Intensification and forecasting of low-pour-point diesel fuel production via modelling reactor and stabilizer column at industrial unit

In this work forecast calculation of stabilizer column in the technology of low-pour- point diesel fuel production was modelled. The results of forecast calculation were proved by full-scale experiment at diesel fuel catalytic dewaxing unit. The forecast calculation and full- scale experiment made it possible to determine the ways of mass transfer intensification, as well as to increase the degree of hydrogen sulphide removal in the column, and thereby to decrease corrosiveness of the product stream. It was found out that maintenance of the reflux rate in the range of 80-90 m3/h and injection of additional vapourizing streams, such as stable naphtha from distillation unit (in the volume of 10-22 m{3}/h) and hydrogen-containing gas (in the volume of 100-300 m{3}/h), ensure complete elimination of corrosive hydrogen sulphide from the product stream. Reduction of stream corrosive activity due to suggested solutions extends service life of equipment and pipelines at industrial catalytic dewaxing unit

Intensification and forecasting of low-pour-point diesel fuel production via modelling reactor and stabilizer column at industrial unit

In this work forecast calculation of stabilizer column in the technology of low-pour- point diesel fuel production was modelled. The results of forecast calculation were proved by full-scale experiment at diesel fuel catalytic dewaxing unit. The forecast calculation and full- scale experiment made it possible to determine the ways of mass transfer intensification, as well as to increase the degree of hydrogen sulphide removal in the column, and thereby to decrease corrosiveness of the product stream. It was found out that maintenance of the reflux rate in the range of 80-90 m3/h and injection of additional vapourizing streams, such as stable naphtha from distillation unit (in the volume of 10-22 m{3}/h) and hydrogen-containing gas (in the volume of 100-300 m{3}/h), ensure complete elimination of corrosive hydrogen sulphide from the product stream. Reduction of stream corrosive activity due to suggested solutions extends service life of equipment and pipelines at industrial catalytic dewaxing unit

Comparison the results of physical development obtained by centile method and on Z-score scales

Article compares the results obtained in accessing physical development using the centile method with the data obtained by assessment method on z-score scales.В статье сопоставлены результаты, полученные при оценки физического развития центильным методом с данными полученные методом оценки по школам Z-score

Clinical Recommendations of the Northwest Society for Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition, Interregional Association for Emergency Surgery, Russian Gastroenterological Association, Union of Rehabilitation Therapists of Russia and Russian Transplantation Society on Diagnosis and Treatment of Short Bowel Syndrome-Associated Intestinal Failure in Adults

Aim. Current clinical recommendations address the epidemiology, causes, clinical manifestations and pathogenesis of possible immediate and long-term complications, as well as the problematic issues related to treatment and rehabilitation of adult short bowel syndrome patients.Key points. Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is a symptom complex of impaired digestion caused by the reduction of small intestine absorptive surface and manifested by intestinal failure (IF) of various severity (maldigestion and malabsorption) developing into malnutrition and systemic somatogenic disorders. The vital strategic aspects of its treatment are the personalisation of liquid, macro- and micronutrients consumption as well as avoidance of intestinal failure- and parenteral nutrition-associated complications. Various nutritional support regimes and the indications for infusion therapy and maintenance parenteral nutrition are considered in this patient category, also in outpatient settings. To mitigate the dependence on intravenous fluid- and nutrient administration and attain enteral autonomy in SBS-IF patients, the use of recombinant glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) is justified as exerting a pronounced trophic effect on the epithelial regenerative potential as well as structural and functional adaptation of intestinal mucosa. The SBS-IF patients prescribed with home parenteral nutrition and/or their caregivers should be trained in a special programme that covers the catheter care, preparation of infusion solutions and nutrient mixture container, infusion pump operation as well as the prevention, recognition and management of complications. The main referral indications for small bowel transplantation (SBT) are: fast-progressing cholestatic liver disease-complicated irreversible intestinal failure; thrombosis of two or more central venous conduits used for parenteral nutrition; recurrent catheter-associated bloodstream infection.Conclusion. Current recommendations on diagnosis and treatment as well as the developed criteria of medical aid quality assessment are applicable at different levels of healthcare

КАЧЕСТВО ЖИЗНИ ЖЕНЩИН, ОПЕРИРОВАННЫХ ПО ПОВОДУ РАКА ПРЯМОЙ КИШКИ

Quality of life is the second most important clinical outcome criteria for cancer patients after survival. Quality of life shows the completeness of social rehabilitations of patients, who underwent radical treatment. In present study quality of life of 41 rectal cancer patients, who underwent abdominoperineal resection (n = 22) or anterior resection (n = 19) was assessed using SF-36 questionnaire. All patients without permanent colostomy had better postoperative quality of life. The phycho-emotional state of patients with permanent colostomy progres-sively decreases. The present study is important for developing an individualized rehabilitation programme for female rectal cancer patients.Качество жизни онкологических пациентов является вторым показателем эффективности лечения после продолжительности жизни. Показатели качества жизни демонстрируют, насколько полно пациенты, перенесшие радикальное лечение по поводу злокачественного новообразования, готовы к своей роли в обществе. В проведенном исследовании использована краткая форма адаптированной русскоязычной версии медицинского опросника SF-36 для оценки качества жизни 41 женщины с колоректальным раком (КРР), которым была выполнена брюшно-промежностная экстирпация (БПЭ) прямой кишки с наложением стомы (22 женщины) или передняя резекция прямой кишки (19 женщин). Качество жизни по результатам исследования было выше у пациенток без стомы на всех этапах после операции. У всех женщин, перенесших хирургическое вмешательство, в течение недели после операции показатели качества жизни снижаются, в большей степени после БПЭ прямой кишки. У больных со стомой через месяц после операции показатели ролевого функционирования, обусловленные физическим и эмоциональным состоянием, не восстанавливаются и продолжают прогрессивно снижаться. Проведенное исследование подготавливает информационную базу для разработки комплексной личностно-ориентированной программы реабилитации женщин с КРР

Бактериальные инфекции у пациентов детского и подросткового возраста после трансплантации аллогенных гемопоэтических стволовых клеток: этиология, структура, факторы риска

155 children and adolescents who had been diagnosed oncohematological diseases and had undergone allogeneic hemapoetic stem cell transplantation were examined. In post-transplant period 80% of patients developed different bacterial complications. Main risk factors of bacterial infections were acute leukemia (73%), acute «graft versus host disease» (61%), severe infectious complications before HSCT (30%), cytomegaloviral reactivation (51%). Main causative agents were Kl. pneumoniae (15%), Escherichia coli (8%), Enterobacter sp. (7%), Pseudomonas sp. (6,5%), Enterococcus sp. (16,5%), S.еpidermidis (13,5%). Most frequent involved sites are urinary tract (30,6%), lungs (22,5%) and bacteriemia (38,7%). Rise in ciprofloxacin resistans among Entorobactri, aerobic and Gram-positive cocci. General survival rate of patients with bacterial complications was 36,3% (p<0,001). Number of infectious episodes and their severity were statistically significant (both p<0,001) deteriorating factor for general surviral rate.Обследовано 155 пациентов детского и подросткового возраста со злокачественными заболеваниями системы крови после трансплантации аллогенных гемопоэтических стволовых клеток (алло-ТГСК). У 80% больных на разных этапах после алло-ТГСК развились бактериальные осложнения различной степени тяжести. Основными факторами риска бактериальных инфекций были диагноз острого лейкоза (73%), развитие острой «реакции трансплантат против хозяина» (61%), тяжелые инфекционные осложнения в анамнезе до трансплантации (30%), реактивация цитомегаловирусной инфекции (51%). Основные возбудители: Kl. pneumoniae (15%), Escherichia coli (8%), Enterobacter sp. (7%), Pseudomonas sp. (6,5%), Enterococcus sp. (16,5%), S. еpidermidis (13,5%). Наиболее часто возникает поражение мочевыводящих путей (30,6%), легких (22,5%) и бактериемия (38,7%). Отмечен рост резистентности к ципрофлоксацину среди энтеробактерий, аэробной и грам-положительной кокковой флоры. Общая выживаемость больных с развившимися бактериальными осложнениями составила 36,3% (p<0,001). Статистически значимо ухудшает показатели общей выживаемости больных с бактериальными инфекциями количество инфекционных эпизодов (p<0,001) и их тяжесть (p<0,001)

Chromatographic study of the component composition and antioxidant activity of polyphenol complex in biological raw materials

Recently, the attention of many researchers has been attracted by raw materials that contain flavonoids. The purpose of the research is to summarize the results of studies of the composition of flavonoids of a non-fat sea buckthorn meal, which is a secondary raw material for the production of sea buckthorn oil. In this case, the sum of the five identified flavonoid compounds was isolated by extraction and subsequent adsorption column chromatography. At this stage, the actual problem of identifying and determining individual isolated flavonoids was solved using chromatographic (TLC, HPLC) and spectroscopic methods in comparison with reliably known samples. During the study, the flavonoids were identified: isorhamnetin, kaempferol, myritin, quercetin and its glycoside rutin, quercetin and isorhamnetin predominate. Ultimately, the effective parameters of the method for the improvement of the competitiveness of dietary supplements are established

QUALITY OF LIFE OF FEMALE PATIENTS, WHO UNDERWENT RECTAL CANCER SURGERY

Quality of life is the second most important clinical outcome criteria for cancer patients after survival. Quality of life shows the completeness of social rehabilitations of patients, who underwent radical treatment. In present study quality of life of 41 rectal cancer patients, who underwent abdominoperineal resection (n = 22) or anterior resection (n = 19) was assessed using SF-36 questionnaire. All patients without permanent colostomy had better postoperative quality of life. The phycho-emotional state of patients with permanent colostomy progres-sively decreases. The present study is important for developing an individualized rehabilitation programme for female rectal cancer patients