The Assessment of Elderly Recreation and Leisure Activities Construction Center: A Case Study in Rasht

In this study, we tried to measure the amount of elderly need to Recreation Construction Center and the impact of constructing each of its artistic activities including  daily, and cultural, sports, entertainment, religious and social activities to increase their life expectancy as well as the elderly tend to do any of the variables. The population of the study were all patients older than 60 years in Rasht city. Among them, 384 samples were selected by random sampling method. After collecting the data through questionnaires, by using statistical tests, and correlation coefficient, relationship between variables was tested and was ranked by Friedman test. The results of this study show that in the context of constructing the recreation centers, 84.4 percent of elderly people approved the role of constructing the center in increasing the life expectancy. Also, according to software output, about 76 percent of elderly believed the role of effectiveness of the various activities could increase life expectancy. The Friedman test indicates that the variables have the greatest impact  on the effectiveness and increasing the life expectancy of exercise (Mean: 5.15), social activities (4.30) and religious activities (4.29). Further, the results suggest that the above-mentioned difference was significant and generalizeable to the target population

The Assessment of Elderly Recreation and Leisure Activities Construction Center: A Case Study in Rasht

In this study, we tried to measure the amount of elderly need to Recreation Construction Center and the impact of constructing each of its artistic activities including  daily, and cultural, sports, entertainment, religious and social activities to increase their life expectancy as well as the elderly tend to do any of the variables. The population of the study were all patients older than 60 years in Rasht city. Among them, 384 samples were selected by random sampling method. After collecting the data through questionnaires, by using statistical tests, and correlation coefficient, relationship between variables was tested and was ranked by Friedman test. The results of this study show that in the context of constructing the recreation centers, 84.4 percent of elderly people approved the role of constructing the center in increasing the life expectancy. Also, according to software output, about 76 percent of elderly believed the role of effectiveness of the various activities could increase life expectancy. The Friedman test indicates that the variables have the greatest impact  on the effectiveness and increasing the life expectancy of exercise (Mean: 5.15), social activities (4.30) and religious activities (4.29). Further, the results suggest that the above-mentioned difference was significant and generalizeable to the target population

USPOREDBA DREVNIH ZAKONA O ABORTUSU PERZIJE, GRČKE I RIMA

Since the dawn of medicine, medical rights and ethics have always been one of mankind’s concerns. In any civilisation, attention paid to medical laws and ethics depends on the progress of human values and the advancement of medical science. The history of various civilisations teaches that each had its own views on medical ethics, but most had something in common. Ancient civilisations such as Greece, Rome, or Assyria did not consider the foetus to be alive and therefore to have human rights. In contrast, ancient Persians valued the foetus as a living person equal to others. Accordingly, they brought laws against abortion, even in cases of sexual abuse. Furthermore, abortion was considered to be a murder and punishments were meted out to the mother, father, and the person performing it.Od samih početaka medicine, čovječanstvo se bavilo medicinskim pravima i etikom. Svaka je civilizacija posvećivala onoliko pažnje medicinskim zakonima i etici koliko je bila napredna u poštivanju ljudskih vrijednosti i medicinskoj znanosti. Povijest civilizacija uči nas da je svaka imala vlastite poglede, ali su u mnogočemu oni bili zajednički. Antičke civilizacije poput grčke, rimske ili asirske, fetus nisu smatrale živim bićem pa mu stoga nisu davale ni ljudska prava. Za razliku od njih, Perzijanci su fetus smatrali živom osobom s jednakim pravima kao i drugih ljudi. Stoga su zabranjivali abortus, čak i u slučajevima spolnog zlostavljanja. Štoviše, abortus se smatrao umorstvom, a kažnjavali su se i majka i otac i osoba koja bi obavila postupak

Antenatal umbilical coiling index in gestational diabetes mellitus and non-gestational diabetes pregnancy

Objective: Umbilical cord abnormalities increase fetal morbidity and mortality. This study was designed to compare antenatal umbilical coiling index (aUCI) in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and non-gestational diabetes mellitus (non-GDM) pregnancy, considering uncertainties about the best time to perform antenatal ultrasonography scan. Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, 246 parturients were included, 123 with GDM and 123 with non-GDM pregnancy. Gestational diabetes was confirmed at 24–28 weeks of gestation (WG) using one-step strategy. An anatomical ultrasound survey of placenta and umbilical cord was performed at 18–23 as well as 37–41 weeks of gestational age. Results: At 18–23 WG, the frequency distribution (10th, 90th percentiles, mean ± SD) of the aUCI in the GDM and non-GDM groups were (0.13,0.66,0.32 ± 0.19) and (0.18,0.74, 0.4 ± 0.31) respectively. These values were (0.12,0.4, 0.25 ± 0.11) in the GDM group at 37–41 WG and (0.17,0.43, 0.29 ± 0.11) in the non-GDM group. A significant relationship was detected between UCI value and GDM/non-GDM groups at both antenatal evaluations (18–23 WG; P = 0.002, 37–41WG; P 90th) (P = 0.001). However, hypocoiling were significantly more frequent in GDM than non-GDM in both antenatal evaluations (P < 0.001, P = 0.006). Conclusion: Antenatal UCI in pregnancy complicated by GDM were lower in comparison with non-GDM pregnancy. The most abnormal pattern of coiling in gestational diabetes was hypocoiling in both trimesters. In addition, 18–23 WG is the best time to perform ultrasound scan to detect aUCI and umbilical cord pattern. Keywords: Antenatal, Gestational diabetes mellitus, 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, Ultrasonography, Umbilical coiling inde