An elastic/plastic solution for a thermoplastic composite cantilever beam loading by bending moment

In this study, an elastic/plastic stress analysis is carried out for a thermoplastic composite cantilever beam loaded by a bending moment at the free end. The composite beam is reinforced by woven steel fibers, at 0, 15, 30 and 45 degrees orientation angles. An analytical solution is performed for satisfying both the governing differential equation in the plane stress case and boundary conditions for small plastic deformations. The solution is carried out under the assumption of the Bernoulli-Navier hypotheses. It is found that the intensity of the residual stress component of sigma (x) is a maximum at the upper and lower surfaces. The composite material is assumed to be as hardening linearly. The Tsai-Hill theory is used as a yield criterion. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved

Temperature and thermal stress analysis of a crowned maxillary second premolar tooth using three-dimensional finite element method

The purpose of this study was to calculate the temperature and thermal stress distribution as a result of hot/cold liquid in the mouth. This numerical study was carried out using three-dimensional finite element models and the tooth model was crowned with Au-Pd alloy, Ni-Cr alloy and porcelain. In the first part of the study, temperature changes as a result of hot/cold liquid in the mouth were calculated. In the second part, the thermal stresses caused by temperature changes were obtained. The tooth was assumed isotropic, homogenous, elastic and unsymmetrical. The authors using fortran 77 prepared all calculation programs. The distribution of temperature and thermal stress were plotted for some critical points

Computed tomography analysis of impact response of lightweight sandwich panels with micro lattice core

One of the main focuses in transportation engineering is the application of sandwich materials in order to create safer and efficient vehicles. The main focus of this study was the application of 3D computed tomography for analyzing the responses of sandwich panels with micro lattice core subjected to impact loading. Micro lattice specimens were manufactured using Ti-6Al-4V powder by means of a direct metal laser sintering system. A theoretical model was applied for predicting the failure initiation loads under impact loading. The predictions presented good consistency with the experimental measurements. The 3D computed tomography system was used for the analysis of the collapse modes of the micro lattice sandwich panels after low-velocity impact tests. Experimental and theoretical results proved that lightweight sandwich panels with micro lattice cores are excellent energy absorbers and, therefore, they could have significant applications in the transportation industry. © 2018, © IMechE 2018

Utilizing BMP-2 muteins for treatment of multiple myeloma

Multiple myeloma (MM) represents a haematological cancer characterized by the pathological hyper proliferation of antibody-producing B-lymphocytes. Patients typically suffer from kidney malfunction and skeletal disorders. In the context of MM, the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) member Activin A was recently identified as a promoter of both accompanying symptoms. Because studies have shown that bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2-mediated activities are counteracted by Activin A, we analysed whether BMP2, which also binds to the Activin A receptors ActRII and ActRIIB but activates the alternative SMAD-1/5/8 pathway, can be used to antagonize Activin A activities, such as in the context of MM. Therefore three BMP2 derivatives were generated with modified binding activities for the type II (ActRIIB) and/or type I receptor (BMPRIA) showing either increased or decreased BMP2 activity. In the context of MM these BMP2 muteins show two functionalities since they act as a) an anti-proliferative/apoptotic agent against neoplastic B-cells, b) as a bone-formation promoting growth factor. The molecular basis of both activities was shown in two different cellular models to clearly rely on the properties of the investigated BMP2 muteins to compete for the binding of Activin A to the Activin type II receptors. The experimental outcome suggests new therapeutic strategies using BMP2 variants in the treatment of MM-related pathologies