Modelling Nitrogen Fertiliser Demand in New Zealand

In New Zealand, the demand for nitrogen fertiliser has increased markedly since the early 1980s. Potentially, this trend has significant environmental and climate change implications. While many factors could contribute to this trend, little work has been done to examine the drivers of increased use of nitrogen fertiliser in New Zealand. In this paper, we review the international literature and discuss a theoretical framework for modelling fertiliser demand. Using a national data set, we develop an empirical cointegration model for New Zealand. The results suggest that, in the long run, nitrogen fertiliser use is elastic (2.3) to output prices and unit elastic to its own price.Nitrogen fertiliser demand, New Zealand, Cointegration, Demand and Price Analysis,

The sociologies of law of Marx, Weber and Durkheim : a comparison and critical synthesis

1 online resource (vi, 71 p.)Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-71).Sociology of law is a rich and multi-­‐faceted field encompassing macro and micro sociological and criminological concepts and addressing issues of law in society. This paper draws upon the law-­‐related works of the three classical sociological thinkers – the “fathers” of Sociology – Karl Marx, Max Weber and Emile Durkheim, in order to synthesize their respective sociologies of law. By developing a thorough understanding of each theorist’s approach, comparing and contrasting the three, and critically appraising their perspectives, this paper strives to accomplish a more well-­‐rounded understanding of the field of Sociology of Law from the various sociological perspectives that the three thinkers represent

UC-16 Understanding the Drivers of Medication Nonadherence in the United States

Medication nonadherence is generally defined as a patient’s inability to take their medications correctly as prescribed by their doctors. Medication nonadherence adversely affects patient outcomes and increases healthcare costs. Prior research found that health system-, condition-, patient- (older age is one factor), therapy- and social/economic-related factors have been identified to show effect on non-adherence. Our goal is to analyze the NHIS data to understand the sociodemographic and health causes of medication nonadherence, as well as answer the following questions about our selected topic: What variables are the most relevant drivers of nonadherence? Does the direction and strength of the associations between these variables and medication nonadherence vary over time? If so, how? Are trends getting better or worse? Do the results of your analysis suggest that social inequality factors may be linked to medication nonadherence? If so, how? What are the implications of your analysis for various stakeholders? How does this vary depending on whether medication nonadherence is intentional or unintentional?Advisors(s): Advisor/Instructor: Ying Xie | [email protected] Project Owner/Sponsor: Dr. Chi Zhang | [email protected](s): Data/Data AnalyticsIT4893 - IT Capstone (W01

Receptors for Insulin-Like Growth Factor-2 and Androgens as Therapeutic Targets in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) occurs in 10-15% of all breast cancer patients, yet it accounts for about half of all breast cancer deaths. There is an urgent need to identify new antitumor targets to provide additional treatment options for patients afflicted with this aggressive disease. Preclinical evidence suggests a critical role for insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF2) and androgen receptor (AR) in regulating TNBC progression. To advance this work, a panel of TNBC cell lines was investigated with all cell lines showing significant expression of IGF2. Treatment with IGF2 stimulated cell proliferation in vitro (p < 0.05). Importantly, combination treatments with IGF1R inhibitors BMS-754807 and NVP-AEW541 elicited significant inhibition of TNBC cell proliferation (p < 0.001). Based on Annexin-V binding assays, BMS-754807, NVP-AEW541 and enzalutamide induced TNBC cell death (p < 0.005). Additionally, combination of enzalutamide with BMS-754807 or NVP-AEW541 exerted significant reductions in TNBC proliferation even in cells with low AR expression (p < 0.001). Notably, NVP-AEW541 and BMS-754807 reduced AR levels in BT549 TNBC cells. These results provide evidence that IGF2 promotes TNBC cell viability and proliferation, while inhibition of IGF1R/IR and AR pathways contribute to blockade of TNBC proliferation and promotion of apoptosis in vitro

HIS 103: United States History to 1865 Syllabus

In the summer of 2021, Profs. Jennifer Black, Allan Austin, and Mary Kay Kimelewski were awarded a grant from the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PA Goal program) to rework Misericordia\u27s introductory US History courses to use open-access texts in lieu of costly textbooks. Their goal was to make learning more affordable for their students, while increasing the range of voices represented in the US History survey courses. The attached teaching resources represent the fruits of their labors. This syllabus was created by Jennifer Black, Allan Austin, and Mary Kay Kimelewski (Misericordia University History Department) in the summer of 2021. Support for the project was generously provided by the Pennsylvania Grants for Open and Affordable Learning (PA GOAL) program, Grant #1

HIS 104: United States History Since 1865 Syllabus

In the summer of 2021, Profs. Jennifer Black, Allan Austin, and Mary Kay Kimelewski were awarded a grant from the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PA Goal program) to rework Misericordia\u27s introductory US History courses to use open-access texts in lieu of costly textbooks. Their goal was to make learning more affordable for their students, while increasing the range of voices represented in the US History survey courses. The attached teaching resources represent the fruits of their labors. This syllabus was created by Jennifer Black, Allan Austin, and Mary Kay Kimelewski (Misericordia University History Department) in the summer of 2021. Support for the project was generously provided by the Pennsylvania Grants for Open and Affordable Learning (PA GOAL) program, Grant #1

HIS 104: United States History Since 1865 Discussion Questions

In the summer of 2021, Profs. Jennifer Black, Allan Austin, and Mary Kay Kimelewski were awarded a grant from the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PA Goal program) to rework Misericordia\u27s introductory US History courses to use open-access texts in lieu of costly textbooks. Their goal was to make learning more affordable for their students, while increasing the range of voices represented in the US History survey courses. The attached teaching resources represent the fruits of their labors. These discussion questions were created by Alyssa Chesek, Misericordia University History major, with contributions from Jennifer Black, Allan Austin, and Mary Kay Kimelewski (Misericordia University History Department), in the summer of 2021. Support for the project was generously provided by the Pennsylvania Grants for Open and Affordable Learning (PA GOAL) program, Grant #1

MRE11 facilitates the removal of human topoisomerase II complexes from genomic DNA

Topoisomerase II creates a double-strand break intermediate with topoisomerase covalently coupled to the DNA via a 5'-phosphotyrosyl bond. These intermediate complexes can become cytotoxic protein-DNA adducts and DSB repair at these lesions requires removal of topoisomerase II. To analyse removal of topoisomerase II from genomic DNA we adapted the trapped in agarose DNA immunostaining assay. Recombinant MRE11 from 2 sources removed topoisomerase IIalpha from genomic DNA in vitro, as did MRE11 immunoprecipitates isolated from A-TLD or K562 cells. Basal topoisomerase II complex levels were very high in A-TLD cells lacking full-length wild type MRE11, suggesting that MRE11 facilitates the processing of topoisomerase complexes that arise as part of normal cellular metabolism. In K562 cells inhibition of MRE11, PARP or replication increased topoisomerase IIalpha and beta complex levels formed in the absence of an anti-topoisomerase II dru

HIS 103: United States History to 1865 Discussion Questions

In the summer of 2021, Profs. Jennifer Black, Allan Austin, and Mary Kay Kimelewski were awarded a grant from the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PA Goal program) to rework Misericordia\u27s introductory US History courses to use open-access texts in lieu of costly textbooks. Their goal was to make learning more affordable for their students, while increasing the range of voices represented in the US History survey courses. The attached teaching resources represent the fruits of their labors. These discussion questions were created by Alyssa Chesek, Misericordia University History major, with contributions from Jennifer Black, Allan Austin, and Mary Kay Kimelewski (Misericordia University History Department), in the summer of 2021. Support for the project was generously provided by the Pennsylvania Grants for Open and Affordable Learning (PA GOAL) program, Grant #1

The Social Environment of Public Transport

Crowding is identified both internationally and in New Zealand as a key issue in public transport. Unfortunately, the concerns of public transport providers are focussed on economic imperative rather than a concern for the actual experiences of patrons. The social needs of public transport passengers are neglected, both in practice and in research. This research examines the delicate balance between the need for privacy and the need for social interaction in the setting of public transport. These needs are examined through naturalistic observation of 1703 passengers' behaviours, such as seat selection, activity use, and conversation on buses and trains. This was followed by a survey-based Exploratory study examining a range of individual difference variables. Based on the findings of this Exploratory study measures were identified for use in a series of subsequent surveys of public and private transport users. Specifically, questionnaires measuring the attitudes and self-reported behaviour of train (N = 319), car (N = 305) and bus commuters (N = 216). Results suggest that the seating layout of public transport forces people into an intimate distance with strangers, causing social discomfort. Hall's (1966) proxemic theory suggests that these intimate distances are typically reserved for people with closer relations. People compensate by adapting to this close yet impersonal social situation. There is evidence that interactive strategies such as talking and positive body language with other passengers reduces the level of social discomfort, whereas defensive strategies do not reduce discomfort, but do form a negative relationship with social interaction which helps perpetuate a socially stagnant atmosphere. Discomfort from close interpersonal distance and less positive attitudes towards other passengers, while not as important as instrumental variables (such as longer trip durations), are still potential barriers to public transport patronage and should be given greater attention. In conclusion, interactive behaviours are determined to be necessary to reduce social discomfort in public transport. Festinger and colleague's (1950) passive contact theory (PCT) is interrupted in the public transport setting, and it is posited that pro-social behaviours, such as smiling, and acknowledging other passengers with greetings are a precondition for successful interpersonal interaction