Gambaran pengetahuan, perilaku dan pencegahan malaria oleh masyarakat di Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara Barat dan Maluku Barat Daya

Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara Barat dan Maluku Barat Daya merupakan salah satu daerah endemis malaria di Provinsi Maluku. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian malaria antara lain pengetahuan, aktifitas masyarakat, keberadaan habitat nyamuk dan pengunaan kelambu. Desain penelitian potong lintang, sampel diambil secara purposive, dan pengambilan data dilakukan dengan wawancara. Analisis data secara deskriptif dan bivariat non parametrik (Uji Chi Square dan Uji Fisher ). Hasil penelitian faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pencegahan malaria pada masyarakat di Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara Barat dan Maluku Barat Daya antara lain: pengetahuan masyarakat tentang gejala penyakit malaria OR=10,523 (p=0,002), informasi tentang malaria dari petugas kesehatan OR=7,302 (p=0,003) dan aktifitas masyarakat di kebun pagi hari (pukul 05.00) dan sore hari (pukul 18.00) OR=3,685 (p=0,007)

Deteksi Gen Kdr pada Nyamuk Anopheles di Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara Barat

Malaria is still a health problem in Indonesia, particularly in Eastern part of Indonesia. The use of LLIN insecticide bed nets is one of the efforts to reduce the malaria morbidity rate by protecting human from malaria vector bites. The Anopheles flavirostris, Anopheles barbirostris, and Anopheles subpictus mosquitoes are three of the species reported as malaria vectors in West-Southeast Maluku Regency. The aim of this research was to detect the kdr gene in An. flavirostris, An. barbirostris, and An.subpictus mosquitoes collected from Alusi Kelaan village, West-Southeast Maluku Regency. The research was conducted at the Papua Biomedical Research and Development Center, in June 2016. A total of six An. flavirostris, 42 An. barbirostris, and 24 An. subpictus were pooled separately for genomic DNA extraction. The sample used was the An. flavirostris, An. barbirostris, and An. subpictus that survived after the impregnated paper test. The kdr gene detection was carried out using quantitative PCR (qPCR) focused on points V1010 and L1014. The results showed that there were no kdr mutant strains in the An. flavirostris, An. barbirostris, and An. subpictus. These results indicated that the sensitivity of pyrethroid insecticides contained in LLIN mosquito nets to An. flavirostris, An. barbirostris, and An. subpictus mosquitoes was not decreased in West Southeast Maluku Regency

Entomological Surveillance Of Malaria Vectors In Saumlaki, Maluku Tenggara Barat Regency, Maluku Province

The research aims to determine the prevalence of malaria and Anopheles spp using bio-ecology surveillance in Alusi and Waturu community health centers in Maluku Tenggara Barat Regency. The study was conducted in March-April 2015 with cross sectional design. In this research, we performed mass blood survey on 489 participants in the Kilmasa village and 434 participants in Waturu village. We also performed entomology surveillances, i.e. larval density, catching Anopheles spp, temperature, humidity, and salinity. To confirm malaria vectors, we used enzyme linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) techniques. The data analyzed descriptively. The results of the study showed proportion 0.20% malaria morbidity in Kilmasa village and 0.23% in Waturu village. Anopheles flavirostris and An. barbirostris group were likely to bite a human outside and inside the house and peaked at 11.00 pm-12.00 pm. The parous rate of An. flavirostris and An. barbirostris was 46% and 26%, respectively. Human blood index of An.flavirostris and An. barbirostris was 33.3% and by 70%, respectively. Anopheles flavirostri and An. barbirostris were malaria vectors with sporozoite rate 0.38% and 12.5%, respectively

Pengaruh Faktor Klimatik Terhadap Kepadatan Nyamuk Anopheles farauti di Ekosistem Pantai dan Rawa Provinsi Papua

Infectious vectors are generally sensitive to environmental change, including climatic factor. Climate may affect the ability of vector in transmitting the disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of climatic factors on density of Anopheles farauti Laveran in coastal and marsh ecosystems. The mosquito was collected by using human landing collection method. The climatic data recorded during the research were air suhue, wind velocity and humidity, while the rainfall rate data was obtained from the Provincial office of Meteorology and Geophysics Agency Suhue of Papua Province. The result showed that Anopheles farauti was constantly found during the study period as air suhue, humidity, rainfall and wind velocity fluctuated. This result suggest that during the data collection climatic factors did not significantly affect the presence and density of Anopheles farauti. Key words: climatic factor; mosquito density; coastal; swamp; Anopheles farauti.