44 research outputs found
Parvovirus-B19 and Hematologic Disorders
Parvovirus-B19 (PV-B19) is a member of Parvoviridae, which is one of the smallest DNA viruses. PV-B19-associated diseases usually serve as a good representation of the balance of virus, host response and the immune system. The diseases manifested with PV-B19 are erythema infectiosum, which is common in children, hydrops fetalis, transient pure red cell aplasia in patients with chronic hemolytic anemia, arthralgia - mostly observed in women, and chronic pure red cell aplasia in immunocompromised individuals. Cytopenia (bicytopenia, monocytopenia or pancytopenia) may also accompany the diseases mentioned above. On the other hand, there are many diseases, including neurologic, vasculitic, hepatic, rheumatoid, nephritic, autoimmune, myocardial, and others in which the mechanisms of the diseases are not clear, which may be associated with PV-B19. The virus may manifest with unexpected and unexplained clinical pictures and lead to misdiagnosis. Therefore, hematologic disorders in any unestablished clinical diagnosis should be investigated for PV-B19 infection. However, serologic examination for PV-B19 diagnosis is not sufficient in immunocompromised status. The virus can be determined with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the serum or tissue samples. Supportive therapy, blood transfusion and immunoglobulin are the conventional therapeutic interventions for PV-B19 today. Vaccination studies are under examination. (Turk J Hematol 2010; 27: 224-33)WoSScopu
An Unusual Case of Reactive Lymphocytosis Mimicking Acute Leukemia
The diagnosis of acute leukemia is based on a combination of clinical, hematological, morphological, cytogenetic, and immunophenotypic data. The authors report a case of reactive lymphocytosis with extremely elevated lymphocytic and lymphoblastic leukocytosis that mimicked acute lymphoblastic leukemia, not only morphologically, but also in immunophenotypic analysis. They could not determine any underlying disease marker other than infectious symptoms that were present for 20 days prior to presentation to their clinic. Although this case presented with extremely high lymphocytic leukocytosis, the patient had normal blood cell lineage, a moderate level of blastic cells in bone marrow, and normal physical findings. These findings convinced the authors to follow up the patient before beginning treatment.Wo
An Automated Image Analysis System Can be Beneficial in Preclassification of Leucocytes in Children with Hematological Disease.
This study was aimed to evaluate the analytical performance of an automated image analysis system (a pilot model of Diff Master™ Octavia) for the preclassification of leucocytes in children with hematological disease. Manual microscopy performed by pediatric hematologists was used as the reference method. Five mature cell class and blasts were evaluated. Diff Master Octavia correctly preclassified 87.4% of all leucocytes with a high reproducibility. The overall accuracy was found to be 93.0%. Clinical sensitivity was 97.7% and specificity was 76.0%. The average time per slide for Diff Master™ Octavia was 2.3 min lower than that of manual method. Our results indicated that the Diff Master™ Octavia can detect and preclassify leucocytes accurately; therefore, it can be used as an efficient and fast method in pediatric hematology routine. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 25:71–75, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.Wo
Hepatitis B Immunoglobulin in Combination with Lamivudine for Prevention of Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation in Children Undergoing Bone Marrow Transplantation
Abstract: There is little information in literature about the use of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIg) in recipients of bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Here, we report two children who received IV HBIg (Hepatect‐CP) and lamivudine treatment during BMT course for either patient or donor hepatitis B virus (HBV) viremia. A four‐year‐old girl underwent a fully human leukocyte antigen‐matched allogeneic BMT for thalassemia major from her mother positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). A 12‐yr‐old boy with chronic myeloid leukemia, positive for HBsAg and HBV‐DNA received a fully HLA‐matched allogeneic BMT from his sister in the first chronic phase of the disease. HBIg was successfully used in both cases to prevent HBV reactivation of the recipients. The results of our observations are encouraging and we suggest that HBIg in combination with lamivudine may be used in such cases especially in post‐transplant early period to prevent HBV reactivation.Wo
Design Of A Flow Diverter Mechanism And A Nozzle For A Hydro Turbine Experimental Test Rig
12th ASME Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis (ESDA2014), JUN 25-27, 2014, Copenhagen, DENMARK, ASMEHydro turbines used in hydroelectric power plants need to be designed and tested according to the specifications of the specific power plant, mainly the head and flow rate. Their models also need to be tested according to the standards provided by International Electrical Commission (IEC) before manufacturing the actual turbines. A Hydro turbine test rig at TOBB University of Economics and Technology is currently under construction to provide standardized tests for model turbines. A typical calibration system for a flow meter has four components; nozzle, flow diverter mechanism, weighing tank and load cells. The nozzle provides the regulation of water speed and supplies water to flow as a thin-sectioned profile. The flow diverter mechanism diverts the flow either to the weighing tank or to the reservoir. The flow rate is calculated from the collected mass and total time for the process. Calculated flow rate value is compared with the digitally measured values during the experiments, since the IEC standards require a real-time calibration for the flow rate. In this study, the flow diverter mechanism and the nozzle for this test rig is designed in order to meet several internationally acceptable standards
Hypereosinophilic Syndrome: Hacettepe Experience.
The aim was to evaluate baseline demographic, clinical,
and laboratory characteristics, treatment modalities, and outcome
of children with idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES)
followed up in our center. Children who fulfilled the criteria of
idiopathic HES followed up at Hacettepe University Faculty of
Medicine, Pediatric Hematology Department between June 2004
and October 2013 were included in this study. Medical records of
all children with idiopathic HES were reviewed to obtain regarding
data. The mean age of 6 children with idiopathic HES was
52.8± 44.3 months (13 to 132 mo) at diagnosis. Among 6 children
with idiopathic HES; 2 had pulmonary involvement; 1 had cardiac
and pulmonary involvement and splenomegaly; 1 had cardiac
involvement and hepatosplenomegaly; 1 had cardiac and central
nervous system involvement; and 1 had skin involvement. The
mean follow-up duration was 36.5± 31.4 months. Methyl prednisolone (MP) was used for the first-line therapy. Complete
response was achieved with MP in 3 children. All steroid responsive
children are alive; whereas 3 children who did not respond to MP
had expired. In conclusion, cardiac and pulmonary involvement is
the major causes of mortality in HES. Resistance to steroid therapy
indicates poor prognosisWo
Association of the Uncoupling Protein 2-866 G/A Polymorphism with Family History and Duration of Tobacco Use Disorder in a Turkish Population
Background: A variety of substances cause neurotoxicity by increasing intracellular oxidative stress, followed by mitochondrial dysfunction. Uncoupling proteins (UCPs) act as membrane transport proteins and reduce reactive oxygen products and mitochondrial calcium influx. We aimed to study UCP2-866 G/A gene polymorphism in tobacco use disorder (TUD) by comparing genotype distributions between TUD patients and healthy controls considering clinical parameters