Relationship of the Use of Short Footwear with the Development of Hallux Valgus in a Sample of Andalusian Schoolchildren

Background: Several studies have shown the relationship between poor footwear fit and the risk of feet deformities. The available evidence seems to show that the development of hallux valgus deformity in the feet of schoolchildren may be related to the use of shoes that are poorly fitting in length. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to analyze the relationship between poor footwear fit in length and risk of developing hallux valgus. Methods: Using an instrument that was designed and calibrated for this purpose, maximum foot length was obtained and compared to the inner length of the shoe in 187 schoolchildren. Hallux valgus angle (HVA) was measured on weight-bearing podogram image obtained from the longest foot in 188 schoolchildren. Results: By default, the footwear was poorly fitting in length (too short or close-fitting) in 38.5% of the schoolchildren, with boys having the worst footwear fit; though no significant differences stood out. (p = 0.276). Regarding the HVA, no significant differences were recorded according to age or gender (p = 0.573). A strong correlation was observed between too-short footwear and the increase in HVA in 10-year-old boys (r = 0.817; p = 0.025) and in 9-year-old girls (r = 0.705; p = 0.005). Conclusions: Inadequate footwear fit in length may be a predisposing extrinsic risk factor for the development of hallux valgus in schoolchildren of both sexes. Results of the present study demonstrate the need to adapt the sizes of footwear to the rapid increase in foot-length that occur at puberty to avoid the risk of developing hallux valgus, especially at the ages of onset pubertal foot growth

Evaluation of gait parameters on subjects with hallux limitus using an optogait sensor system: a case–control study

Background and Objetives: The foot is a part of the body’s kinetic chain and needs to be efficient during the entire gait cycle. Electronic Sensor Gait analysis is useful and an important tool within the area of podiatry to assess the physical state of patients that helps the comprehensive intervention in situations where the daily activity is limited. The aim of this research is to evaluate if the presence of a hallux limitus (HL) can alter gait space–time parameters and consequently can affect the take-off phase of the gait and the limitation of the range of motion (ROM) of the hallux. Materials and Methods: A case–control study was designed to verify whether there are alterations in the spatiotemporal parameters of the gait cycle between subjects with structural HL compared to the group of subjects with a normal hallux range. A total of n = 138 participants, cases (68 HL subjects) and healthy controls (70 subjects) were studied using an OptoGait LED sensor system to identify gait imbalances using OptoGait photocell gait analysis sensors. Results: Significant differences were found between the two groups with respect to stride length, gait cycle duration in seconds (for both feet) and for total stride and load response (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The limitation of the Hallux ROM may alter the normal gait patterns measured with an Optogait system. The early identification and treatment of gait disturbances due to HL are important to achieve normal gait physical activity to maintain a healthy lifestyle

Evaluation of Gait Parameters on Subjects with Hallux Limitus Using an Optogait Sensor System: A Case–Control Study

Background and Objetives: The foot is a part of the body’s kinetic chain and needs to be efficient during the entire gait cycle. Electronic Sensor Gait analysis is useful and an important tool within the area of podiatry to assess the physical state of patients that helps the comprehensive intervention in situations where the daily activity is limited. The aim of this research is to evaluate if the presence of a hallux limitus (HL) can alter gait space–time parameters and consequently can affect the take-off phase of the gait and the limitation of the range of motion (ROM) of the hallux. Materials and Methods: A case–control study was designed to verify whether there are alterations in the spatiotemporal parameters of the gait cycle between subjects with structural HL compared to the group of subjects with a normal hallux range. A total of n = 138 participants, cases (68 HL subjects) and healthy controls (70 subjects) were studied using an OptoGait LED sensor system to identify gait imbalances using OptoGait photocell gait analysis sensors. Results: Significant differences were found between the two groups with respect to stride length, gait cycle duration in seconds (for both feet) and for total stride and load response (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The limitation of the Hallux ROM may alter the normal gait patterns measured with an Optogait system. The early identification and treatment of gait disturbances due to HL are important to achieve normal gait physical activity to maintain a healthy lifestyle

Probiotics as a Coadjuvant Factor in Active or Quiescent Inflammatory Bowel Disease of Adults—A Meta-Analytical Study

(1) Background: Inflammatory bowel diseases are pathologies of unknown etiology and auto-immune pathogenia. The use of probiotics is studied in order to increase the arsenal of treatments. The aim was to assess the efficacy of the probiotics in these diseases in the active or quiescent phases; (2) Methods: A systematic review with meta-analysis was performed by an exhaustive bibliographic search in Medline, Cinahl, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. The inclusion criteria were studies of more than 10 years, English/Spanish, clinical trials, and involving human beings. Relative risk was used to compare efficacy, which was meta-analyzed using a fixed effects model. Heterogeneity was evaluated with the Higgins I2 test; (3) Results: Nineteen studies were included in the systematic review and 17 in the meta-analysis, with a total of 1537 patients (nexperimental group = 762; nplacebo group = 775). There are significant remission differences in ulcerative colitis (relative risk (RR) = 0.81; 95% CI = 0.72–0.91; I2 = 32%; p = 0.16). However, no significant differences were found in the use of probiotics for the prevention of ulcerative colitis, and for the remission of Crohn’s disease; (4) Conclusions: There are data showing an additional beneficial effect of probiotics on active ulcerative colitis. More and better studies are needed which assess its possible therapeutic efficacy for quiescent ulcerative colitis and for Crohn’s disease

An Assessment of Balance through Posturography in Healthy about Women: An Observational Study

The incidence of falls in adults constitutes a public health problem, and the alteration in balance is the most important factor. It is necessary to evaluate this through objective tools in order to quantify alterations and prevent falls. This study aims to determine the existence of alteration of balance and the influence of age in a population of healthy women. Static posturography was performed on 49 healthy adult women with no history of falls in four different situations using the Romberg test with the NedSVE/IBV® platform. The variables studied were the body sway area and the anteroposterior and mediolateral displacements. The situation of maximum instability occurred in RGC (p = 0.001), with a significant increase in anteroposterior oscillations regarding the ML (p < 0.001), with no correlation to age. Age alone does not influence the balance in the sample studied, other factors must come together to alter it. The joint cancellation of visual and somatosensory afferents could facilitate the appearance of falls, given that it is a situation of maximum instability. Proprioceptive training is interesting as a preventive strategy for falls

A case-control study of the effects of chronic low back pain in spatiotemporal gait parameters

Chronic low back pain and biomechanical walking imbalances are closely related. It is relevant to identify if there are alterations in spatiotemporal gait patterns in subjects with CLBP (cases) versus healthy subjects (controls) to plan training interventions of motor control gait patterns, and thus allowing normal physical activity of the individual. This study is intended to identify if spatiotemporal alterations occur in the gait cycle in CLBP subjects (cases) compared with a control group (healthy patients) analyzed with an OptoGait LED sensors gait program. Method: A total of n = 147 participants: n = 75 cases (CLBP) and n = 72 healthy controls subjects were studied with OptoGait gait program. Results: Significant differences were found between the two groups and both feet in foot stride, for the differences of the total stride and contact, for gait cadence and total stride length of the gait cycle (p < 0.05). Conclusions: CLBP may alter some normal gait patterns measured by OptoGait; this finding presents imbalances in gait cycle as an underlying factor. The gait is part of daily life of any individual and it is an important physical activity in relation to the maintenance of an optimal state of health. In addition, future studies are deemed necessary

Determination of 234U and 238U Activities in Soil by Liquid Scintillation and High-Resolution Alpha Spectrometry

Uranium is a radioactive element with a special presence in the rocks, waters, sediments, soils, and plants at the state of Chihuahua. The activity ratio of 238U/234U is used to explain the uranium transport by surface water and its deposition in arid environments. In this work, the activity concentration of natural U isotopes is determined by PERALS liquid scintillation and high-resolution alpha spectrometry (AS, Canberra camera 7401VR) in the Environmental Radiological Surveillance Laboratory (LVRA) at CIMAV, Chihuahua. Uranium is extracted from soils through the scintillating liquid extractor URAEX for PERALS, with chemical recovery (CR) of 80 - 85 %, and through the ion exchange resin UTEVA + electrode position by the Hallstadius method, with CR of 85 - 90 %, for AS. The procedures of 234U and 238U activity concentration (AC) determination in soils were validated by their application to the certified reference material IAEA-375. The resulting values were in the reference range of the certified or informative values. Both procedures were applied to 6 representative soil samples, with AC of the same order of magnitude or greater, and similar CR and compatible results. Both procedures are satisfactory for the purposes of LVRA research and in general

Clinical Manifestations of COVID-19 in the Feet: A Review of Reviews

Abstract: There is a lack of scientific evidence about the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The clinical manifestations are not thoroughly understood; classically, the virus manifests itself at the pulmonary level but can manifest at other levels. To the best of our knowledge, systematic reviews and non-systematic reviews about COVID-19 symptoms in the feet have not been published. The aim of this review of reviews was to analyze and synthesize the published reviews on manifestations of COVID-19 at the foot level. Methods: a review of reviews was conducted; the eligibility criteria included studies published in English or Spanish, involving children and adults with COVID-19, and reporting foot manifestations. PubMed, SciELO, Science Direct, Cochrane Database of Systematic Review, and Google Scholar were analyzed. Two authors independently performed the screening and quality assessment of the studies with AMSTAR 1, and finally, nine reviews were analyzed (one systematic and eight narratives studies). The main clinical manifestations at the foot level in patients with COVID-19 were vascular (edema, exanthems, chilblains, ischemia, and distal necrosis), dermatological (vesicular, maculopapular, papulosquamous, urticarial skin breakouts, and recurrent herpes), and neurological (muscular weakness in lower limbs, paresis, areflexias, ataxia, and difficulty walking). Erythema pernio or “COVID toes” was shown as the most characteristic lesion of this disease, especially in asymptomatic children and young people, so this typical manifestation may be considered important in patients who are positive for COVID-19. This finding does not allow for strong conclusions due to the scarce literature and methodological quality in this regard. Future studies are necessary

COORDINACIÓN DE DOS DRONES MEDIANTE UN SENSOR DE ALTITUD/ORIENTACIÓN MONOCULAR (COORDINATION OF TWO DRONES THROUGH AN ALTITUDE/ORIENTATION MONOCULAR SENSOR)

En este trabajo se describe la coordinación entre dos drones: un cuadri-rotor (dron esclavo) y un tri-rotor (dron maestro) este último con movimiento de inclinación en los motores. Este movimiento especial será usado para hacer control de seguimiento. Se presenta un consensus de vuelo en desplazamiento no holonómico del dron maestro en términos de posición y ángulo. El dron maestro es controlado utilizando una PC mediante dos transceptores RF con los que se reciben las ganancias de control y las posiciones deseadas. En el dron esclavo se precargan las ganancias de control y únicamente se tienen los valores de referencia la distancia entre drones ( ) y la posición  en el plano de la imagen. Se pretende simular un sistema de tren aéreo usando una cámara por dron esclavo mediante el uso de un algoritmo de cuatro puntos para detectar los ángulos de Euler y la posición cartesiana en el plano de la imagen de la cámara. Finalmente se muestran las gráficas en la sección de resultados, donde se analizarán las respuestas de control utilizando la cámara y sin ella.Palabra(s) Clave: Control, Visión, Robótica. AbstractIn this paper it is described the coordination between two drones: one quadrotor (slave) and one trirotor (master) with tilt movement in the motors. This special movement of the first will be used to make a tracking control. The paper presents a non-holonomic displacement towards a consensus in flight and in terms of the position and the angle. The master drone is controlled via Radio Frequency (RF) with two transceptors using a PC who gives the syntonization parameters for the drone and the desired positions. The slave drone have preloaded the control parameters and the control inputs are the desired positions  and  the distance between drones. In this work, we pretend simulate an aerial train system using a camera per drone slave through the detection of four points to get the Euler angles and the Cartesian position from the camera. Finally the graphs of responses are showed in the results, where is analyzed the control responses using the camera and without it.Keywords: Control, Vision, Robotics

Efecto del tratamiento ortopodológico en el dolor lumbar crónico

El objetivo principal del trabajo ha sido estudiar si tras el uso de un tratamiento con soportes plantares a medida se produce una mejoría en el CLBP y en el grado de discapacidad. Sobre una muestra de 51 sujetos (43 de género femenino y 8 de género mas