Adjustment of the Auxiliary Variable(s) for Estimation of a Finite Population Mean

In this paper we have worked to weight and transform various estimators by Prasad (1986) and Lui (1991). We have introduced some ratio and ratio type estimators under weighting, transformation and model based approach, environment. We have introduced estimators efficient than estimators proposed by Chakrabarty (1979), Singh and Singh (1997), Singh (2002) and Singh et al. (2006).model based approach; percent relative efficiency; product estimator; ratio estimator; regression estimator; simple mean unit estimator

Iran-Pakistan-India Gas Pipeline—An Economic Analysis in a Game Theoretic Framework

Over the last four decades world economy has experienced several wide swings in energy prices. These swings have very serious repercussions for countries of Asian, in general, and South Asian regions, in particular; the latter having tremendous economic potential. Rapidly growing economies like India, China and Pakistan will face serious energy crisis if they do not plan well for future needs. Energy is one of the most critical inputs to several variety of production function. And we have very limited ability to replace it by other means in the short run, without having serious setback to our GDP. Energy conservation is a topic that has been discussed over a long period of time. Energy conservation is not a local issue but a global one, affecting the strategic planning and policy making of the governments worldwide. Energy conservation is proving as a catalyst for globalisation and international trade of energy

Contributions of Rashid Memorial Welfare Organization in Education Sector: A Comparative Study

Education is one of the important sectors of any economy; however, its relative importance is even more decisive in defining the future trajectory of a developing country. In order to address educational needs of Sindh, many non-governmental organizations have been playing active roles. Rashid Memorial Welfare Organization (RMWO) is one such organization, following the multidimensional model of poverty reduction by serving health, education and employment needs of Tando Allahyar town through its Rashidabad City project. The focus of current study is to analyze the contributions of RMWO in the education sector. For this purpose, teachers and students have been sampled from three schools within Rashidabad and four public schools outside Rashidabad to judge the quality of education at the surveyed schools. Results showed that the quality of schools is perceived better at schools within Rashidabad as compared to those located outside

A NOVEL FRAMEWORK FOR ANALYZING INTERNAL BRAND MANAGEMENT IN THE BANKING SECTOR: A PROBABILISTIC APPROACH

This study proposes an internal branding index for the banking sector by using a weighted linear equation that is defined by using six dimensions of internal brand management practices. This study discusses a quantitative framework for monitoring the quality of the internal brand management practices in the banking sector. The framework is based on an index, which is discussed under two scenarios when the purpose is to monitor internal brand management practices among the same type of banks and among banks of different types, for instance, public, private, and mortgage banks. Both mathematical and numerical procedures for the selection of optimum weights are discussed. Concepts of Bernoulli distribution, binomial distribution, Poisson distribution, and matrix algebra, are used in the development of the proposed index. The computation of the proposed index requires quantitative acumen; nonetheless, organizations can train existing personnel or hire a statistician or data scientist. Although this would mean an increase in costs in the short term, it can result in long-term benefits such as improved brand image, a motivated workforce, and increased market share. This is the pioneering study that presents a holistic index for monitoring the internal brand management practices. The framework is generic and it can be applied on the banking sector of any country

A Micro Level Study Explaining Happiness Level in Pakistan

The aim of this paper is to propose a Happiness Index for Pakistan by looking into the determinants of the complex idea of happiness attainment. The concept of happiness dwells on dimensions ranging from financial well-being to subjective well-being and it would be very crude if we treat this variable through an objective lens of economic well-being. We aim to find how trust on people, confidence in institutions, personality dynamics, health status, and income level can impact happiness and satisfaction level of individuals. In this paper, we collected primary data from various areas (rural and urban) of Pakistan through survey with sample size of 763. The binary logistic regression framework has been used to model Happiness Index as it has been converted into dichotomous level. Results showed positive and significant relationship for Big Five traits (extraversion and neuroticism), confidence in Armed Forces, life satisfaction, and age whereas negative association of Happiness Index was observed with press media, and trust on strangers. From a policy perspective, it is suggested that the Government of Pakistan estimate Happiness Index on a national level. This will make sure that in transition, effects of different complex variables, such as political regimes, growth encouraging steps, development policies can be gauged; their nexus with Happiness can be delineated

Policy Failure in Achieving Universal Basic Education: A Theoretical Analysis

Universal attainment of basic education is recognised as a key development goal; whereas early-age work is considered as a barrier to achieving this goal. The literature suggests that returns to education are larger than those of early-age work, and that child-labour results in long term social loss that reduces human capital. This study evaluates the argument that earlyage work can itself lead to accumulation of human capital when it takes the form of apprenticeship career path. The paper develops a model that allows a rational agent (parent) to compare the early-age work as apprenticeship career path with the formal education career and shows that the parents’ career choice for their child will depend on the lifetime earnings of both careers. The theoretical model is further extended and empirically tested to check whether benefits of education are higher for all levels of education. The simulation analysis suggests that for lower level of education up to Grade-12, the benefits of apprenticeship exceed the net benefits of education whereas, at Grade-12 and beyond, the net benefits of education in terms of earnings outstrip the apprenticeship career. The study implies that early-age work may not necessarily be inefficient when compared with low levels of schooling and that any intervention should ensure universal education for all without compromising skill development of resource poor children. This can be achieved through making skill development complementary to education. JEL Classifications: H44, H52, I26, J24 Keywords: Child-labour, Basic Education, Human Capital, Public Polic

Adjustment of the Auxiliary Variable(s) for Estimation of a Finite Population Mean

In this paper we have worked to weight and transform various estimators by Prasad (1986) and Lui (1991). We have introduced some ratio and ratio type estimators under weighting, transformation and model based approach, environment. We have introduced estimators efficient than estimators proposed by Chakrabarty (1979), Singh and Singh (1997), Singh (2002) and Singh et al. (2006)

Contributions of Rashid Memorial Welfare Organization in Education Sector: A Comparative Study

Education is one of the important sectors of any economy; however, its relative importance is even more decisive in defining the future trajectory of a developing country. In order to address educational needs of Sindh, many non-governmental organizations have been playing active roles. Rashid Memorial Welfare Organization (RMWO) is one such organization, following the multidimensional model of poverty reduction by serving health, education and employment needs of Tando Allahyar town through its Rashidabad City project. The focus of current study is to analyze the contributions of RMWO in the education sector. For this purpose, teachers and students have been sampled from three schools within Rashidabad and four public schools outside Rashidabad to judge the quality of education at the surveyed schools. Results showed that the quality of schools is perceived better at schools within Rashidabad as compared to those located outside

A new disclosure index for Non-Governmental Organizations.

Website of Non-governmental organization (NGO) is a focal medium of sharing information in response to transparency demands and addressing trust deficits between stakeholders. Many researchers have proposed accountability approaches to measure information sharing trends through websites. This article discusses a new index to measure online disclosure trends along with the theoretical properties of the index and a practical application of data from NGOs working in Pakistan. The websites have been coded in 2016. Results show that NGOs with branch offices have better disclosure scores than single-office NGOs, and international NGOs score better than local NGOs. NGOs that are more often the subject of newspaper reports have better disclosure trends