18 research outputs found
Universal Scaling of the Quantum Conductance of an Inversion-Symmetric Interacting Model
We consider quantum transport of spinless fermions in a 1D lattice embedding
an interacting region (two sites with inter-site repulsion U and inter-site
hopping td, coupled to leads by hopping terms tc). Using the numerical
renormalization group for the particle-hole symmetric case, we study the
quantum conductance g as a function of the inter-site hopping td. The
interacting region, which is perfectly reflecting when td -> 0 or td ->
infinity, becomes perfectly transmitting if td takes an intermediate value
\tau(U,tc) which defines the characteristic energy of this interacting model.
When td < tc sqrt(U), g is given by a universal function of the dimensionless
ratio X=td/\tau. This universality characterizes the non-interacting regime
where \tau=tc^2, the perturbative regime (U < tc^2) where \tau can be obtained
using Hartree-Fock theory, and the non-perturbative regime (U > tc^2) where
\tau is twice the characteristic temperature TK of an orbital Kondo effect
induced by the inversion symmetry. When td < \tau, the expression
g(X)=4/(X+1/X)^2 valid without interaction describes also the conductance in
the presence of the interaction. To obtain those results, we map this spinless
model onto an Anderson model with spins, where the quantum impurity is at the
end point of a semi-infinite 1D lead and where td plays the role of a magnetic
field h. This allows us to describe g(td) using exact results obtained for the
magnetization m(h) of the Anderson model at zero temperature. We expect this
universal scaling to be valid also in models with 2D leads, and observable
using 2D semi-conductor heterostructures and an interacting region made of two
identical quantum dots with strong capacitive inter-dot coupling and connected
via a tunable quantum point contact.Comment: 14 pages, 18 figure
Effect of measurement probes upon the conductance of an interacting nanosystem: Detection of an attached ring by non local many body effects
We consider a nanosystem connected to measurement probes via leads. When a
magnetic flux is varied through a ring attached to one lead at a distance Lc
from the nanosystem, the effective nanosystem transmission |ts|^2 exhibits
Aharonov-Bohm oscillations if the electrons interact inside the nanosystem.
These oscillations can be very large if Lc is small and if the nanosystem has
almost degenerate levels which are put near the Fermi energy by a local gate
Positive current cross-correlations in a highly transparent normal-superconducting beam splitter due to synchronized Andreev and inverse Andreev reflections
Predictions are established for linear differential current-current
cross-correlations dSab/dV in a symmetrically biased three-terminal normal
metal-superconductor-normal metal (NSN) device. Highly transparent contacts
turn out to be especially interesting because they feature positive dSab/dV. At
high transparency, processes based on Crossed Andreev Reflection (CAR)
contribute only negligibly to the current and to dSab/dV. Under these
circumstances, current-current cross-correlations can be plausibly interpreted
as a coherent coupling between the two NS interfaces in the form of
synchronized Andreev and inverse Andreev reflections, corresponding to the
process where a pair of electron-like quasi-particles and a pair of hole-like
quasi-particles arrive from the normal electrodes and annihilate in the
superconductor. Hence, positive dSab/dV does not automatically imply CAR. For
tunnel contacts, dSab/dV is positive because of CAR. In between these two
extremities, at intermediate transparencies, dSab/dV is negative because both
processes which cause positive correlations, occur only with small amplitude.
We use scattering theory to obtain analytic expressions for current and noise,
and microscopic calculation using a tight binding model in order to obtain a
clear interpretation of the physical processes.Comment: 15 pages, 11 figures; Revised manuscript, analytical BTK-calculation,
results not change
Optimal broadening of finite energy spectra in the numerical renormalization group: application to dissipative dynamics in two-level systems
Numerical renormalization group (NRG) calculations of quantum impurity
models, based on a logarithmic discretization in energy of electronic or
bosonic Hamiltonians, provide a powerful tool to describe physics involving
widely separated energy scales, as typically encountered in nanostructures and
strongly correlated materials. This main advantage of the NRG was however
considered a drawback for resolving sharp spectral features at finite energy,
such as dissipative atomic peaks. Surprisingly, we find a bunching of many-body
levels in NRG spectra near dissipative resonances, and exploit this by
combining the widely-used Oliveira's -trick, using an averaging over {\it
few} discrete NRG spectra, with an optimized {\it frequency-dependent}
broadening parameter b(\w). This strategy offers a tremendous gain in
computational power and extracts all the needed information from the raw NRG
data without {\it a priori} knowledge of the various energy scales at play. As
an application we investigate with high precision the crossover from coherent
to incoherent dynamics in the spin boson model.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures. Minor modifications in V
Attributing Low-level Storage Costs to High-Level Storage Operations in RPC Call Trees
Machines within a distributed computing network have a low-level storage system that provides remote procedure call (RPC) access to read/write files to their local disk/flash memory storage. Distributed computing networks support a library that facilitates the extraction of data flows between clients and storage systems. Attributing low-level storage operations to higher-level semantic operations is difficult because, seen from low-level storage, RPC calls are agnostic of high-level storage. This disclosure describes techniques to accurately attribute low-level storage costs to high-level storage operations in RPC call trees by maximizing a Jaccard similarity coefficient between two lists, e.g., a list of ancestor spans of each span in a trace associated with the low-level storage system, and a list of ancestor spans of each span in a trace associated with the library that facilitates the extraction of data flow between clients and storage systems. The described techniques find application in data governance and can be used to accurately estimate the resource usage associated with storage operations without making changes to logging or tracing logic
NRG Study of an Inversion-Symmetric Interacting Model: Universal Aspects of its Quantum Conductance
We consider scattering of spinless fermions by an inversion-symmetric
interacting model characterized by three parameters (interaction U, internal
hopping t_d and coupling t_c). Mapping this spinless model onto an Anderson
model with Zeeman field, we use thenumerical renormalization group for studying
the particle-hole symmetric case. We show that the zero temperature limit is
characterized by a line of free-fermion fixed points and a scale \tau(U,t_c) of
t_d for which there is perfect transmission. The quantum conductance and the
low energy excitations of the model are given by universal functions of
t_d/\tau if t_d \Gamma, \Gamma = t_c^2 being
the level width of the scatterer. This universal regime becomes
non-perturbative when U exceeds \Gamma.Comment: 4 pages 3 figure
Detection of interaction-induced nonlocal effects using perfectly transmitting nanostructures
We consider one-dimensional transport through an interacting region in series
with a point-like one-body scatterer. When the conductance of the interacting
region is perfect, independently of the interaction strength, a nonlocal
interaction effect yields a total conductance of the composed system that
depends on the interaction strength and is lower than the transmission of the
one-body scatterer. This qualitative nonlocal effect allows to probe the
dressing cloud of an interacting system by ideal noninteracting leads. The
conductance correction increases with the strength of the interaction and the
reflection of the one-body scatterer (attaining relative changes >50%), and
decreases with the distance between the interacting region and the one-body
scatterer. Scaling laws are obtained and possible experimental realizations are
suggested.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figure
Dissipative spin dynamics near a quantum critical point: Numerical Renormalization Group and Majorana diagrammatics
We provide an extensive study of the sub-ohmic spin-boson model with power
law density of states J(\omega)=\omega^s (with 0<s<1), focusing on the
equilibrium dynamics of the three possible spin components, from very weak
dissipation to the quantum critical regime. Two complementary methods, the
bosonic Numerical Renormalization Group (NRG) and Majorana diagrammatics, are
used to explore the physical properties in a wide range of parameters. We show
that the bosonic self-energy is the crucial ingredient for the description of
critical fluctuations, but that many-body vertex corrections need to be
incorporated as well in order to obtain quantitative agreement of the
diagrammatics with the numerical simulations. Our results suggest that the
out-of-equilibrium dynamics in dissipative models beyond the Bloch-Redfield
regime should be reconsidered in the long-time limit. Regarding also the
spin-boson Hamiltonian as a toy model of quantum criticality, some of the
insights gained here may be relevant for field theories of electrons coupled to
bosons in higher dimensions.Comment: 19 pages, 19 figures. Minor changes in V
Scanning Gate Microscopy of a Nanostructure where Electrons Interact
We show that scanning gate microscopy can be used for probing
electron-electron interactions inside a nanostructure. We assume a simple model
made of two non-interacting strips attached to an interacting nanosystem. In
one of the strips, the electrostatic potential can be locally varied by a
charged tip. This change induces corrections upon the nanosystem Hartree-Fock
self-energies which enhance the fringes spaced by half the Fermi wavelength in
the images giving the quantum conductance as a function of the tip position
Production of non-local quartets and phase-sensitive entanglement in a superconducting beam splitter
Three BCS superconductors S_a, S_b, and S and two short normal regions N_a
and N_b in a three-terminal S_aN_aSN_bS_b set-up provide a source of non-local
quartets spatially separated as two correlated pairs in S_a and S_b, if the
distance between the interfaces N_aS and SN_b is comparable to the coherence
length in S. Low-temperature dc-transport of non-local quartets from S to S_a
and S_b can occur in equilibrium, and also if S_a and S_b are biased at
opposite voltages. At higher temperatures, thermal excitations result in
correlated current fluctuations which depend on the superconducting phases
phi_a and phi_b in S_a and S_b. Phase-sensitive entanglement is obtained at
zero temperature if N_a and N_b are replaced by discrete levels.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures; technical details attached in ancillary file
http://arxiv.org/src/1102.2355v4/anc/EPAPS_Freyn_2011.pdf; higher versions:
minor corrections, cleanup and corrected reference