Влияние неопределенности при расчёте средневзвешенного пластового давления на оценку запасов газового месторождения методом материального баланса

Ключевые слова: материальный баланс, аудит запасов, газ, средневзвешенное давление, сеноманская залежь, неопределенность в определении среднего давления, синтетическая модель. Объектом исследования является степень неопределенности средневзвешенного пластового давления газового месторождения Цель работы – сравнительный анализ методов определения среднего давления, их неопределенности, влияющие на оценку запасов газового месторождения методом материального баланса. В процессе исследования были изучены: материальный баланс для газового месторождения; способы усреднения пластового давления; неопределенности в определении средневзвешенного пластового давления; специальные программные продукты- 슫Петрель슻, 슫Сёрфер슻. В результате исследования были получены: сравнительные характеристики методовKey words: material balance, audit of reserves, gas, average pressure, senoman formation, uncertainty in average pressure estimation, synthetic model. The object of research is uncertainty in average reservoir pressure estimation. The aim of research – ranking of methods of average pressure estimation, their uncertainties that affect the gas field OGIP estimation by the methods of material balance application. In the process of research the following topics were studied: material balance for gas filed; methods of formation pressure averaging; uncertainties in average pressure estimation; “Petrel” and “Surfer” program products. The obtained results are: ranking of result of averaging methods; the comparison of OGIP between geological model and OGIP provided by material balance; the analysi

Agitation predicts response of depression to botulinum toxin treatment in a randomized controlled trial

In a randomized, controlled trial (n = 30), we showed that botulinum toxin injection to the glabellar region produces a marked improvement in the symptoms of major depression. We hypothesized that the mood-lifting effect was mediated by facial feedback mechanisms. Here we assessed if agitation, which may be associated with increased dynamic psychomotor activity of the facial musculature, can predict response to the treatment. To test this hypothesis, we re-analyzed the data of the scales from our previous study on a single item basis and compared the baseline scores in the agitation item (item 9) of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) between responders (n = 9) and participants who did not attain response (n = 6) among the recipients of onabotulinumtoxinA (n = 15). Responders had significantly higher item 9 scores at baseline [1.56 + 0.88 vs. 0.33 + 0.52, t (13) = 3.04, d = 1.7, p = 0.01], while no other single item of the HAM-D or the Beck Depression Inventory was associated with treatment response. The agitation score had an overall precision of 78% in predicting response in a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis (area under the curve, AUC = 0.87). These data provide a link between response to botulinum toxin treatment with a psychomotor manifestation of depression and thereby indirect support of the proposed facial feedback mechanism of action. Moreover, it suggests that patients with agitated depression may particularly benefit from botulinum toxin treatment

Association between subjective actual sleep duration, subjective sleep need, age, body mass index, and gender in a large sample of young adults

Poor sleep is a major health concern, and there is evidence that young adults are at increased risk of suffering from poor sleep. There is also evidence that sleep duration can vary as a function of gender and body mass index (BMI). We sought to replicate these findings in a large sample of young adults, and also tested the hypothesis that a smaller gap between subjective sleep duration and subjective sleep need is associated with a greater feeling of being restored.; A total of 2,929 university students (mean age 23.24±3.13 years, 69.1% female) took part in an Internet-based survey. They answered questions related to demographics and subjective sleep patterns.; We found no gender differences in subjective sleep duration, subjective sleep need, BMI, age, or feeling of being restored. Nonlinear associations were observed between subjective sleep duration, BMI, and feeling of being restored. Moreover, a larger discrepancy between subjective actual sleep duration and subjective sleep need was associated with a lower feeling of being restored.; The present pattern of results from a large sample of young adults suggests that males and females do not differ with respect to subjective sleep duration, BMI, or feeling of being restored. Moreover, nonlinear correlations seemed to provide a more accurate reflection of the relationship between subjective sleep and demographic variables

Анализ использования земель в рекреационных целях на территории Республики Хакасия

В работе были проанализированы нормативно-правовые источники по теме исследования, выявлены нарушения правового режима использования земель, проблемы неорганизованного развития туризма, разработаны рекомендации по использованию земель в рекреационных целях.In this study, the legal and regulatory sources were analyzed. Violations of the legal regime of land use, problems of unorganized tourism development were revealed. Recommendations on the use of lands for recreational purposes have been developed

Lobar Dementia due to Extreme Widening of Virchow-Robin Spaces in One Hemisphere

Widened perivascular spaces known as Virchow-Robin spaces (VRS) are often seen on MRI and are usually incidental findings. It is unclear if enlarged VRS can be associated with neurological deficits. In this report, we describe a case of lobar dementia associated with unusual VRS widening in one cerebral hemisphere. A 77-year-old woman, seen at a memory clinic, presented with progressive cognitive decline, left hemianopsia, and mild pyramidal signs on the left side. On MRI, unusually wide VRS were visible, predominantly in the right centrum semiovale and the right temporo-occipital white matter. The clinical syndrome was consistent with the extent and location of the abnormally dilated VRS. The high MR signal in white matter bridges between the VRS suggested parenchymal damage, possibly representing gliotic white matter. No evidence for another etiology was found on cerebral MRI and rCBF SPECT. As a conclusion, enlarged VRS in one cerebral hemisphere may be associated with cognitive change and neurological deficits

The prion gene is associated with human long-term memory

Human cognitive processes are highly variable across individuals and are influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Although genetic variations affect short-term memory in humans, it is unknown whether genetic variability has also an impact on long-term memory. Because prion-like conformational changes may be involved in the induction of long-lasting synaptic plasticity, we examined the impact of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the prion protein gene (PRNP) on long-term memory in healthy young humans. SNPs in the genomic region of PRNP were associated with better long-term memory performance in two independent populations with different educational background. Among the examined PRNP SNPs, the common Met129Val polymorphism yielded the highest effect size. Twenty-four hours after a word list-learning task, carriers of either the 129MM or the 129MV genotype recalled 17% more information than 129VV carriers, but short-term memory was unaffected. These results suggest a role for the prion protein in the formation of long-term memory in human

Glucocorticoid-related genetic susceptibility for Alzheimer's disease

Because glucocorticoid excess increases neuronal vulnerability, genetic variations in the glucocorticoid system may be related to the risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). We analyzed single-nucleotide polymorphisms in 10 glucocorticoid-related genes in a population of 814 AD patients and unrelated control subjects. Set-association analysis revealed that a rare haplotype in the 5′ regulatory region of the gene encoding 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (HSD11B1) was associated with a 6-fold increased risk for sporadic AD. Results of a reporter-gene assay indicated that the rare risk-associated haplotype altered HSD11B1 transcription. HSD11B1 controls tissue levels of biologically active glucocorticoids and thereby influences neuronal vulnerability. Our results indicate that a functional variation in the glucocorticoid system increases the risk for AD, which may have important implications for the diagnosis and treatment of this diseas