The role of the Middle East in foreign textbooks: an examination of the Egyptian market

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the educational textbook market in Egypt as well as analyze the potential impact of newer textbooks published by major textbook publishers that include elements of Egyptian/Arab heritage; history, art and literature. A market analysis was conducted by examining the responses of stakeholders from an American private school in Cairo, Egypt. The educational construct, here, is a formal American, private K-12 school in Egypt.The feasibility study will be conducted to assist the publishers in making the decision that will be in the best interest of the textbook selection procedure. From this school the following participants were examined in the study: three focus groups of parents/guardians, each containing five members, three focus groups of students from the twelfth grade, each containing five members, and three focus groups of teachers, each containing five members.Based on this study, textbook publishers will understand that post 25th January, 2011, a window of opportunity has opened in Egypt with a growing demand for their services

The Image of the XIXth century Russia in the texts of Juan Valera and Mohamed ‘Yad El-TanTawy

En este artículo se presentan dos casos concretos de la visión que tienen dos personajes: Mohamed ‘yad El-TanTawy, egipcio y Juan Valera, español, de Rusia. Se pretende comparar la visión entre las imágenes que poseen ambos personajes de un país muy diferente a su cultura, a través de dos libros que tratan de sus impresiones y experiencias sobre este país: Regalo para inteligentes con las noticias de los países de Rusia y Cartas desde Rusia. Da la coincidencia que ambos eran contemporáneos, mediados del siglo XIX, y, en cierto modo, compartían aficiones, la literatura.In this paper, we will show two points of view of two authors, namely, Juan Valera, from Spain, and Mohamed ‘yad El-TanTawy, from Egypt, toward the Russia of the 19th century. The purpose is to draw a comparison between the pictures of the two authors, each of whom comes from a culture distant from Russia, writing two books that include their impressions and experiences about Russia, namely: The Masterpiece of the Intelligent in the News of Russia, and Letters from Russia. By coincidence, the two authors lived in Russia at the same time in the Mid 19thC and they have a common characteristic, which is literature

Management of Spasticity and Cerebral Palsy Update

Cerebral palsy is a very common medical problem, which has many challenges facing patients, family, caregivers, and medical team. The fast-based technology helped us to find new ways to manage and treat cerebral palsy. Treatment and management is a multi-disciplinary approach to reaching the optimal results. The managing team includes a general pediatrician, pediatric neurologist, pediatric rehabilitation, pediatric neurosurgeon, pediatric orthopedic surgeon, and other ancillary medical services. In our management plan, we have to consider the patient, family, and caregivers as parts of our plan. Raising awareness in the communities especially young mothers and general pediatricians to recognize the problem early and seek medical help and also early referrals to specialized centers will help to have early intervention and obtain better results

The Philosophy of Locality Choice of Major Ayyubid and Mamluk Khanqahs in Cairo

Al Imam Abū ‘Abdullāh Muhammad b. Idrīs al-Shāfi‘ī, famous Muslim jurist, said once that "three things in this world have been made lovely to me; avoiding affectation, treating people kindly, and following the way of tasawwuf." This valuable statement illustrates the significance of Sufism as one of the major aspects of Islam as it basically represents the living heart of Islam, the aspect of eternal wisdom, the inner dimension of the revelation given to Muhammad, and not an arbitrary form of occultism. Accordingly, the Sufi could be generally defined as the Muslim who cleared and purified his soul in terms of devoting himself to a life of asceticism and austerity, aiming in the first place to gain Allah's gratification and mercy. Equally, Sufi could be defined as the Muslim who freed himself from living a restricted life with carnal or bodily concerns and bounds, and turning to God on the horizon of heart.In fact, the origin of the term "Sufi" has been a debatable issue between different scholars, for some believe that it was originally derived from the Arabic word "Ṣafā’" which stands for clarity as one of the main characteristics of the Sufi's soul.Also, there is another stream which rooted the term" Sufi " to the Arabic word "Taṣfiya" which translates as "refinement" or "filtration" to illustrate the filtration of the Sufi's heart from evil deeds and intentions. However, the most popular theory states that it was primitively derived from the Arabic word " Ṣūf" which translates as "wool" for it was the main material used by the Sufis in their clothing to be matching with the nature of their ascetic life