The New Istanbul Grand Airport (IGA) Status

Mr Irfan Gündüz started his speech by stating that the Istanbul Grand Airport (IGA) is aimed to be opened in the beginning of 2018. He further stated the new airport project is conducted on a Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) basis. The airport will be managed by the company for 25 years before it is transferred to another company in 2043. He thinks that IGA will fulfill both airlines’s and ground handling company’s as well as passengers’ needs.İrfan Gündüz konuşmasına İstanbul Grand Airport (IGA)’nın 2018 yılında açılmasının amaçlandığını ve yeni havaalanı projesinin Yap-İşlet-Devret sistemiyle sürdürüleceğini belirterek başladı. Şirketleri 25 yıllık işletme sürecinden sonra 2043 yılında havaalanının işletmesini başka bir şirkete aktaracak. İrfan Gündüz projenin hem havayolu ve yer şirketlerinin, hem de yolcuların ihtiyaçlarını karşılayacağını düşünüyor

Microstructure and mechanical properties of stable austenitic steel after thermomechanical treatment

The features of microstructure and mechanical properties of stable austenitic steel after thermomechanical treatment consist of low-temperature deformation, warm deformation and subsequent annealing have been investigated. It is shown that under these conditions in the steel direct (γ → α')- and inverse (α' → γ)-martensitic transformations are realized. As a result of the thermomechanical treatment submicrocrystalline structural states with a high density of micro- and nanotwins and localized deformation bands are formed. The yield strength of these structural states more than 3 times increases by the original value

Comparative anatomy of nitrergic intrinsic choroidal neurons (ICN) in various avian species

Intrinsic choroidal neurons (ICN) represent a peculiar feature of eyes in higher primates and birds. They account for up to 2000 in human and duck eyes but are virtually absent or rare in all other mammalian species investigated so far. It has been suggested that ICN are involved in regulation of ocular blood supply, hence influencing intraocular pressure, and changes in choroidal thickness, thus influencing accommodation. The present study was undertaken in order to compare differences in various avian species with respect to ICN as well as to provide data on some avian species relevant for experimental ophthalmic research, i.e. chicken and quail. Choroids from 12 avian species were processed for NADPH-diaphorase histochemistry or, in some cases, neuronal nitric oxide synthase immunocytochemistry. ICN were quantified and normalized to mean choroidal area. Three choroids of each galliformes (i.e. chicken, quail, turkey) and anseriformes (i.e. Muscovy duck, Mallard duck, goose) were rastered in squares of 1 mm(2) and x/y coordinates were transferred into a 3D-diagram with the amount of ICN represented in the z-axis. ICN were detected in all species investigated. They were predominantly small cells with soma diameters of 20-30 mum. In turkey, and to a lesser amount in chicken, a subpopulation of ICN with somal diameters of up to 70 mum was observed. Highest mean cell counts were found in goose (6195(.)4; turkey 3558(.)4; chicken 1681(.)4; Muscovy duck 785(.)4; Mallard duck 640(.)8; quail 440(.)2). Normalized to choroidal area, highest mean cell counts were (per mm(2)): 12(.)62 in goose, 4(.)42 in both chicken and turkey, 2(.)86 in quail, 2(.)66 in Mallard duck and 1(.)89 in Muscovy duck. In galliformes, ICN were found to be accumulated temporo-cranial, while in anseriformes they were arranged in a more belt-like fashion, passing from cranio-nasal to temporo-caudal. Our results show that besides Muscovy duck, other avian species appear as suitable models for further functional experiments on ICN. The temporo-cranial accumulation of ICN in galliformes and the belt-like arrangement in anseriformes may reflect special functional requirements in regions of high visual acuity. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

The development of a concept project unloading complex in a coal terminal in the software solidworks

Разработана компьютерная компоновочная модель разгрузочного комплекса. Произведено моделирование движения машин и узлов, соответствующее технологическим процессам протекающим при работе комплекса.A computer layout model of the unloading complex was designed. Motions of machines and units, corresponding to technological process operates when the complex works were simulated

DNA methylation-based classification of central nervous system tumours.

Accurate pathological diagnosis is crucial for optimal management of patients with cancer. For the approximately 100 known tumour types of the central nervous system, standardization of the diagnostic process has been shown to be particularly challenging-with substantial inter-observer variability in the histopathological diagnosis of many tumour types. Here we present a comprehensive approach for the DNA methylation-based classification of central nervous system tumours across all entities and age groups, and demonstrate its application in a routine diagnostic setting. We show that the availability of this method may have a substantial impact on diagnostic precision compared to standard methods, resulting in a change of diagnosis in up to 12% of prospective cases. For broader accessibility, we have designed a free online classifier tool, the use of which does not require any additional onsite data processing. Our results provide a blueprint for the generation of machine-learning-based tumour classifiers across other cancer entities, with the potential to fundamentally transform tumour pathology

Classification of human enteric neurons

Major advances in our understanding of the functional heterogeneity of enteric neurons are driven by the application of newly developed, innovative methods. In contrast to this progress, both animal and human enteric neurons are usually divided into only two morphological subpopulations, 'Dogiel type II' neurons (with several long processes) and 'Dogiel type I' neurons (with several short processes). This implies no more than the distinction of intrinsic primary afferent from all other enteric neurons. The well-known chemical and functional diversity of enteric neurons is not reflected by this restrictive dichotomy of morphological data. Recent structural investigations of human enteric neurons were performed by different groups which mainly used two methodical approaches, namely detecting the architecture of their processes and target-specific tracing of their axonal courses. Both methods were combined with multiple immunohistochemistry in order to decipher neurochemical codes. This review integrates these morphological and immunohistological data and presents a classification of human enteric neurons which we believe is not yet complete but provides an essential foundation for the further development of human gastrointestinal neuropathology