Analysis and applicability of Mersin region wind speed data with artificial neural networks

In this study, wind speed data were analyzed in order to provide energy to the heating and electrical systems of a house with renewable energy sources in Mersin-Mut region. Three-year wind speed data is taken from the Turkey General Directorate of Meteorology in the region. Annual estimation was made with artificial neural networks using 28-day wind speed data for the studied area. Some of the wind data were used for training of the neural network, and some were used for testing. In the artificial neural network model, the most successful model was obtained by changing the number of neurons in the hidden layer. In the analysis made using eight neurons in the hidden layer, the lowest MAE and RMSE error values were calculated. While the number of neurons was eight, MAE and RMSE values were obtained as 0.4056 and 0.5403, respectively. In addition, analysis of wind data with WAsP software has been carried out for this region. Thus, the average instantaneous wind speed was determined according to the analysis studies

The Adsorption and Desorption of Cobalt and Nickel on Bentonite

DergiPark: 246039trakyafbdBu çalışmada, kobalt ve nikelin bentonit üzerine adsorpsiyonu ve bulunduğu matriksten desorpsiyonu amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca, kolon akış hızının ve kolonda kalma süresinin etkileri incelenmiştir. Maksimum verim için optimum şartlar tespit edilmiştir. Bentonit, organik ve inorganik iyonları iyi adsorplaması, ucuz ve her yerde bulunması nedeniyle çalışmamızda kullanılmıştır. Denge verileri Langmuir ve Freundlich izotermleri kullanılarak çizilmiştir. Herbir izoterm için karakteristik parametreler tespit edilmiştir. Langmuir ve Freundlich modelleri deneysel verilerle iyi bir uyum sağlamıştır.This study aims at the adsorption of cobalt, nickel on bentonite and the desorption from their matrix. Also column flow speed, remaining time in the column effects were investigated. For maximum yield optimum conditions was determined. Bentonite was used in our study due to adsorptive affinity for organic and inorganic ions, cheap and everywhere to be found. The equilibrium data was analysed using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The characteristics parameters for each isotherm were determined. The Langmuir and Freundlich models agree very well with experimental data

Solid waste electricity energy production project and cost: suggestions for Edirne cıty

İnsanlar yaşamlarını sürdürebilmek için beslenmek, barınmak, giyinme gibibirçok ihtiyaca sahiptir. Bu ihtiyaçların giderilmesinde en büyük yardımcılarıenerjidir. Çünkü enerji insanlığın ısınma, yemek pişirme gibi ihtiyaçlarının yanında bir şeyler üretebilme ihtiyaçlarını da karşılamaktadır. İnsanlar için bu yaşamsal öneme sahip bu konu ülkelerin de ekonomik kalkınmalarında, refah seviyelerinin artışında ve dünya üzerinde söz sahibi olmalarında önemli bir yere sahiptir. Enerji birçok unsurdan üretilebilir ve bu üretim yenilenemeyen ve yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları olarak sınıflandırılmaktadır. Yenilenemeyen enerji kaynaklarını diğer kaynaklardan ayıran en önemli özellik tükenir olması ve kullanımının çevreye zarar veriyor olmasıdır. Çevreye zararının bilinmesine rağmen kullanılmasının en önemli sebebi enerji ihtiyacına hızlı yanıt verebilmesidir. Yapılan araştırmalar dünya üzerindeki yenilenemeyen enerji rezervlerinin (petrol için 50,7 yıl, doğalgaz için 52,8 yıl, kömür için 114 yıl) kısa sürede tükeneceğini göstermektedir. Hem rezervlerin ömürlerinin bu denli kısa olması hem de insanlarda ve devletlerde artan çevre bilinci yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının kullanımının artmasına neden olmuştur. Bunun yanında insanlar ve devletler gelecek kuşakların yaşamsal faaliyetlerini gerçekleştirebilecekleri bir dünya için bir şeyler yapması gerektiğinin farkına varmıştır. Bu durum enerjide sürdürülebilirlik kavramını ortaya çıkarmıştır. Yenilenemeyen enerji kaynaklarının çevreye ve atmosfere verdiği kalıcı zararların giderilmesi, yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının kullanımı arttırmak ve sürdürülebilir bir enerji ve hatta sürdürülebilir bir dünya için ülkelerarası bir dizi işbirliği, anlaşma, direktif, yasa gibi emredici ve yapmayı zorunlu kılan faaliyetler her geçen gün artarak gerçekleşmektedir.People have many needs to keep living like feeding, sheltering, dressing. Energy is an assistant for them to cover their needs because it provides the need of producing something new alongside heating and cooking. This topic that is vitally important for human also have an important position for countries to develop their economy, increasing their welfare levels and having a voice on the world. Energy can be produced from many different resources which are classified as renewable and non-renewable. The most significant features which distinguish non-renewable resources from others is their exhaustibility and harm on the environment. The very reason of their consumption is that they can cover energy requirement quickly. Researches suggest that non-renewable energy reserves(for petrol 50.7 year, for natural gas 52.8 year, for coal 114 year) will be consumed away in a short span of time. Both the short life of reserves and increasing environmental awareness caused increased use of renewable energy resources. Besides, people and states have realized that they must do something for a world in which future generations can perform their vital activities. This situation has revealed the concept of sustainable energy. Each passing day, mandatory activities such as intercountry cooperation, agreement, directive and law take place for removing permanent damages of non-renewable energy resources to environment and atmospheres, increasing use of renewable energy resources, sustainable energy and even a sustainable world

Nano perceptional systems based on synthetic receptör

DoktoraBu çalışmada, dipikolinik asit (DPA) belleklere sahip Au ve Au-Ag nanosensörlerin moleküler baskılama (MIP) temelli sentezlenmesi ve bacillus anthracis sporlarının dedekte edilmesinde kullanılması incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, 8-OHdG belleklere sahip QCM elektrotun (MIP) temelli sentezlenmesi ve hasarlı DNA tayininde kullanılması, araştırılmıştır. Çalışmanın DPA nanosensör bölümünde, Au, Au-Ag nanopartiküllerin sentezlenmesi ve karakterizasyonu, metakrilamidosistein (MAC), metakriliminodiasetik asit (MAIDA), MAIDA-Cr, MAIDA-Cr-DPA monomer sistemlerinin sentezlenmesi ve karakterizasyonu, MIP temelli DPA belleklere sahip Au, Au-Ag nanosensörlerin sentezi ve karakterizasyonu yapılmış ve bu nanosensörlerin bacillus anthracis sporlarının tayininde kullanılabilirliği araştırılmıştır. Çalışmanın 8-OHdG QCM nanosensör bölümünde, Metakrilamidoantipirin (MAAP), MAAP-Fe(III), Metakrilamidohistidin (MAH), MAH-Pt(II) monomer sistemlerinin sentezi ve karakterizasyonu gerçekleştirilmiştir. MAH-Pt(II)-8-OHdG-MAAP-Fe(III) ön organize monomer sistemi kullanılarak hasarlı DNA nın bağlanma bölgelerini tanıyan belleklerin QCM elektrot yüzeyinde oluşturulması çalışmaları yapılmıştır.In this study, the synthesizing of Au and Au-Ag nanosensors having dipicolinic acid (DPA) memories based on molecular imprinting method (MIP) and the usage in bacillus anthracis spores recognition have been investigated. Also, 8-OHdG memories have been synthesized on the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) electrode based on molecular imprinting method and has used for the determination of damaged DNA. In the DPA nanosensor stage of the study; synthesis and characterization of Au, Au-Ag nanoparticles, synthesis and characterization of methacrylolycystein (MAC), methacryloyl iminodiacetic acid (MAIDA), MAIDA-Cr, MAIDA-Cr-DPA monomersystems, synthesis and characterization of Au and Au-Ag nanosensors having nanoshells with DPA based on MIP method have been applied and using these nanosensors in the determination of bacillus anthracis spores have been investigated. In the 8-OHdG nanosensor stage of the study; synthesis and caracterization of methacryloyl aminoantipyrine (MAAP), MAAP-Fe(III), methacryloyl histidine (MAH), MAH-Pt(II) monomers have been realized Besides, the memories which recognizes the binding site of damaged DNA have been developed on QCM electrode using MAH-Pt(II)-8-OHdG-MAAP-Fe(III) pre-organized monomer system

Effect of au nanoparticles doping on the properties of tio2 thin films

WOS:000342503200022In this study, pure and gold (Au) nanoparticles doped TiO2 thin films (Au/Ti = 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 at%) were prepared by sol-gel method and the impact of Au nanoparticles doping on the optical, structural and morphological properties of these thin films was examined. All thin films were characterized using ultraviolet-visible-near infrared (UV-Vis-NIR) spectrophotometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The optical band gap of the thin films increases from 3.74 eV to 3.89 eV with the increase of Au nanoparticles concentrations due to the Moss-Burstein effect. XRD results show that all thin films have cubic poly-crystal structure and the intensities of peaks of the crystalline phase increased with the increase of Au nanoparticles concentrations. The AFM results indicate that the TiO2 thin films are formed from the nanoparticles and the grain size of the films is changed with Au doping level. Consequently, it is shown that the structural, morphological and optical properties of the TiO2 thin films could be changed by Au nanoparticles-doping

Titanium dioxide thin films containing gold-silver nanoclusters by sol-gel technique

WOS:000339049100002Pure and Au-Ag nanoclusters-doped TiO2 thin films have been synthesized by the sol-gel method and the effect of Au-Ag nanoclusters doping on their structural, morphological and optical properties was investigated by of X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Ultraviolet-Visible-Near infrared (UV-Vis-NIR) spectrophotometry, respectively. XRD spectrum-indicated that all of TiO2 thin films were polycrystalline anatase with a body-centered tetragonal structure. SEM images show that all thin films are compact, dense and adhered well to the substrates. The maximum transmittance values of pure and TiO2 thin films are over 90% when Au-Ag nanoclusters concentration is up to 40% doping level. The optical band gap of the as-grown TiO2 thin films decreases from 3.63 to 3.31 with increasing dopant concentration. These results provide some useful references for the potential application of these thin films in device technology

Gadolinium chelate monomer based memories onto QCM electrodes for folic acid detection in commercial follow-on baby milk

WOS:000452363700066A novel folic acid-imprinted quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) nanosensor in order to detect folic acid depending on the fabrication of folic acid-imprinted polymer film on a QCM electrode was developed with methacrylamidoantipyrine-gadolinium (III) [MAAP-Gd(III)] used as a monomer for metal coordination-chelation interaction to obtain a more selective molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs). The developed folic acid-imprinted nanosensor on the MIP/QCM detection system showed outstanding properties such as a stronger affinity of 3.07x10(7)M(-1), a short response time of 10min, wider linear range of 0-100 mu M, a selectivity of k=8.25 and lower detection limit of 0.0080 mu M. After characterizing its all features, the newly designed folic acid-imprinted QCM nanosensor was utilized to detect folic acid level in commercial follow-on baby milk in order to determine its use in real samples

Gold-silver-nanoclusters having cholic acid imprinted nanoshell

WOS:000303305700055PubMed:22483924Molecular imprinted polymers (MIPs) as a recognition element for sensors are increasingly of interest and MIP-nanoparticles have started to appear in the literature. In this study, we have proposed a novel thiol ligand-capping method with polymerizable methacryloylamido-cysteine (MAC) attached to gold-silver-nanoclusters reminiscent of a self-assembled monolayer and have reconstructed surface shell by synthetic host polymers based on molecular imprinting method for cholic acid recognition. In this method, methacryloylamidohistidine-Pt(II)IMAH-Pt(II)] has used as a new metal-chelating monomer via metal coordination-chelation interactions and cholic acid. Nanoshell sensors with templates give a cavity that is selective for cholic acid. The cholic acid can simultaneously chelate to Pt(II) metal ion and fit into the shape-selective cavity. Thus, the interaction between Pt(II) ion and free coordination spheres has an effect on the binding ability of the gold-silver-nanoclusters nanosensor. The binding affinity of the cholic acid imprinted nanoparticles have investigated by using the Langmuir and Scatchard methods and determined affinity constant (K-affinity) has found to be 2.73 x 10(4) mol L-1 and 2.13 x 10(8) mol L-1. respectively. At the last step of this procedure, cholic acid level in blood serum and urine which belong to a healthy people were determined by the prepared gold-silver-nanoclusters. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Development of a highly sensitive MIP based-QCM nanosensor for selective determination of cholic acid level in body fluids

Determination of cholic acid is very important and necessary in body fluids due to its both pharmaceutical and clinical significance. In this study, a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) nanosensor, which is imprinted cholic acid, has been developed for the assignation of cholic acid. The cholic acid selective memories have been generated on QCM electrode surface by using molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) based on methacryloylamidohistidine-copper (II) (MAH-Cu(II)) pre-organized monomer. The cholic acid imprinted nanosensor was characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and then analytical performance of the cholic acid imprinted QCMnanosensorwas studied. The detection limitwas found to be 0.0065 µMwith linear range of 0.01–1000 µM. Moreover, the high value of Langmuir constant (b) (7.3 * 105) obtained by Langmuir graph showed that the cholic acid imprinted nanosensor had quite strong binding sites affinity. At the last step of this procedure, cholic acid levels in body fluids were determined by the prepared imprinted QCM nanosensor

Development of molecularly imprinted polymer based quartz crystal microbalance nanosensor for the determination of tryptophan

WOS:000558369000001In this study, a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) nanosensor was prepared to detect tryptophan. QCM nanosensor was prepared through the formation of tryptophan memories on the gold surface of QCM electrode using Methacryloylamidohistidine-Cu(II)-tryptophan ([MAH-Cu(II)]-tryptophan) pre-organised monomer system. The designed pre-organised monomer system was characterised by use of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) was used to characterise the QCM nanosensors. After the characterisation studies, imprinted and non-imprinted sensors were connected to QCM system to determine the binding of the target molecule, selectivity and the detection of the amount of target molecule in real samples. The results showed that the imprinted QCM nanosensor had high selectivity for tryptophan