Food neophobia and mealtime food consumption in 4-5 year old children.

Background: Previous research has documented a negative association between maternal report of child food neophobia and reported frequency of consumption of fruit, vegetables, and meat. This study aimed to establish whether neophobia is associated with lower intake of these food types in naturalistic mealtime situations. Methods: One hundred and nine parents of 4–5 year olds completed questionnaires which included a six-item version of the Child Food Neophobia Scale (CFNS). The children took part in a series of 3 test lunch meals at weekly intervals at school at which they were presented with: chicken, cheese, bread, cheese crackers, chocolate biscuits, grapes and tomatoes or carrot sticks. Food items served to each child were weighed before and after the meal to assess total intake of items in four categories: Fruit and vegetables, Protein foods, Starchy foods and Snack foods. Pearson Product Moment Correlations and independent t tests were performed to examine associations between scores on the CFNS and consumption during lunches. Results: Neophobia was associated with lower consumption of fruit and vegetables, protein foods and total calories, but there was no association with intake of starch or snack foods. Conclusion: These results support previous research that has suggested that neophobia impacts differentially on consumption of different food types. Specifically it appears that children who score highly on the CFNS eat less fruit, vegetables and protein foods than their less neophobic peers. Attempts to increase intake of fruit, vegetables and protein might usefully incorporate strategies known to reduce the neophobic response

Comparison between unipolar and bipolar single phase grid-connected inverters for PV applications

An inverter is essential for the interfacing of photovoltaic panels with the AC network. There are many possible inverter topologies and inverter switching schemes and each one will have its own relative advantages and disadvantages. Efficiency and output current distortion are two important factors governing the choice of inverter system. In this paper, it is argued that current controlled inverters offer significant advantages from the point of view of minimisation of current distortion. Two inverter switching strategies are explored in detail. These are the unipolar current controlled inverter and the bipolar current controlled inverter. With respect to low frequency distortion, previously published works provide theoretical arguments in favour of bipolar switching. On the other hand it has also been argued that the unipolar switched inverter offers reduced switching losses and generates less EMI. On efficiency grounds, it appears that the unipolar switched inverter has an advantage. However, experimental results presented in this paper show that the level of low frequency current distortion in the unipolar switched inverter is such that it can only comply with Australian Standard 4777.2 above a minimum output current. On the other hand it is shown that at the same current levels bipolar switching results in reduced low frequency harmonics

Fractional cable models for spiny neuronal dendrites

Cable equations with fractional order temporal operators are introduced to model electrotonic properties of spiny neuronal dendrites. These equations are derived from Nernst-Planck equations with fractional order operators to model the anomalous subdiffusion that arises from trapping properties of dendritic spines. The fractional cable models predict that postsynaptic potentials propagating along dendrites with larger spine densities can arrive at the soma faster and be sustained at higher levels over longer times. Calibration and validation of the models should provide new insight into the functional implications of altered neuronal spine densities, a hallmark of normal aging and many neurodegenerative disorders

Effect of proofreading on mechanics and structure of writing--grades four, five, six

Thesis (M.A.)--Boston Universit

The development and evaluation of exercises for meaningful responses in reading in grade two

Research chapter for this study will be found in Ash, Dorothea: "Development and evaluation of silent reading exercises in grade one" Thesis (M.A.)--Boston Universit

The development and evaluation of exercises in meaningful word practice in grade one

Research chapter for this study will be found in Ash, Dorothea: "Development and evaluation of silent reading exercises in grade one" Thesis (Ed.M.)--Boston Universit

GROWING UP IN IRELAND. KEY FINDINGS: COHORT ’08 AT 9 YEARS OLD. NO. 2 SCHOOL AND LEARNING. Cohort '08 November 2018

This series of Key Findings draws on information provided by the Cohort ‘08 9-year-old and his or her Primary Caregiver (usually the mother, and henceforth in this report referred to as the mother). The series is based on the 7,563 9-year-olds whose families participated in the study at ages 9 months, 3 years, 5 years and 9 years old. This Key Findings report is the second in a series from this latest round of data collection from Cohort ’08 at 9 years of age. It looks at children’s attitudes to school and specific school subjects and relates these to their family context and to their skills and dispositions at the age of 5. At the time of the survey, almost all children were in school. Of these, 9% were in second class, 66% were in third class and 24% were in fourth class.1 Out-of-school learning is also examined and mothers’ reports of their support for, and involvement in, their child’s education are discussed

To Pravda

This is a three part samizdat from Moscow by an anonymous author. The circumstances under which the samizdat was obtained were quite interesting. Several years ago an American professor was approached by a Moscovite in a subway station. Not speaking any Russian he was unable to understand what the man was saying to him. As the subway train approached the Soviet stuck some crumpled paper into the American\u27s pocket and disappeared. The professor did not realize until later that there was a developed negative of a film inside the paper. The negatives contained photos of many typed pages which, however, were illegible at the time due to the minute print. The film was eventually taken qut of the Soviet Union at considerable risk. After the film was develop�d and enlarged it became obvious that it is a rather interesting and sometimes bizarre piece of writing of a malcontent. Rqllo May observed that lunatics, artists, and prophets (not necessarily in that order) are the most perceptive sensors of societal maladies. They, before the rest of us, feel and express our collective experiences. Sections of the writing may strike us as the ramblings of a lunatic. Other parts are lucid, literate, but angry attacks at practically all that surrounds the author. The translation is a faithful rendition except for substitution of obscene words with euphemisms to protect the sensibilities of the average reader. We leave it to the readers to judge for themselves whether this samizdat adds to their knowledge of Soviet Life or not

GROWING UP IN IRELAND. KEY FINDINGS: INFANT COHORT AT 7/8 YEARS. NO. 1 SCHOOL AND LEARNING

This is the first in a series of Key Findings from the fourth wave of data collection from the Infant Cohort in Growing Up in Ireland. The families of just over 11,100 infants were first interviewed between September 2008 and March 2009, when the child at the centre of the study was 9 months old. They were re-interviewed when the child was 3 years old and again at 5 years of age. In 2016, a fourth wave of data was collected from the child’s primary caregiver (mainly their mother1) through a postal survey when the child was 7/8 years old. This Key Finding focuses on mothers’ reports of how their children were doing in terms of their schooling and learning. Children’s early experiences of the classroom, their transition to formal school and their acquisition of key skills such as literacy and numeracy typically have a lasting effect on their short- and long-term educational development. At the time of the postal survey 36% of the children in the study were 7 years old and the rest were 8 years old. At this stage, most of them had been in Primary School for 2-3 years. Overall, 69% started school in 2012 (mostly in September), the remainder in 2013. Just over 1% of the children were in Junior or Senior Infants, 32% were in First Class and 66% in Second Class. Just less than 1% were in third class, home-schooled or at a special school

I Have No Ear

Non-fiction by Anonymou