remained unchanged. The cell viability of injected cells (NPCs or hMSCs) was maintained at over 86% in 3D culture and dropped to ~72% after organ culture. Our results underline the need for load-bearing hydrogels that are also cyto-compatible