Custo Total de Propriedade (Total Cost Ownership) para Decisões de Investimentos em Tecnologia de Informação (TI)Total Cost Ownership for Information Technology Investment Decisions (IT)

Este artigo destaca a importância da análise do Total Cost Ownership (TCO), aplicado ao contexto atual, especialmente para a gestão de investimentos em Tecnologia de Informação (TI). O objetivo de pesquisa foi elaborar um frame com pesquisas sobre o TCO e propor um instrumento para auxiliar nas análises e decisões envolvendo os gastos e investimentos em (TI). Quanto aos aspectos metodológicos, trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa e descritiva, adotando a pesquisa bibliográfica, consulta de indicadores de TI, da Pesquisa Anual de uso da TI, da Fundação Getulio Vargas, que traz o Índice de Custo Anual por Teclado (equipamento) (CAPT), equiparado ao TCO e para a última etapa de pesquisa, no ambiente empresarial, foram analisados dois estudos de casos. Dessa forma, obtivemos informações dos investimentos efetuados em Sistemas de Informação, junto aos gestores das empresas. E por fim, foi desenvolvido um instrumento para análise do custo total de propriedade, que é a principal contribuição da pesquisa. A limitação desta refere-se a pouca familiaridade dos gestores em relação à aplicação plena do TCO, sendo assim, para pesquisas futuras sugere-se novas etapas de análise e acompanhar os resultados por período maior de tempo

ショクドウガン ジュツゴ ソウキ ニ キカン イカンロウ オ ガッペイ シタ 1レイ

The patient was a４５-year-old man. He had suffered from nephrotic syndrome at time of his twenties and had steroid salvage treatment. But he retired the treatment by himself. Esophageal tumor was suspected at the screening, and he was referred to our hospital. Preoperative diagnosis was the adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction（cT２N０M０ stage Ⅱ）． Thoracoscopy assisted subtotal esophagectomy in prone position with D２dissection was performed. Gastric role was prepared in laparoscopic approach, and pulled up to the neck via posterior mediastinal route. Although early postoperative course was uneventful and esophageal fluoroscopy on the７th day showed no leakage, sudden dyspnea appeared on the８th day. CT examination and Bronchoscopy showed tracheoesophageal fistula. Unfortunately, the fistula didn’t get well, and we considered that it was difficult to close the fistula by only conservative treatment. Esophageal covered stent was inserted on the５６th day. After that, he could start ingestion intake and was discharged from hospital on the８５th day. Now, he is being followed up in our hospital

チュウスイ ゲンパツ フクゴウガタ セン シンケイ ナイブンピツ ガン ノ イチチケンレイ

A５２-year-old man visited our hospital because of epigastralgia. The colonoscopic examination revealed an about ４cm-protruded lesion like SMT on the appendix and findings of the biopsy specimen were compatible with the disgnosis of signet ring cell carcinoma. The primary lesion was unknown by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, CT and PET, and the tumor markers were normal revel. At laparotomy, severe peritoneal metastasis was revealed in the abdominal cavity, especially appendix. Severe stenosis of ileocecum was found, so we conducted ileocecal resection. The histopathological diagnosis was primary signet ring cell caicinoma of appendix, SE, N２, M０, P３, pStage Ⅳ. Postoperatively mFOLFOX was started, but allergic reaction was seen after１cycle. We started Panitumumab/CPT-１１and the patient attended our emergency department with shivering chill and fever on treatment day１０. The next day he became shock state and CT revealed free air. Operation might not save his life and we started supportive care. He died on the day. The cause of his death was peritonitis by cancer perforation

Numerical and theoretical study of particle saltation on an obliquely oscillating plate

Particle saltation on an obliquely oscillating plate is simulated using a mass-point model that considers gravity, fluid resistance, restitution, and friction. The calculated results are in good agreement with results obtained experimentally for particles with different diameters and restitutions. A large particle with high restitution bounces forward and backward repeatedly, whereas a particle with low restitution only bounces forward and consequently has a high transport velocity. The mechanism for the difference in the motion of the particles can be explained by taking into account the phase angle of the oscillating plate and the impulse during particle collision

Collection of environmental DNA from stemflow for monitoring arboreal biodiversity: Preliminary validation using lichens

The forest canopy harbors a diverse array of organisms. However, monitoring their biodiversity poses challenges due to limited accessibility and the vast taxonomic diversity. To address these challenges, we present a novel method for capturing arboreal biodiversity by harnessing stemflow as a source of DNA from organisms inhabiting trees. Our method involves encircling the tree trunk with gauze, directing the stemflow along the gauze into a funnel, and collecting it in a plastic bag. We employed dual collection systems to retrieve environmental DNA (eDNA) from the stemflow: the gauze trap, designed to capture macroscopic biological fragments, and the plastic bag trap, which collected the stemflow itself. The trapped fragments and stemflow were separately filtered, and eDNA was subsequently extracted from the filter membranes. To validate our method, we focused on foliose lichens, which are easily observable on tree surfaces. We performed eDNA metabarcoding and successfully detected a majority of the observed foliose lichen species, including those not identified through visual observation alone. • We have developed a non-invasive and straightforward method for monitoring arboreal biodiversity by collecting eDNA from stemflow, which has been validated using lichens for its efficacy. • This cost-effective approach minimizes disruptions to tree ecosystems and is expected to provide an efficient means of sampling and monitoring arboreal organisms

TEMPO‐Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibers as Pseudocatalysts for in Situ and on‐Demand Hydrogen Generation via Aluminum Powder/Pure Water Reactions at a Temperature below 50 °C

Cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) prepared via 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐1‐oxyl (TEMPO)‐mediated oxidation of the C6 primary hydroxyls of native cellulose to carboxylates are used as pseudocatalysts for enhancing the aluminum powder/pure water reactions. The Al powder/pure water reaction is a stepwise reaction. It starts from hydration of the outmost native Al2O3 thin layer and then the reaction of the inner metallic Al with water. At lower temperatures ( 11) is dynamically generated, and as a result, the native Al2O3 thin layer dissolves rapidly via the reaction with OH− ions. The OH− ions function also as catalysts, accelerating the reaction of metallic Al with water. Al powders (2–200 μm) react promptly and a nearly 100% Al/H2 conversion is obtained at the reaction temperature below 50 °C

Continuous ictal discharges with high frequency oscillations confined to the non-sclerotic hippocampus in an epileptic patient with radiation-induced cavernoma in the lateral temporal lobe

Intraoperative electrocorticography recording is recommended for treating cavernoma-related epilepsy. However, interictal paroxysmal epileptiform activity is generally able to be recorded, but is not always identical to the epileptogenic zone.We surgically treated a 15-year-old girl with drug-resistant epilepsy associated with radiation-induced cavernoma in the right lateral temporal lobe. Electrocorticography revealed paroxysmal activities in the cortex around the cavernoma. Additionally, continuous subclinical “ictal” discharges with high-frequency oscillations confined to the histologically non-sclerotic hippocampus were recorded. Following additional hippocampectomy, a good seizure outcome was obtained.Intraoperative electrocorticography and high-frequency oscillation analysis revealed high epileptogenicity in the non-sclerotic hippocampus of this patient. Keywords: Cavernous malformation, Intraoperative electrocorticography, Hippocampal sclerosis, High-frequency oscillation

Antibacterial activity of lysozyme-chitosan oligosaccharide conjugates (LYZOX) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

The recent emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria requires the development of new antibiotics or new agents capable of enhancing antibiotic activity. This study evaluated the antibacterial activity of lysozyme-chitosan oligosaccharide conjugates (LYZOX) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which should resolve the problem of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Bactericidal tests showed that LYZOX killed 50% more P. aeruginosa (NBRC 13275), A. baumannii and MRSA than the control treatment after 60 min. In addition, LYZOX was shown to inhibit the growth of P. aeruginosa (NBRC 13275 and PAO1), A. baumannii and MRSA better than its components. To elucidate the antibacterial mechanism of LYZOX, we performed cell membrane integrity assays, N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine assays, 2-nitrophenyl β-D-galactopyranoside assays and confocal laser scanning microscopy. These results showed that LYZOX affected bacterial cell walls and increased the permeability of the outer membrane and the plasma membrane. Furthermore, each type of bacteria treated with LYZOX was observed by electron microscopy. Electron micrographs revealed that these bacteria had the morphological features of both lysozyme-treated and chitosan oligosaccharide-treated bacteria and that LYZOX destroyed bacterial cell walls, which caused the release of intracellular contents from cells. An acquired drug resistance test revealed that these bacteria were not able to acquire resistance to LYZOX. The hemolytic toxicity test demonstrated the low hemolytic activity of LYZOX. In conclusion, LYZOX exhibited antibacterial activity and low drug resistance in the presence of P. aeruginosa, A. baumannii and MRSA and showed low hemolytic toxicity. LYZOX affected bacterial membranes, leading to membrane disruption and the release of intracellular contents and consequent bacterial cell death. LYZOX may serve as a novel candidate drug that could be used for the control of refractory infections