Citation matters: two essays on the student journey of citation and how Google Scholar and the principle of least effort can affect academic writing

The paper consists of two short essays on citation matters. The aim is to get the academy thinking about citing and referencing from a student point of view. The first essay (on the student journey of citation) is an attempt of a framework for the academic writer, from the time they are an undergraduate student to an academic researcher. The worldview of citing and referencing is argued to develop in accordance to academic level. The second essay is on academic writing and the principle of least effort. With a few searches on Google Scholar, cyberplagiarism and the pilfering of citation context was demonstrated. With emphasis on patchwriting, the temptation of the academic writer to corner cut is not argued as being exclusive to students but more apparent by students. Technology is also argued to create a conflict for the academic writer showing a path where they can reduce effort

Upheavals to scholarly communication have not embraced Robert Merton’s normative guide to good scientific research.

An impact-driven scholarly communication system may offer new levels of views for research and new metrics to assess these works, but are the upheavals actually reinforcing the cumulative advantage of those already in power? Drawing on Robert Merton’s norms for the production of science, Avtar Natt reframes current scholarly developments and finds the roots are too deep for a fair and equal system of knowledge production

Effect of infestation stage, form and treatment on fragment count in flour

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1979 S23Master of Scienc

Study of Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Natural Fiber Composite

The present experimental study aims at learning the mechanical behaviour of hybrid natural fiber composites. Samples of several Jute-Bagasse-Epoxy & Jute-Lantana camara-Epoxy hybrids were manufactured using hand layup method where the stacking of plies was alternate and the weight fraction of fibre and matrix was kept at 40%-60%.Specimens were cut from the fabricated laminate according to the ASTM standards for different experiments. For Tensile test & flexural test samples were cut in Dog-bone shape and flat bar shape respectively. After that experiment is performed under Universal testing machine (UTM). ILSS (flexural strength) & Tensile strength were observed and compared to base values of epoxy polymer to perceive the change in strength. SEM analysis was done to ascertain the mode of failure

Two-stage drying of wheat and barley

PhD ThesisThe results of a theoretical and experimental investigation into the drying of wheat and barley in two stages with an intervening rest period are presented. The reduction in drying time, excluding rest period, has been determined in comparison with the conventional continuous drying for various drying requirements. The effect of airflow rate and the temperature difference between grain and air on the reduction in moisture content and the time required to cool the grain during dryeration is also included. The moisture diffusion equation was solved numerically assuming a spherical grain. The variable grid spacing, Crank-Nicolson approximation technique and the Gauss-Seidel iterative procedure was employed. The theoretical predictions were compared with experimental results. The drying and resting was performed on a thin layer at a temperature of 60°C. An automatic micro-computer based system was developed to record and store the experimental data. The results indicate that the moisture redistribution during resting is well advanced after a period of two hours for wheat and one hour for barley. The extent of redistribution was measured by the increase in drying rate observed as the rest period was extended. An optimum moisture content for commencing resting is specified, which is a function of initial, final and equilibrium moisture contents. This optimum was chosen to minimise the actual drying time. There is good agreement between the theoreticaaand experimental predictions. It was found that the incorporation of a surface resistance into the diffusion model improves the description of the experimental results. The results enable a drying strategy to be specified that reduces the actual drying time by as much as 39%. - iv For dryeration experiments, the grains pre-heated to different temperatures were put into a well insulated aluminium cylinder and aerated at various airflow rates. An airflow rate of about 60-120 m3/hr/m3 of grain was found to be optimum. The moisture reduction during cooling was observed to be 0.65 to 0.78% (db) per 10°C temperature difference. It was noticed that moisture reduction also depends on initial moisture content of the grain. The practical implications of two-stage drying are discussed.Commonwealth Scholarship Commission of United Kingdom

Geothermal Energy as a Major Source of Renewable Energy - Learning from Asian Neighbours

Energy is one of the fundamental necessities for economic growth, increased social equity, and an environment that allows livelihoods to thrive. Development is not possible without energy, and sustainable development is not possible without sustainable energy. Renewable Energy (RE) is a key to sustainable development and offers an opportunity to improve access to modern energy services for the impoverished segments of society, which is essential for sustainable community development. In Asia, Indonesia and the Philippines are rich in Geothermal (GT) energy. Being a renewable, sustainable, and indigenous energy resource, GT is reliable because its supply is independent of season and global energy market dynamics. Japan has a huge potential for GT and wants to expand renewable energy resources after the Fukushima Nuclear Power Accident. In the near future, GT is set to play a major role in national energy supply in Japan. Therefore, the objective of this study is to look at various challenges and opportunities in GT energy policies of Indonesia and the Philippines to adopt them to meet Japanese needs in the future